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ÿþ41. If N is the number of undecayed nuclei present at time t, then dN = R - »N dt where R is the rate of production by the cyclotron and » is the disintegration constant. The second term gives the rate of decay. Rearrange the equation slightly and integrate: N t dN = dt R - »N N0 0 where N0 is the number of undecayed nuclei present at time t = 0. This yields 1 R - »N - ln = t . » R - »N0 We solve for N: R R N = + N0 - e-»t . » » After many half-lives, the exponential is small and the second term can be neglected. Then, N = R/», regardless of the initial value N0. At times that are long compared to the half-life, the rate of production equals the rate of decay and N is a constant.

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