3. It is helpful to think of the ankle and shoulder joints as balls as if the human body was a robot. The soles of the feet are not fiat but at an angle. The shoulders don't just come out at the sides. • They are connected to the neck at an angle at the front of the body as well. Notę that the calves bulge.
4. Think of the arms as moving on balls. Basically, shading depends on the direction of light. Refer to the shading on the flanks of (1). Remember that even the fingers should be shaded. Just by looking at the shading in (4), you can see how getting a feel for shading using (1) improves the drawing.
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