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SHORT NOTES

Jarosław Kłaczków, Protestanckie wydawnictwa prasowe na ziemiach polskich w XIX i pierwszej połowie XX wieku [The Protestant Press in the Polish Territories in the 19th and Early 20th Centuriesj, Toruń 2008, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, 456 pp., bibl., indexes, sum. in German, English, Ukrainian and Russian

The Protestants were the third largest Christian community in the Polish territories bctween the Third Partition of Poland (1795) and the outbreak of World War II (1939). They lived in many regions from Pomerania, Greater Poland, Mazuria, Upper Silesia, Teschcn Silesia (in which regions they constituted the majority or a significant minority of the population), through central Poland (Warsaw, Lodź) up to the eastern areas, including Volhynia and Wilno. They belonged to various Churches, the Augsburg Lutheran Church and the Reformed Church having the largest number of believcrs. There were also other Protestant churches in Poland such as, for instancc, the Adventists, the Baptists and the Methodists. The Protestants also differed from the national point of view, hav-ing Poles, Germans, Czechs, Ukrainians, Byelorussians and even Jews among their members.

The 19th and 20th century press of the Protestant communities has not yet been the subject of a monograph. Klaczkow’s book is a pioneering attempt. It is madę up of two parts. In the first, the author characterizes Protestant periodicals and calendars, dividing them into those published by the Lutheran, Calvinist and other churches. The second, a very valuable part, contains an alphabetical bibliography of Protestant periodicals from theyears 1822-1939. The bibliography comprises 356 press items published or circulated in Polish territories in the languages of the respective communities. Each item contains basie information on the publisher, on the place where the issues are kept, a short characterization of the content of each periodical and the subjects raised in its columns. Klaczko\v’s conclusions as well as the list compiled by him, based on his own search in Polish, German and Lithuanian archives and on the periodicals themselves, make interesting reading and broaden our historical knowledge. (MM)

Bernadetta Wójtowicz-Huber, ‘Ojcowie narodu’. Duchowieństwo greckokatolickie w ruchu narodowym Rusinów galicyjskich, 1867-1918 [‘The Fathers of the Nation’: Greek Catholic Clergy in the Galician Ruthenians’ National Movement, 1867-1918], Warszawa 2008, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 336 pp., ills., index of persons, series: Druga Europa

The work conducted by churches to spread national consciousness among the societies of East-Central Europę is a ąuestion which still requires profound research. The Fathers of the Nation’ is a monograph which presents the work carried out by the Greek Catholic clergy to modernize and awaken the Galician Ruthenians’ national consciousness. Wójtowicz-Huber concentrates on relations between Galician local societies and representativcs of two rival options: the