7884079649

2013

Editor: KAŹMIERCZAK).

The average length of professional experience of the respondents was 12,71 years, which means that the answers are crucial for achieving the objective of research. The vast majority of laparoscopic surgeons are men (70 per cent of respondents). Most of the ąuestioned persons are above 36 years old. This fact is related to a smali number of young doctors particularly residents, i.e. people who actually specialize in a certain field of medicine. A specialization in generał surgery is not a popular specialization among young people because of the high degree of difficulty. General surgery, including laparoscopic surgery reąuires from the surgeon an extraordinary concentration during the entire procedurę and the necessity of making unforeseen decisions. In contrast to other kind of surgeries, like orthopedic surgery where the surgical procedures are performed in a schematic way and the result of the treatment depends on the mechanical accuracy of surgical activities, in generał surgery many times is not possible to work according to strict schemas.

Surgeons spend on average from 1 to 2 hours a day doing laparoscopic procedures. The most commonly performed laparoscopic procedures among surveyed doctors are treatments in the inframesocolic area, including cholecystectomy, i.e. removal of the gallbladder.

Laparoscopy is a rapidly expanding field of medicine, and the same execution of procedurę reąuires a solid and reliable preparation. According to the respondents the most important factors impacting on perfecting skills in laparoscopic surgery are:

-    performing as many procedures as possible,

-    the possibility of practical training based on working with medical simulators,

-    access to laparoscopic instruments allowing perform the staged procedures.

Furthermore the doctors paid attention to such aspects improving the professional skills as the exchange of experience and support from teammates side.

Almost all of surveyed surgeons took part in training in laparoscopy, where most of them assess them as the good and very good. However, these trainings usually applied only to the clinical issues. Unfortunately, in most cases, they have not been and are not related to aspects of ergonomics. Most of the surgeons have not participated in training activities to improve working conditions at laparoscopic surgery. This has negative conseąuences in unergonomic performing the procedures by them. Wherein, the way of surgery is a result of the components: activities resulting from a certain medical procedurę, as well as activities related to the preparation of a patient for surgery, and the organization of working conditions in an operating room. A modę of action of surgeons, including a way of adopting a specific body position, a way of moving, manner of communication, is shaped and fusing over many years of practice. There is a high probability that the change in technology, such as the ability of adjustment the height of operating beds to patient, mobility of devices, will not lead to changing the way of performing the surgery, which after many years has become routine for an experienced surgeon. There is therefore the necessity to educate the surgeons in the field of ergonomics and forming working conditions as ąuickly as possible i.e. already within medical studies and in the beginning of surgical practice. For experienced surgeons it is suggested to make attempts of changing their habits towards pro-ergonomic behavior and use of ancillary eąuipment to enforce an ergonomie way of acting.

Lack of knowledge of ergonomics (only less than 15 per cent of the respondents declared their competence in this area) and a specific way of performing laparoscopic

12

T