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Gastroesophageal Junction

GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY

Esophageal

mucosa

Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle

Gradual muscular thickening

Phrenoesophageal ligament (descending leaf)

Longitudinal muscle

Fundus of stornach

Outer muscle layer (longitudinal muscle)

Phrenoesophageal (diaphragmatic esophageal) ligament (ascending leaf) Diaphragm

Diaphragmatic fascia

"Z linę (zigzag linę) junction ol esophageal and gastric

Middle muscle layer of stornach (circular muscle) Inner muscle layer ot stornach forming sling Window cut in middle muscle

Figurę 7.2 Gastroesophageal ]unction

The smooth muscle of the łower esophagus increases in thickness at the junction with the stornach and forms the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES lies where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm. and at this point, the esophageal mucosa changes to gas

tric mucosa (Z linę). The stornach has thrce musde -and the most orad, or cardiac, portion of the s tive relaxation) to receive the food bolus ń