radiation

Radiation Dose Chart

Thts is a chart of the iontztng radiation dose a person can absorb frorn various sources. The unit for absorbed dose is “sievert” (Sv), and rneasures the effect a dose of radiation will have on the cells of the body. One sievert (all at once) will rnake you sick, and too rnany rnore will kill you, but we safely absorb srnall arnounts of natural radiation daily. Notę: The sarnę nurnber of sieverts absorbed in a shorter tirne will generałly cause rnore darnage, but your curnulative long-terrn dose plays a big role in things like cancer risk.

□ Sleeping next to sorneone (6.65 pSv)

□ Living within 56 rniles of a nuclear ^H power plant for a year (6.69 pSv)

□ Eating one banana (6.1 pSv)

Living within 50 rniles of a coal ^BBB power plant for a year (6.3 pSv)

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One arrn x-ray (1 pSv)

Llsing a CRT monitor for a year (1 pSv)

□□□□□ Extra dose frorn spending one day in □□□□□ ^{an area} higher-than-average □□□□□ ^natural background radiation, such as the Colorado plateau (1.2 pSv)

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Dental or hand x-ray (5 _MSv)

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Extra dose frorn one day in an average town near the Fuku-shirna plant (-3.5 pSv as of March 17th, varies guite a bit)

Background dose received by an average person over one norrnal day (16 pSv)

A i rp lane flight frorn New York to LA (40 pSv)

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□ Chest x-ray (20 ySv)

^ n Ali the doses in the blue ^DD chart cornbined (-60 ySv)

_Dlj Living in a stone, brick, or concrete ^Dn buiIding for a year (70 pSv)

Average total dose frorn the Three □□ Mile Island accident to sorneone living within 10 rniles (80 ySv)

°°° EPA yearly release lirnit for a nuclear □□ power plant (250 pSv)

aaaa ^YearlY ^{dose frorn}□□□□ natural potassiurn in

□□□H the body (390 pSv)

EPA yearly lirnit on radiation exposure to a single rnernber of the public (1 rnSv=l,000 pSv)

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Maxirnurn external dose frorn Three Mile Island accident (1 rnSv)

Marnrnograrn (3 rnSv)

One-day dose (-3.6 rnSv) at two sites 50 krn NW of Fukushirna on 3/16, seen again on 3/17. However, other areas near Fukushirna saw barely-elevated doses.

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EPA yearly release target for a nuclear power plant (30 pSv)

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Chest CT scan (5.8 rnSv)

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Dose frorn spending an hour on the grounds at the Chernobyl plant in 2010 (6 rnSv in one spot, but varies wiIdly)

Maxirnurn yearly dose perrnitted for US radiation workers (50 rnSv)

_D Using a celi phone (O pSv)-a celi phone’s transrnitter does not produce ionizing radiation* and does not cause cancer.

* Unlcss it's a bdnanaphonc.

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Norrnal yearly background dose. About 85% is frorn natural sources. Nearly all of the rest is frorn rnedical seans (-3.65 rnSv)

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□ “ (0.O5 pSv)

□ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □ □□□□ □ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□

□□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □ □□□□ □ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□

□ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□

□□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □ □□□□

□ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ ■■■■■ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□

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□ □□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□

□□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □□□□□ □ □□□□

□ (20 mSv)

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□ (10 rnSv)

Ali the doses in the green □□ chart cornbined (~?5 mSv) □□□

EPA guidelines for emergency situations, provided to ensure guick decision-making:

□ (1 Sv)

Ten rninutes next to the Chernobyl reactor core after explosion and meltdown (50 Sv) □□□□□□□□□□

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Dose limit for emergency □□ workers protecting valuable □□ property (100 mSv) gg

Dose limit for emergency □□□□□ workers in lifesaving □□□□□ operat i ons (250 rnSv) □□□□□

Radiation worker □ one-year dose ^climit (56 mSv) □

Lowest one-year dose _nnelearly linked to □□ inereased cancer □□ risk (100 mSv) ^DD

Dose causing symptoms of radiation poisoning if received in a short tirne (400 mSv, but varies)

Severe radiation poisoning, in sorne cases fatal (2000 mSv, 2 Sv)

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Sources:

http://www.nKC.gov/KCdding-Km/doc-collcctions/ctK/paKt020/ www.ncma.nc.gov/tcchnologicol/dosc-limits.html

http://www.dcq.idaho.gov/inl-ovcKsight/Kodiation/dosc-calculatoK.ctm

http://www.dcq.idaho.gov/inl-ovcKsight/Kadiation/Kadiation-guidc.ctm

http://mitnsc.com/

http://www.bnl.gov/bnlwcb/PDF/03SER/ChaptCK-S.pd*

http://dcl5-old.nas.edu/dcl5/Kpt-bKicts/KCKt-tinal.pd*

http://pcoplc.Kccd.edu/~cmcmanis/Kadiation.html

http://cn.wikipcdia.OKg/wiki/SicvcKt

http://blog.voKnaskotti.com/2010/07/15/into-thc-2onc-chcKnobyl-pKipyat/ http://www.nKc.gov/Kcading-Km/doc-collcctions/tzact-shccts/tKitium-Kadiation-ts.html http://www.mext.go.jp/componcnt/a-mcnu/othcK/dctail/—icsFilcs/aticldtilc/2011/03/lS/1303727-171S.pd*

Fatal dose, even with treatrnent (8 Sv)

Extrernely severe radiation poisoning. Survival sornetirnes possible with prornpt treatrnent (4 Sv)

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Chart by Randall Munroe, with help frorn El len, Senior Reactor Operator at the Reed Research Reactor, who suggested the idea and provided a lot of the sources. I’rn surę I’ve added in lots of rnistakes; it’s for generał education only. If you’re basing radiation safety procedur es on an internet PNG irnage and things go wrong, you have no one to blarne but yourself.

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