Benz a piren
Table 1. Estimated benzo [a] pyrene emission in the United States [2]. The data characterize the situation in the late sixties
|
Source |
Tons/year | ||
|
Transportation souręes . Gasoline-powered | |||
|
Automobiles |
10 | ||
|
Trucks |
12 | ||
|
Diesel-fuel-powered | |||
|
Jrucks and buses . |
0.4 | ||
|
22 |
«2% | ||
|
Heat and power generation sóurces | |||
|
Coal | |||
|
Hand-stoked residential furnaces |
420 . | ||
|
Intermediate units |
10 | ||
|
Coal-fired steam power plants |
1 | ||
|
Oil | |||
|
Low-pressure air-atomized and others |
2- | ||
|
Gas |
2- | ||
|
Wood |
40 | ||
|
475 |
& 38% | ||
|
Refuse buming | |||
|
Enclosed incineration |
33 | ||
|
Open buming | |||
|
Forest and agricultural |
140 | ||
|
: Vehicle disposal |
50 | ||
|
Coąl refuse Fires |
340 | ||
|
563 |
& 45% | ||
|
Industrial plants | |||
|
Cracking units |
6 | ||
|
Asphalt air-blowihg |
<1 | ||
|
Coke production |
192 | ||
|
198 |
A16% | ||
|
1,260 tons/year | |||
Fig. 15. Metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene to the “ultimate carcinogen
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