212 Complete Spanish Grammar
• Masculine adjectives that end in -o drop the -o and add -a for the feminine forms. To form the plural, both masculine and feminine, add -s to the singular ending.
Singular Plural
bueno, buena (good) buenos, buenas
perezoso, perezosa (lazy) perezosos, perezosas
precioso, preciosa (precious) preciosos, preciosas
Esta camisa negra es importada de This black shirt is importedfrom Italy.
Italia.
Los zapatos rojos son de Espana. The red shoes are from Spain.
• Numerous adjectives in Spanish have a single form for the masculine and feminine. If the adjective ends in -e, add -s for the plural. If it ends in a consonant, add -es.
Plural
Singular
debil (weak) debiles
perseverante (perseuering) perseverantes
Examples
a pleasant personality an interesting story popular movies
French winę and French pastries a fast car and some fast boats
una personalidad agradable
un cuento interesante
peliculas populares
un vino frances y pasteles franceses
un auto velozy unos botes veloces
A few spelling rules: Notę that some adjectives may drop or add an accent mark when they are changed from singular to plural and vice versa. Adjectives of nationality are not capitalized. Remember to change z to c before adding the -es plural ending.
Here are some adjectives that have the same form in the masculine and feminine. Practice put-ting them in the plural.
agradable |
pleasant |
feliz |
happy |
natural |
natural |
azul |
blue |
fuerte |
strong |
optimista |
optimistic |
carmesi |
red |
gris |
gray |
pesimista |
pessimistic |
dificil |
difficult, hard |
inferior |
inferior |
realista |
realistic |
facil |
easy, simple |
interesante |
interesting |
triste |
unhappy |
fatal |
fatal |
mediocre |
mediocre |
verde |
green |
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Practica. iMasculino o femenino ? Escńbe la forma apropiada del adjetivo entre parentesis.
1. dolor (agudo) _ 5. viaje (interminable) _
2. patio (grandę) _ 6. suspiro (sigh) (profundo) _
3. avión (viejo) _ 7. mesa (redondo) _
4. casa (fabuloso)
8. rumor (malicioso)