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^St'^,,u' ^Howf^ver- ^{h rel}“'«l negatively wi(h ^C!l' ^SI*^{S a}'^{ul reai:h}^ significance lho Provulence Scalę. Since i, did no, correlale sigmlicaraly will. Challenge i, _nei thcr confirmed nor falsified thc validity of thc Challenge Scalę. Confirming Lawrence’s hypothesis. the Self-Esteem Scalę correlated positively with the Gil Acceptance Scalę (.M). Although Lawrence expected the Altru-ism Scalę to relate significantly hetter with the Gil Benevolence Scalę than with the

Concep, _S(alcs

God. Unnuhl, h h T " ^measurin8 ^thf image of

ca,wic    ^d'^s“^m,,"“'^Th'

nwersity of Amenca. Washington D. C. Subseąuent Research:

atric tT ^ 0995). Impact of inpatient psychi-. ^treatmem on object relations maturity. self-es-eem and C.od image (Doctoral dissenation. Rose-mead Graduate School of Psychotogy. Biota

niversity, 1995). Dissertation Ahstracts International. 55. [15568.

wrcncc, K. \. i \. Ihe deielopment. validation, and standard-

Lawrence, R. T. (1991). The God Image lnven-tory: The deielopment, validation, and standard-ization of a psychometrie instrument for research, pastorał and clinical use in measuring the image of God. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Catholic University of America, Washington D. C.

Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. I:

other Gil scales, and second hest with the Gil Acceptance Scalę, it actually failed to discriminate the two Gil scales, and demon-strated a very narrow rangę of correlations with all the Gil scales (.22 to .26).

Lawrence hypothesized that Internal Locus of Control would correlate positively and most highly with the Gil Influence Scalę. However, it produced the second weakest correlation (-.42; the negative sign is due the way the Locus Control Scalę is scored). thus not confirming the validity of the Influence Scalę. Finally, consistent with Lawrence's expentations, the Gil Provi-dence Scalę, which measures how much God Controls the subject, related most hichly to the God Control Scalę (.63). The God Control Scalę also correlated second highest with the Gil Influence Scalę (.50), the other control scalę. This supports the eon struci validity of the Providence scalę.

“a. K.T.IIW). Tkr C,o,l Imag* tory

Knapp, C. L. (1993). Personality transformation (ind helief in God: An object relations understand-ini* oj the spiritual aw^}akening program of alco-holics anonyrnous. Unpublished docioral dissertation, Andover Newton Theological School, Newton Center, MA.

References

\ttachment. New York: Basic Books.

Kirkpatrick, L. A. (1986). Developmental psy-.hology and religion: Potential application of at-tachment theory for the psychology of religion. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Soci-ety for the Scientific Study of Religion. Washington

^D Rizzuto, A. (1979). The birth of the living God.

Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Winnico,,. D. W. (1953). Trans!,,ona ob,ec«

aml iransilional phenomena.

of Psychoanalysis, 34. 91.

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