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Almost every nation has a reputation of some kind. The
French are supposed to be amorous, gay, fond of champagne; the
Germans dull formal, efficient, fond of military uniforms and
parades; Americans boastful energetic, gregarious and vulgar. The
English are reputed to be cold, reserved, rather haughty people who
do not yell in the street, make love in public or change their
209
governments as often as they change their underclothes. They are
steady, easy-going, and fond of sport.
The English are a nation of stay-at-homes. There is no place
like home, they say. The fire is the focus of the English home. What
do other nations sit round? The answer is they don't. They go out to
cafes or sit round the cocktail bar. For the English it is the open fire,
the toasting fork and the ceremony of English tea. Even when
central heating is installed it is kept so low in the English home that
Americans and Russians get chilblains (>7=>1), as the English get
nervous headaches from stuffiness (704CH;82VABL) in theirs.
Apart from the conservatism on a grand scale, which the attitude
to the monarchy typifies, England is full of small-scale and local
conservatisms, some of them of a highly individual or particular
character. Regiments in the army, municipal corporations, schools and
societies have their own private traditions, which command strong
loyalties. Such groups have customs of their own which they are very
reluctant to change, and they like to think of their private customs as
differentiating them, as groups, from the rest of the world.
Speak on the differences of the English and the
Ukrainians. Are there any differences between our two peoples in:
appearance behaviour & manners
personality skills & experience
beliefs & opinions dreams & plans for the future
education way of dressing
tastes attitude towards other people
language & culture in socializing & communication
Answer the questions:
1. What do such differences reflect?
2. Can such differences (if any) prevent people from mutual
understanding?
3. What should be done to avoid misunderstanding among
peoples?
4. What s the role of governmental and non-governmental
organizations in development of friendly relationships
between countries with different state systems and
economics?
5. We often speak about human values common for people of
210
all nations and religions. What are these values? Why do we
consider them to be equally important for everybody?
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What s the difference between an American and a European
really? There's the rhythm of life of course but one can exaggerate
this. It isn t such a whirl as all that, not for the ordinary American
and not outside New York. Still there is all the time the urge for
action as opposed to reflection.
In Europe there are people who have lived in the same house
and been in the same job for twenty, thirty, forty years, and who
would hate to pull up their roofs and change to something new.
That's not the American way of life. They love change, they call it
"the spirit of adventure", a spirit that they think is more characteristic
of America than of Europe.
One often hears of the Englishman's reserve, how he likes "to
keep himself to himself; The Englishman thinks it is ill-mannered to
ask personal questions. The American doesn't feel that at all. The
Englishman prizes privacy, the American prefers sociability. The
Englishman's suburban house has its little garden with a hedge or a
fence all round it to shut him off from his neighbours. "The
Englishman's home is his castle". The American houses have no
hedges or fences separating them from the pavement or each
other.
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Global management expert, Andre Laurent, describes
German, British and French managers attitudes to management
careers as follows:
German managers, more than others, believe that creativity is
essential for career success. In their mind, successful managers
must have the right individual characteristics. German managers
have a rational outlook; they view the organisation as a co-
ordinated network of individuals who make appropriate decisions
based on their professional competence and knowledge.
British managers hold a more interpersonal and subjective
view of the organisational world. According to them, the ability to
create the right image and to get noticed for what they do is essen-
tial for career success. British managers view organisations
primarily as a network of relation-ships between individuals who get
things done by influencing each other through communicating and
negotiating.
French managers look at organisations as an authority
network where the power to organise and control others comes from
their position in the hierarchy. French managers focus on the organisation
as a pyramid of differentiated levels of power. They perceive the ability to
manage power relationships effectively and to work the system as
critical to their career success.
As companies integrate their operations globally, these different
218
national approaches can send conflicting messages to success-oriented
managers. Subsidiaries in different countries operate differently and
reward different behaviours based on their unique cultural
perspectives The challenge for today s global companies is to recognise
local differences, while at the same time creating globally integrated career
paths for their future senior executives.
There is no doubt the new global environment demands more,
not fewer, globally competent managers. Global experience, rather than
side-tracking a manager s career, is rapidly becoming the only route to
the top.
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making interaction
The Japanese
Emotions are Decisions are Face-saving is To reach agree-
valued but must made by the very important. ment in harmony
be hidden. Self group rather than Choice is often and consensus wi
cont-rol is highly indivi-duals. made to save -thout direct
valu-ed: no someone from pressure. This is
argumenta-tion. embarrassment. the reason why
Respect, pati- negotiations take
ence, modesty. much longer.
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Emotions are not Team work gives Face-saving does To be strong is
highly valued. input to decision not openly highly valued.
makers. matter. Choices Pressure tactics
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made quickly. cost/benefit Arguments are
basis. Little env made in an
phasis on status. impersonal &
facts based way.
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ship beneath the Try to win necessary. argumentation.
subject. argument before Often aggressive.
it begins.
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relationship. in making collaborative. problem like
decisions. gentlemen.
221
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decisions. gentlemen.
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sensitivity is partner's offers be emotional. restricted
highly valued. than make their Strict initiative. More
own. hierarchical rela- attention to
tionships general goals &
between less to tactics.
superiors and su-
bordinates.
The French
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arguing. options. interaction as prepared and win
Members are well as lively intellectual argu-
less indepen- debate. ment.
dent in making
decisions than
Ame-ricans.
The Arabs
Focus on the Avoid conflict. Group harmony. To establish trust
person. Never say NO . Much emphasis and build
on status. positive
atmosphere.
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