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A number of workers have studied the flow properties of emulsions. Sibree shows that emulsions have a structural viscosity in the Ostwald sense, and Porter, following Sibree's work on paraffin-sodium oleate emulsions, finds that even the log/log plotting does not give straight lines. He proposes a morę complex eąuation, and applies it to starch suspen-sions, which, as has already been shown, do not follow the Ostwald-de Waele law, except over a narrow rangę of stress. Koster points out that sometimes emulsions show a rise in viscosity on stirnng, and a fali on subseąuent standing. This has been called " inverse thixotropy,” and has been commented on by a number of workers.1 The author has observed with certain creams that the yiscosity rises slightly with rising stress; but this can hardly be a case of inverse thixotropy, sińce progressive shearing tends, if anything, to lower the yiscosity. This phenomenon may be a type of dilatancy. In generał, however, the rheology of emulsions is a relatively unexplored field.
Richardson has done yiscosity measurements in a Couette (rotating cylinder) apparatus on varying concentrations of benzene/water and water/benzene
1 Hatschek and Jane (loc. cit.) and Hartley (Naturę, 1938, CXLII., 161) describe a type of "inverse thixotropy” produced by shearing.