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Zug Tucci, H. ‘II carroccio nelle vita coniunale italiana’, Quellen und Forschungen aus italienische Archwen und Bibliotheken LXV (1985).

Genoa in the late 13th century with family alliances grouped according to Ghibelline, Guelf or unspecified aliegiance. 1 -Calvi and Pallavicini; 2 - Advocate and Pevere; 3 - Grimaldi and Spinola; 4 - De Nigro and De Mari; 5 - Spinola di Luccoli; 6 - De Mari; 7 - Imperiali; 8 - Doria; 9 - Fieschi; 10 - De Volta; 11 - Stregiaporci; 12 - De Castro Embriaci.

Uncommitted

Ghibelline

Guelf

Ca stello

City walls(13 cent.)

Main roads

New harbour works (14 cent.) Suburbs

Areas dominated by major families

GLOSSARY

The following selection of technical, predominantly early Italian terms provides a basie scheme of reference and expla-nation for the key words that appear in the text, and that ma\' be encountered in further reading on this subject. Inevitablv, the differences and inconsistency between the spellings and the forms of many of the words is a reflection of the evolu-tionary State of the Italian language at this time. During the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries, almost erery region within the physical confines of the Italian peninsular witnessed a further independent divergence in the degeneration of spoken Latin into a particular regional dialect. They did however retain a certain common familiarity and a fair degree of overall inter-comprehension between them, having originated from the same root. It was not until the 15th century that a concerted attempt was madę to recognise a standard form of Italian that could be used and understood on a wider scalę, initially on a purely diplomatic level. Thus the following list lays no claims to being an absolute, exact guide on the terminology of this subject, but is instead merely intended to aid the reader in what can be a dilllcult area of research.