Antibiotic¬tions2

TABLE 11-1 Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial Agents

Inhibitors of Rtbosome Function

Inhibitors of SOS unitS Streptomycyn

Kanamycin, gentamicin. amikaem Spcctihomycin Tetracyclines inhibitors of 50S unils Chloramphenicol Ctindamycln Erythromycin Fusidic acid

Inhibitors of Folate Metabolism

Inhibitor of ptoroic acki synthetase Sulfonamides

Inhibitor of dihydrotolato reductasa Trimephoprim

Inhibitor® of Bactcrial Celi Wall Synthesis

Drugs Ihat inhibit biosynthetic enzymos Fosfomycin Cyctoserine

Drugs thai combine with carrier molecules Badtracin

Drugs that combinc with celi wali subslrates Vancomycir>

Drugs that inhibit polymerizalion and attachment o‘

new pepidoglycan to celi wali Pcnicillins Cephalosporins Carbapcnems Monobactams

Inhibitors of Cytoplasmic Membranes

Drugs that disorganize the cytoplasmic membrano Tyrccidins Polymyxins

Drugs that produco potes in membranes Gramicidins

Drugs that alter slructure of fungi Polyenes (amphotericin) imidazoles (ketoconazole. fluconazole) Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

Inhibitors of nuclootide metabolism Adenosine arabinoside (viruses)

Ä„cyclovir (viruses)

Flucytosine (fungi)

Agents that impair DNA template luncfion lutercalating agents Chlcrogumc (parasiles)

Inhibitors of DNA replication Ouinoloncs Nitroimidazoles

Inhibitors of RNA poiymerase Rilampin