Eating disorders

Eating disorder

Eating disorders are conditions defined by abnormal eating habits that

may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment

of an individual's physical and mental health.

Eating disorders -- such as anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder

– include extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding

weight and food issues. Eating disorders are serious emotional and

physical problems that can have life-threatening consequences for

females and males.

Types of eating disorders



Anorexia Nervosa



Bulimia Nervosa



Orthorexia Nervosa



Pica



Trichophagia



Dermatophagia

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by

immoderate food restriction, inappropriate eating habits or

rituals, obsession with having a thin figure, and an irrational

fear of weight gain, as well as a distorted body self-perception.

It typically involves excessive weight loss and is diagnosed

approximately nine times more often in females than in males.

Signs and symptoms of anorexia
nervosa



Obvious, rapid, dramatic weight loss at least 15% under normal body weight



Amenorrhea, a symptom that occurs after prolonged weight loss



Obsession with calories and fat content of food



Preoccupation with food, recipes, or cooking



Food rituals



May engage in frequent, strenuous, or compulsive exercise



Perception of self as overweight despite being told by others they are too thin



Intolerance to cold and frequent complaints of being cold



Depression



Solitude



Dry hair and skin, as well as hair thinning



Fatigue



Rapid mood swings

Causes



Genetics



A combination of certain personality traits



Cultural and social pressures



Stressful life events

Treatment

Treatment for anorexia nervosa tries to address three main

areas:



Restoring the person to a healthy weight;



Treating the psychological disorders related to the illness;



Reducing or eliminating behaviours or thoughts that

originally led to the disordered eating.

Bulimia nervosa



Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge

eating and purging, or consuming a large amount of food in a

short amount of time followed by an attempt to rid oneself of

the food consumed, typically by vomiting, taking a laxative,

diuretic, or stimulant, and/or excessive exercise, because of

an extensive concern for body weight.

Signs and symptoms of bulimia
nervosa



Chronic gastric reflux after eating



Dehydration caused by frequent vomiting



Electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac arrest,
and even death



Oral trauma, in which repetitive insertion of fingers or other objects causes
lacerations to the lining of the mouth or throat



Infertility



erosion of tooth enamel



fixation on number of calories consumed



fixation on and extreme consciousness of weight



low self-esteem



low blood pressure



irregular menstrual cycle



constant trips to the bathroom



depression

Causes



Genetic,



psychological,



trauma,



family,



society,



cultural

Bulimia is likely due to more than one factor.

Treatment



Breaking the binge-and-purge cycle



Changing unhealthy thoughts and patterns



Solving emotional issues

Ortorexia Nervosa

Orthorexia nervosa is characterized by an obsession with avoiding
foods perceived to be unhealthy. It is important to differentiate between
healthy individuals who choose specific diets for any number of
reasons, and those who exhibit obsessive compulsive behavior that
leads to an unhealthy condition or lifestyle.

Orthorexics find themselves being unable to take part in everyday
activities. They isolate themselves and often become intolerant of other
people's views about food and health.



Thank You 