90 (105)

174 The Viking Age in Denmark

⁹    Widukind I. 40; cf. Thictmar I, 17, and Adam I, 57.

¹⁰    Christensen & Nielsen 1975 (written sources), 126, 129 and 133.

¹¹    Cf. Christensen 1969, 226f. (Widukind III, 65).

¹²    Cf. Christensen 1969, 230f. and Christensen & Nielsen 1975 (written sources), 129 and 133.

¹³    Widukind I, 40; Thietmar I, 17 (a later source) ‘Knut’; and Adam 1,57 (an even later source) ‘Hardeknud Gorm’. Cf. DR 2 and 4; Queen Asfrid, the daughter of Odinkar.

¹⁴    DR 41 and 42.

¹⁵    Thictmar III, 6 and 24.

¹⁸ The Ang!o-Saxon Chronicie. Kendrick 1930.

¹⁷    Adam II, 41 and 55.

¹⁸    Annales Francorum 817.

¹⁹    Vita A nskarii 31 f.

²⁰    E.g. Gregorius Turonensis, 515 A.D. (III, 3).

²¹    Annales Francorum, also for the following.

²²    DR 188.

²³    Vita Ans kar i i 32.

²⁴    Annales Francorum.

²⁵    DR 209.

²⁶    DR 230.

²⁷    DR 189, 190, 192 and 193.

²⁸    King Alfred 9.

²⁹    King Alfred 10.

³⁰    King Alfred 2.

³¹    Skautrup 1944.

³²    DR 217.

³³    Adam I, 48f.

³⁴    DR 2 and 4, also for the following.

³⁵    DR 41 and 42. Dyggve 1942 and 1954 with earlier literaturę. Ex-cavations are still (1978) in progress in the church; cf. Krogh 1966 (but otherwise unpublished). Various authors in K. M. Nielsen 1974; also Christensen 1975 and Roesdahl 1975.

³⁶    Adam II, 28.

³⁷    Cf. Christensen 1969, 226f. and 230f., and Skovgaard-Pctersen 1977, 167f. and 170f. (Widukind III, 65).

³⁸    Hałd 1963.

³⁹    E.g. Thietmar VII, 36 and especially Adam II, 27f.

⁴⁰    Adam II, 39 and DR 55.

⁴¹    Moltke 1976, 253.

Chapter 3 RUNESTONES AND PEOPLE IN A CHANGING SOCIETY

¹    Most recent survcys are DR and Moltke 1976; cf. Nielsen 1969 for alphabets and recent datings.

²    E.g. Moltke 1976, 108f.

³    DRcol. 1013ff.

⁴    DR 202, 209 (Glavendrup) and 230 (Tryggevaelde; also ship-setting).

⁵    DR 26 (Laeborg) 29 and 34.

⁸ DR col. 1013ff.; DR 41 (Gorm’s stone).

⁷    DR 42 (Harald’s stone), and DR 2 and 4 (the ‘Knuba stones’).

⁸    DR col. 1013ff.; cf. DR 1 and 3 (the ‘Sven stones’) and 345 (probably King Knud).

⁹    Also DR 30 (Baekke 2, ofjelling-type).

¹⁰    DR 143, 264 (post ‘After Jelling’?) and 280; cf. the numerous eleventh-century Swedish stones of this kind, Jansson 1976, 93f., and Carlqvist 1977.

¹¹    DR col. 1013ff. and Moltke 1976, 269f.

¹²    DR 209.

¹³    E.g. Loyn 1962, various cntries, amongothers 189.

¹⁴    Discussion e.g. Skovgaard-Pctcrsen 1977, 194f.

¹⁵    DR 40.

¹⁶    DR 133.

^,7 DR 106 and 143.

¹⁸    DR 339.

¹⁹    DR 218 and 363 (province of Blekinge).

²⁰    DR 125 and 339.

²¹    DR 143.

²²    E.g. Aakjacr 1928, Nielsen 1945 and Ruprecht 1958. Cf. Ljunggren 1959 and Diiwel 1975 (some othcr titles, ‘landmand’, ‘bomand’, ‘bonde’, ‘landhyrde’ etc.).

²³    DR 109 (‘After Jelling’), 110 (Jelling) and 114 (Jelling). Cf. DR col. 932.

²⁴    DR 91 and 314.

²⁵    DR 1 and 3 (Svcn), 345 (Knud).

²⁶    Data: DR. Cf. descriptions of types ofinscriptions, col. 820f.

²⁷    DR 345.

²⁸    DR 295.

²⁹    DR 269.

³⁰    DR 280.

³¹    DR 279.

³²    DR 1.

³³    DR 291 (bomand); DR 338 (bonde); Ljunggren 1959, Diiwel 1975.

³⁴    DR 277.

³⁵    DR 294.

³⁶    DR 337.

³⁷    DR 314. Cf. DR 133 (Jclling-type, north Jylland; this ‘landmand’ is ‘best, and first’).

³⁸    DR 314 and 315 respectivcly.

³⁹    DR 295-7.

⁴⁰    DR 279 (‘didn’t flee at Uppsala’), 337 (‘lic in London’).

⁴¹    DR 334-5.

⁴²    DR 330.

⁴³    DR 318.

⁴⁴    DR 298.

⁴⁵    DR 1.

⁴⁸ DR 3.

⁴⁷    DR 6.

⁴⁸    DR 63.