7884079664

2013

Editor: KAŹMIERCZAK).

that: „...surgeons could learn morę about motion study, time study, waste elimination, and scientific management from industries than the industries could learn from hospitals” [4],

The considerations signaled above have become a background to take in-depth reflection on ergonomics in the field of surgery, especially laparoscopic surgery.

The Aim of the paper is to present the results of preliminary studies on ergonomie needs within performing laparoscopic procedures, which will be the basis for the development of vocational training in rangę of: creating work conditions in the operating room and ergonomie handling of laparoscopic tools.

Preliminary studies were carried out on the basis of five hospitals, where are normally performed laparoscopic procedures. Research methods are survey research, where questionnaire was developed by the Instituto de Biomecanica de Valencia in Spain, the coordinator of the project "Vocational Training Online course on laparoscopy's ergonomics for surgeons and laparoscopic instruments' designers”, as well as free interviews, direct observation and analysis of the literaturę.

1.2 CHALLENGING AREAS OF CREATING WORK CONDITIONS IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES

Laparoscopic surgery is one of the rapidly developing fields of minimally invasive surgery and is now used in all areas of generał surgery [5],

The set used for laparoscopy include: trocars (tools for putting instruments into abdominal cavity), insufflator, visual track, which includes: video processor, light source, TV monitor, head, in addition diathermy and surgical tools to perform the surgery.

The popularity of laparoscopic methods is because of numerous benefits for patients. These are as follows:

-    reduced post-operative complications, such as fever or infection,

-    less pain,

-    shortnes hospitalization,

-    faster recovery time,

-    faster and less problematic healing of surgical wounds, better cosmetic results.

Despite the undeniable benefits for patients, laparoscopic surgery has brought certain negative conseąuences for surgeons, formulating in effect the ergonomie challenges in this area. These challenges can be located in five areas:

-    the first area is the ergonomics in posturę while performing laparoscopic procedures,

-    the second area is the ergonomics of working conditions and work organization in operating room,

-    the third area concerns the improvement of ergonomie laparoscopic instruments,

fourth area affects the mental aspects of the surgeons performing laparoscopic procedures,

-    the fifth area is the design of ergonomie specific products supporting the work of the laparoscopic surgeons.

The first area

Laparoscopic surgery has changed the way of surgeons interactions in the operating

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