6781097486

100 Z. Kłos

Table 8. Environmental indexes for different means of transportation Tabela 8. Wskaźniki środowiskowe dla różnych środków transportu

Transportation means	Environmental index 1 tkm [Pt]
truck 28t	1.4E-04
truck 16t	3.4E-04
truck (in a city transport)	4.8E-04
railway (electric)	1.06E-04
railway (IC engine)	1.32E-04
barge	5.5E-05
Container ship	5.6E-05
coaster	2.0E-05
bulk carrier	3.4E-05
tanker	9.7E-05

4. Conclusions

Following conclusions can be drawn from this paper:

1)    The first research works were done based on available tools - SimaPro 4.0 and Ecoindicator 95. The results showed the usefulness of the tools and procedurę applied to evaluate analysed objects.

2)    Research results give a elear indication about which object is the most environment friendly one: PCGf02.

3)    It was confirmed that, in the case when an object works for a long time, (10 or morę years) the operation period creates dominating environmental burdens.

4)    The selection of construction materials concerning the environment should be based on two main criteria:

—    The influence of materials on the environment, defined by environmental indexes for materials and raw materials, and

-    The influences of technological processes on the environment, defined by environmental indexes for these processes.

5)    The presented example also shows the directions of LCA research started at PUT: first, the environmental analyses of technical objects, then, the creation of the databases concerning materials and different technology.

References

[1]    Life Cycle Assessment. A Guide to Approaches, Experiences and Information Sources. European Environmental Agency, Copenhagen 1998.

[2]    PN-EN ISO 14040:2000, Zarządzanie Środowiskowe - Ocena cyklu życia - Zasady i struktura.

[3]    Kłos Z., Kurczewski P., Kasprzak J„ Środowiskowe charakteryzowanie maszyn i urządzeń. Podstawy ekologiczne, metody i przykłady. Poznań, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej 2005.

Manuscript received by Editorial Board, December 01^st, 2008