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of the prehistory are not sufficicnt. Thcy must bc supplemcnted by the elc-nicnts of the simplcst communicative model, i.e.: sender, message, codę. Information chnnnel and receiver. Considering those elcmcnts in the intcrprelation processes is an open problem. Any communicative situation is accompanied by phenomenon called noise. i.e. intcrfcrences arising in communication channel. which may misrepresenl physical structure of a message (Eco 1996: 37-39). As the ideał conditions are rarc, noise always threatens message clarity (Fig. I) (Porębski 1986: 27)

The nile mentioned ubove also refers to exchangę as a specific communica-tion system. Idcaliscd and simplificd trade routes cross maps of wide European territories published in archacological papers (Fig. 2). The authors of such con-cepts Inil to considcr a significant rcgularity. that spacial bchaviours of humans are much morę connectcd w ith the cognitive map than wiłh a rcal map (Wansley, Lewis 1997: 140). The effectiyc choice of certain way was determined not only by the pace of covering it and minimising the ncccssary effort, but also by the existcncc of borders which cut a homogencous space, dividing it into countless ccntres and peripheries (Woźny 2000: 9-10). Borderlands become particularly important as sources of noises arising within the trade channcls (routes) (Ren(rew, Halin 2002: 352). The role of the borderland betwcen Kuyavin and Pomerania in the way of far-rcaching trade routes in the Bronze Age and the eariy Iron Age can serw as cxemplification of those issues.

2. THE NATURAL EN YIRONMENT OF THE BORDERLAND BETWEEN KUYAY1A AND POMERANIA

Physico-geographically. the borderland runs parallelly along the northem part of the Noteć Warta ice marginal streamvallcy on the section between the area where the Brda flows into the Vistula on the east and the land where the Lobzonkn flows into the Noteć on the wesl (Czebreszuk 1996:2-3). The ice mar-ginnl strcanwalley of the Noteć separates the Żnin Lakeland and the Kuyavia Plain from the Krajna Lakeland (Kondracki 1978: 251-252). The fragment of the ice marginal strcanwalley appointed in the classiftcadon of physico-geographical subregions of Poland as the Kuyavia-Pomeranian borderland. embraces the Toruń Basin (Kondracki 1978: 291-292). which covers 90 km from Naklo to Nieszawą, occupying the area of 1850 km². The maximum width of the Toruń Basin is about 20 km. however. it narrows to 3-4 km ncar Nakło on the Noteć The minimum hcight of the basin bed reachcs 35 m above sea lewi. whereas the crosion scarp of the Kuyavia Plain runs at the altitudc of 80 m above sea lewi. and the edge of the morainal hills in the Krajna Lakeland rises to 193 m above sea lewi in Dębowa Góra (Murawski 1978). Consequently. whilc Crossing the borderland between Kuyavia and Pomerania, the deniwlatiońs of the area reach from a fcw dozen metrcs to evcn 150.