Dumu - the sweet thing

After watching this demonstration any reader who really doubts the fictitious nature of Sumerian must have his head examined.

The way a scribe created a new word in Sumerian was by chopping another Semitic word. I order to avoid detection the scribe usually used pure metaphors from any Semitic tongue.

ELA/ED IIIb/Nippur dumu al-sa₆ 

It means dumu [child] sa₆ [good] = a good child

Sumerian [[sag₉-ge]] = = SAG₉-GE = du-[um]-mu-qum 

We can see clearly the transfer of phonetic values from Akkadian = du-[um]-mu-qum [a sweet thing = a child] into the newly created Sumerian word dumu = child.

This table shows the spectacular and easy way of expanding the Sumerian language out of nothing.

The name dumu is one of the oldest Sumerian words. Akkadian scribes were not too careful covering their tracks. Sometimes they left huge prints like the word dumu [child] which clearly is a Semitic noun.

How about Sumerian grammar which is really silly:

ka-ĝu₁₀ ab-sag₉-ge = pi-ia ţa-a-ab [sweet mouth]

The scribe created the Sumerian word ab-sag₉-ge as he borrowed the Semitic syllable -ab from ţa-a-ab and placed it at the beginning of the Sumerian word as a prefix -ab.

sag [GOOD] (2955x: ED IIIb, Old Akkadian, Lagash II, Ur III, Early Old Babylonian) wr. sag₈;sag₉; sag₁₀; šeg₁₀; sag₁₂ "(to be) good, sweet, beautiful; goodness, good (thing)" Akk. banû; damāqu; dumqu; ţābu

See bar sag[please], igi sag[look at with favor], šag sag[feel better], ur sag[ameliorate].

[1]		sag8 (sa14)
[2]		sag9
[3]		sag10
[4]		šeg10
[5]		sag12 (sa7)

266 distinct forms attested; click to view forms table.

1. (to be) good, sweet, beautiful (2955x/100%)

~ LEX/Early Old Babylonian/Nippur [KA-zu] sag₉ an-tuk = su₂-ur-ra-am i-šu PBS 05, 142, pl. 122-3 [OBGT IIIA] iv 22=242; [KA]-zu sag₉ a-tuk = su₂-ur-ra-am-; a-na-ku i-šu PBS 05, 142, pl. 122-3 [OBGT IIIA] iv 23/4=243/4. LEX/Old Babylonian/Nippur ka-ĝu₁₀ ab-sag₉-ge = pi-ia ţa-a-ab PBS 05, 140 [OBGT XII] 14/15; ka-ĝu₁₀ ab-[sag₉]-sag₉ = [...]-imPBS 05, 140 [OBGT XII] 16/17; KA-zu sag₉ an-tuk = ri-dam i-šu OBGT IIIB v 10=242a;KA-zu sag₉ a-tuk = a-na-ku i-šu OBGT IIIB v 11=244a; KA-zu sag₉ e-tuk = ri-dam ti-šuOBGT IIIB v 12=245. LEX/Old Babylonian/unknown [[sag₉-ge]] = = SAG₉-GE = du-[um]-mu-qum OB Diri "Oxford" 592. ELA/ED IIIb/Girsu 1(u@c) sa₂-du₁₁ kas sag₈ VS 14, 159 o iii 5; 1(u@c) sa₂-du₁₁ kas sag₈ VS 14, 159 o i 4; 5(aš@c) sa₂-du₁₁ kas sag₈ VS 14, 159 o v 6. ELA/ED IIIb/Nippur dumu al-sa₆ TMH 5, 008 o i 2; 1(aš@c) zi₃ sag₈ lid₂-gaTMH 5, 162 o i 5; 2(ban₂@c) zi₃ sag₈ OSP 1, 081 o iii 3; 2(barig@c) zi₃ sag₈ OSP 1, 082 o i 2. ELA/ED IIIb/Umma [x dug kas] sag₈ Babyloniaca 8, HG 12 o i 1'; 1(diš) dug kassag₈ Babyloniaca 8, HG 12 8'; 1(diš) sa₂-du₁₁ kas sag₈ Babyloniaca 8, HG 12 3'. ELA/ED IIIb/unknown 1(aš@c) al-sa₆ Nik 1, 021 o ii 4; 1(aš@c) dug kas sag₈ Nik 1, 023 o i 2;1(aš@c) kas sag₈ Nik 1, 023 o i 9. ELA/Old Akkadian/Girsu 1(diš) na-ni-sa₆-ga kikken₂DAS 343 6; id₂ sa₆ dar-ra ITT 1, 01464 7; mu^!?-sa₆ RTC 131 1. ELA/Old Akkadian/Nippurda-sa₆ OSP 2, 102 r ii 5; 1(barig) 4(ban₂) da-sa₆ OSP 2, 109 1; he₂-sa₆-e OSP 2, 124 r ii 5. ELA/Old Akkadian/Umma sa₆-ma i₃-na-du₁₁ MAD 4, 017 4. ELA/Old Akkadian/unknownda-sa₆ MAD 4, 064 5; da-[sa₆] MAD 4, 069 4; 1(aš@c) da-sa₆ MAD 4, 081 2.ELA/Lagash II/Girsu 3(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ DCS 60 4; 1(ban₂) 5(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ DCS 60 6; 2(diš) 2/3(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ MVN 07, 099 1; 2(ban₂) la₂ 2(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ MVN 07, 099 4; 1(diš) 1/2(diš) [... zi₃] sig₁₅ MVN 07, 099 3. ELA/Ur III/Adab 1(aš) zi₃ sig₁₅gur MVN 03, 172 1; 2(u) zi₃ sig₁₅ MVN 03, 183 1; u₃ ziz₂ sig₁₅ gur MVN 03, 250 2.ELA/Ur III/Drehem 2(barig) 1(ban₂) zi₃ sig₁₅ x-[x] AUCT 1, 261 1; 1(u) 6(aš) 2(barig) zi₃sig₁₅ gur lugal AUCT 1, 658 1; 2(aš) zi₃ sig₁₅ gur AUCT 2, 114 1. ELA/Ur III/Girsu3(ban₂) zi₃ sig₁₅ lugal Amherst 017 o i 4; 3(aš) 2(barig) 3(ban₂) zi₃ sig₁₅ gur lugalAmherst 081 1; ga-sa₆-ga ASJ 02, 25 72 4. ELA/Ur III/Nippur ugula ba-a-sa₆-ga AUCT 1, 228 4; 2(diš) ^kuša-ga₂-la₂ zi₃ sig₁₅ BE 03/1, 076 3; 2(ban₂) zi₃ sig₁₅ 2(diš) sila₃ eša BE 03/1, 126 7. ELA/Ur III/Umma 1(diš) hu-un-sa₆ AAS 051 4; 5(ban₂) duh sag₁₀-ta Aevum 36, 228 1 4; duh sag₁₀-bi 2(u) 1(barig) 4(ban₂) gur Aevum 36, 228 1 6. ELA/Ur III/Ur in-ši-sa₆ UET 3, 0032 1; in-ši-sa₆ UET 3, 0032 1; i₃-sa₆-ga-a UET 3, 0048 3. ELA/Ur III/unclear 6(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ 2(ban₂) 4(diš) sila₃ zi₃ gu Atiqot 4, pl. 12 75 4; 6(diš) x1(diš) zi₃ sig₁₅ Atiqot 4, pl. 12 75 6; 6(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ 2(ban₂) 4(diš) sila₃ zi₃ Atiqot 4, pl. 12 75 2. ELA/Early Old Babylonian/unknown 1(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ BIN 09, 169 2; 3(diš)sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ BIN 09, 169 5; 1/3(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ BIN 10, 070 2; 1(diš) geš da-sa₆gid₂-bi 1/2(diš) ninda BIN 10, 193 6'; 2(diš) geš da-sa₆ gid₂-bi 1(diš) kuš₃ BIN 10, 193 7'. unknown/Old Babylonian/unknown [[sa₆]] = = SA₆ = ţa-bu RA 09, 77-78 ii 10; [[sa₆]] = = =el-lum RA 09, 77-78 ii 11. unknown/ED IIIb/Adab 3(u@c) 5(aš@c) ninda sag₈ OIP 014, 064 o i 2. unknown/ED IIIb/Girsu 2(aš@c) dug kas sag₈ DP 040 o v 6; 2(aš@c) dug kassag₈ DP 040 r i 5; 1(aš@c) dug kas sag₈ DP 041 o i 4. unknown/ED IIIb/Lagash dingir-bi^dlamma ša₆-ga BiMes 03, 26 v 3. unknown/ED IIIb/Nippur [x] nam-sa₆-ga ASJ 16, p. 43-46 prism xx 2. unknown/ED IIIb/unknown 1(u@c) ninda sag₈ OIP 104, 022 o i 23; 1(diš)ninda sag₈ OIP 104, 022 o ii 12'; 5(aš@c) [ninda] sag₈ OIP 104, 022 o iii 22.unknown/Old Akkadian/Nippur 3(u@c) zu₂-lum sig₁₅ gurdub₂ 1(barig@c) OSP 1, 083 o i 1; 2(u@c) zu₂-lum sig₁₅ gurdub₂ 1(barig@c) OSP 1, 083 o ii 4; 2(u) 5(aš@c) zu₂-lumsig₁₅ gurdub₂ 1(barig@c) OSP 1, 083 o i 5; 2(u) 2(aš@c) zu₂-lum sig₁₅ gurdub₂1(barig@c) OSP 1, 083 o ii 1. unknown/Old Akkadian/unclear ^gešbala-bi lam a₂ sa₆-ga-muha-am₃ OrNS 54, 057 8. unknown/Old Akkadian/unknown ur-e₂ sig₁₅ CST 008 o i 6.unknown/Ur III/Drehem 1(aš) 2(barig) 1(ban₂) duh sag₁₀-a gur Aleppo 008 2; 1(ban₂)5(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ Aleppo 341 7; 2(diš) sila₃ eša 2(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ Ontario 1, 005 3. unknown/Ur III/Girsu 4(diš) sila₃ mu-da-sa₆ AOAT 240, 77, 4 4; 4(diš) dug lah₅ sig₁₅ASJ 18, 166 8 ii 8; 3(ban₂) 3(diš) sa₆-ga-ni ASJ 19, 288 13 o i 22. unknown/Ur III/Nippur[...] 4(aš) 1(barig) zi₃ sig₁₅ gur BBVO 11, 257, 4N-T197 o ii 16; [...] 3(diš) sila₃ zi₃sig₁₅ BBVO 11, 257, 4N-T197 o iii 21; 1(ban₂) 5(diš) sila₃ [zi₃] sig₁₅ BBVO 11, 257, 4N-T197 o iii 32. unknown/Ur III/Umma 1(barig) ba-an-sa₆ DoCu 190 r ii 18; 1(barig) ba-an-sa₆ DoCu 190 o ii 11; 5(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ DoCu 235 1. unknown/Ur III/unclear 6(diš)sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ AAICAB 1/1, pl. 018, 1911-142 4; 2(diš) sila₃ zi₃ sig₁₅ SANTAG 7, 036 3. unknown/Ur III/unknown zu₂-lum sag₁₀-[bi ...] 4(diš) sila₃ gur MVN 15, 181 r v 1.

See: amar mašda sag; ana sag; bala sag; bisaĝ ninda sag; e bur sag; ĝiškim sag; inim ĝar sag;inim sag; kag bala sag; masab ninda sag; maš sag; munus sag; mušen sag; šu sag; šukin sag; udu sag.

2. goodness, good (thing)

Akk. banû "to be(come) good, beautiful"; damāqu "to be(come) good"; dumqu "goodness, good (thing)"; ţābu "good; sweet".

[2001] G. Marchesi, OrNS 70 314 n13.

[1991] I.J. Gelb, P. Steinkeller and R.M. Whiting, Kudurrus 105.

[1989] P. Steinkeller, SDU 155 wn441.

[1984] M. Powell, BSA 1 54.

See ETCSL: sag₉=to be good.

dumu [CHILD] (28245x: ED IIIa, ED IIIb, Old Akkadian, Lagash II, Ur III, Early Old Babylonian, Old Babylonian, Middle Babylonian, uncertain, unknown) wr. dumu; du₅-mu "child, son, daughter" Akk. māru

[1]		dumu
[2]		du5-mu (ES)

61 distinct forms attested; click to view forms table.

1. child, son, daughter (28245x/100%)

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