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5.1


EIGRP Fundamentals
 


 

5.1.2


EIGRP design
 








Even though EIGRP is compatible with IGRP, it operates quite
differently than its predecessor. As an advanced distance vector
routing protocol, EIGRP acts like a link-state protocol when updating
neighbors and maintaining routing information. The advantages of EIGRP
over simple distance vector protocols include the following:

Rapid convergence
EIGRP routers converge quickly
because they rely on a state-of-the-art routing algorithm called the
Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL). DUAL guarantees loop-free
operation at every instant during route computation and allows all
routers involved in a topology change to synchronize at the same
time.
Efficient use of bandwidth
EIGRP makes efficient use of
bandwidth by sending partial, bounded updates and it consumes
minimal bandwidth when the network is stable.



Partial, bounded updates
EIGRP routers make partial,
incremental updates rather than sending their complete tables.
This is similar to OSPF operation. However, unlike OSPF routers,
EIGRP routers send these partial updates only to the routers that
need the information. They do not send to all routers in an area. For this
reason, they are called bounded updates.
Minimal consumption of bandwidth when the network is stable

EIGRP does not use timed routing updates.
Instead, EIGRP routers keep in touch with each other using small
hello packets. Though exchanged regularly, hello packets do not
use a significant amount of bandwidth. 



Support for VLSM and CIDR
Unlike IGRP, EIGRP offers
full support for classless IP addressing by exchanging subnet masks in routing
updates.
Multiple network-layer support
EIGRP supports IP, IPX,
and AppleTalk through protocol-dependent modules (PDMs).
Independence from routed protocols
PDMs protect EIGRP
from painstaking revision. Evolution of a routed protocol, such as
IP, may require a new protocol module, but not necessarily a
reworking of EIGRP itself.

  









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