7884079670

also inve nd channcl s of thc derni' increase of 1982; Krzemień 1 n.mechanism, mo Rotmcki and Bor

,w.vr.i₁wu.iiu...»and^/ć^ióuniain braided rivers.(Baumgart — Kola,    ,

ba*1983. 1985). Whereas the former ónes served as a basis for a rcconstruction of discharges (Rotmckńl983).theJctter ones werc uscd to learn the role of floods of vanous magnitudes by means of‘th£aefial; photograpbs (Baumgart - Kotarba 1985).

The works on the zonality of the relief-forming processes in thc Tatra Mts (Kotarba et ai. 1987) and in thc Khangai Mts in Mongolia (Kowalkowski and Starkel 1984) were of synthetic character.

^! The detail studics of the distribution of thc organie matter in the coniferous forest (Grabińska 1985), corresponding to thosc on thc productivity of thc forest and meadow ecosystems (Trampler et ai., 1983; Żurek 1984) were carried out independently. The monograph of the coniferous forests of Poland (Breymeyer, ed. in press) has becn submitted for publication.

The invcstigations of thc physical, Chemical and biological processes havc indicatcd that diffcrcnt typcs of land use may bring negative effects for the magnitude and quality of the rescftjrces. Waler circulation and transportation of the minerał materiał are subjected to a permanent acccleration. The importance of vartous forms of protection practiccs likc channclization, dam constructing, drainage of ficlds, intcnsificd forestation had becn also investigated and the negałi've results of thesc practicies, which make a chain of transformations causing the finał decrease of water, soil and other resources in our country, had been indicatcd.    ,,j

ifelrl

MACROSCALE STU Dl ES OF THE STATUS ANO CHANGES OF THF. F.NVIRONMFNT •

Thesc studics were carried out parallcly to thc dctailcd ones and conccntratcd on thc elaboration of the series of thc generał maps of Poland in the scalę of 1:300000 (maps were or will be printed in the scalę of 1:500000). Among thesc maps the geo-morphological (Starkel. cd. 1980) and hydrological ones (Galon, ed. 1980) were elaborated beforc 1980. The following two maps were completed in 1981-1985. The map of the potential vegetation shows the actual possibilities for a restoration of the natural habitats (W. Matuszkiewicz 1985). The map was accompamed by the detailed studies of the chosen forest communitics (Matuszkiewicz and Kozłowska 1984) and the field weeds. The map of the landscape typcs of Poland was elaborated by the group as weli, and it is mainly based on thc geomorphological-lilhological criteria (Kondracki and Richling, eds. 1984). This map is a continuation of the research initiated by Kondracki (1978). The elaboration of the maps of the present-day processes (Ra-dłowska. Bogacki and the team) presenting the spatial distribution of the intensity and conditioning of the Chemical and physical processes was started from the sheet Lublin.

The concept of the synthetic map stressing the dilTerentiation of the areas with the dominance of degradation and agradation (Bogacki and Zgorzclski 1985) was also elaborated. The map of thc changcs in thc chcmism of the present-day soils of Poland indicating the acidity of the soils eyen on the calcareous substratum (Kern 1984), is of substantial yąlue.

The group of J. Paszyński (Grzybowski ct al. 1985) is preoccupicd with thc elaboration ofThcjmap of thc.componcnts of thc radiation balancc in another scalę. The

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