Summary p286

to łeara learning

ii

aprender

aprendendo

falando-nos

escrevendo-the

vendo-o

286    CONYERSATIONAL PORTUGUESE

36. THE PARTICIPLE

1. The present participle is formed by adding -ando, -endo, and -indo to the stems of verbs of the three conjugations:

i

falar to speak falando speaking

Ul

par tir    to leave

partindo łeaving

If an object pronoun follows the present participle it is joined to it with a hyphen:

speaking to us writing to him seeing him

2. The present participle is used in the progressive tenses (see section 37 which follows) and often much as in English:

Vi-o na praia, dormindo. I saw him on the beach,

sleeping.

Partindo (A o partir), ele On leaving he gave me me deu seu cartao.    his card.

3. The past participle is formed by adding -ado, -ido, -ido to the stems of verbs of the three conjugations:

i    ii

falar    to speak    aprender    to learn

falado    spoken    aprendido    leamed

CONYERSATIONAL PORTUGUESE_287

m

partir    to Ieave

partido    left

4. Irregular participles Pór has the irregular present participle pondo.

The following are some of the verbs which have irregular past participles:

IRREGULAR

INFINITIYE		PAST PARTICIPLE
abrir	to open	aberto
cobrir	to cover	coberio
dizer	to say	dito
escrever	to write	escrito
fazer	to do, make	feito
pór	to put	pósto (posto
ver	to see	visto
vir	to come	vindo

Some verbs have a regular participle and also a shortened form:

REGULAR	IRREGULAR
aceitado	aceito, aceite
entregado	entregue
*ganhado	ganho
*gastado	gasto
*pagado	pago
morrido	morto

INFINITIVE aceitar	to accept
entregar	to deliver,
ganhar	give to earn,
gastar	gain to spend
pagar	to pay
morrer	to die

* rarely used today