Recenzja Hafler DH 200 PL

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Wzmacniacz stereo

Hafler DH-200

100 WPC MOSFET

Made in USA (1979-1982)

© 2014 KenRockwell.com. Wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone.

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Zalecenia dotyczące użytkowania Więcej

Hafler DH-200 (moc znamionowa 100 watów na kanał przy 8 Ω, 11,8 funta / 11,8 kg,
zmierzona moc 75 watów na biegu jałowym, zużycie około

125 USD

).

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Tył, Hafler DH-200.

powiększyć

.

Sierpień 2014

Hafler recenzuje recenzje

audio

wszystkie recenzje

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Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

The Hafler DH-200 is a 100 watts-per-channel MOSFET class AB stereo
power amplifier. MOSFETs are solid-state devices that work on
principals more similar to vacuum tubes than bipolar transistors — and it
sounds great!

35 years ago when the DH-200 was introduced, it astounded the world
in having performance so high that it exceeded the abilities of most
laboratory equipment of its day. It was also reasonably priced, making
this Hafler amplifier astounding both for its incredible performance and
unheard of price.

Today I have the modern laboratory equipment to allow me to test
exactly how good is this 35-year old sample, which I purchased in 1988.
I also have an even older one that I built from a kit after getting it from
Santa Claus for Christmas in 1981. Both have served me well for all
these decades.

Like most made-in-USA audio gear, it easily outperforms its rated
specification. This 30-year-old sample easily put out 116 WPC
continuous and 164 W burst power into 8Ω.

The DH-200 was sold as a kit or fully assembled. The kits came with the
two amplifier modules completely assembled and tested; kit assembly
was assembling the case then wiring the power supplies, switches and
connectors together.

Assembled versions came with a full 1-year warranty, and the kits came
with a 1-year warranty on parts. In reality, I built a

DH-200

from a kit in

1981, and about 15 years later I had a small problem and phoned Hafler. They recognized
the problem and sent me two new transistors, free of charge. That fixed it and it's run
perfectly ever since.

The amplifier tested here was purchased used in 1986 in Thousand Oaks, and I'm testing
it today in 2014. It still easily exceeds its specifications nearly 30 years later, and I doubt
it's ever been serviced.

This amplifier is from the very pinnacle of home High Fidelity. Products got better and
better ever since home amplifiers were invented in the 1920s, but video took over home
entertainment by the late 1980s, and home Hi-Fi equipment never evolved past this stage.
Newer Hafler amplifiers, and the home audio market in general, has been neglected for
lack of interest ever since the VCR became affordable to everyone in the late 1980s.
There are newer amplifiers, but few are better than this Hafler DH-200.

David Hafler was one of the founders of Dynaco in 1954, and started the Hafler company
in 1977.

Circuit Design

It's a traditional class AB linear power amplifier in a sheet metal steel case.

It has a traditional unregulated linear power supply with a big power transformer in the
middle of the case, a bridge rectifier and two 10,000 µF 75V capacitors on which I
measure ±55 VDC.

The "loose" regulation of the power supply gives it much greater burst power than
continuous (perfect for music), and also means that power output doesn't completely
double as speaker impedance halves.

It has eight power MOSFETs (4 per channel) in TO-3 packages mounted to two big
anodized aluminum heat sinks on opposite sides of the case.

There's a neon pilot light in the power switch as well as a yellow overtemperatgure light on
the front.

Search all B&H

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The DH-200 has one 5 ampere 3AG slow-blow power-input fuse, and 5A 3AG fast-blow
fuses on the B+ and B- rails of each of the two power amp modules.

It has speaker fuses to protect your speakers from you doing something stupid. Most
amplifiers don't have speaker fuses. Unique to the DH-200, the speaker fuses are inside
the feedback loop to maintain high damping factor and null any sonic degradation form the
fuses.

Specifications

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

Output Power

Stereo

Less than 0.02% THD at any power level up to 100 watts per channel, both channels
driven continuously, from 20-20,000 Hz.

Audio Input

One stereo pair of 1/4" RCA jacks with individual potentiometers.

22 kΩ.

1.5 V RMS input for 100 watts into 8Ω.

Audio Output Connectors

Standard 5-way binding posts on standard 3/4" centers.

Total four pairs or 8 posts.

SMPTE Intermodulation Distortion

< 0.005% from 1 - 100 watts into 8Ω.

THD at 100 WPC into 8Ω

(typical)

1 kHz: 0.0015%

10 kHz: 0.005%

20 kHz: 0.012%

Frequency Response into 8Ω

10 - 40,000 Hz at 100 watts ±0.5 dB.

1 - 100,000 Hz at -3 dB at 1 watt.

Crosstalk

(typical)

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66 dB at 20 Hz.

66 dB at 1 kHz.

60 dB at 20 kHz.

Signal to Noise Ratio

>100 dB unweighted, referred to 100 watts.

Damping Factor

150 at up to 1 kHz into 8Ω.

50 at up to 10 kHz into 8Ω.

Rise Time

2.5 µS from 10% to 90% with a 60 V p-p 10 kHz square wave.

Slew Rate

30 V/µS with a 60 V p-p 10 kHz square wave.

Semiconductors

8 power MOSFETs: two pairs of complementary Hitachi 2SK134 and 2SJ49 lateral
MOSFETs per channel.

Each of these power MOSFETs was individually tested, graded and sorted by Hafler. Each
was stamped with a number from one to five and assembled accordingly into amplifier
modules.

26 transistors.

24 diodes.

4 Zener diodes.

1 bridge rectifier.

Power Input

120 VAC, 60 Hz (US version).

Rated 370 VA maximum, marked 600 W maximum.

Actual power consumption

is much less.

Quality

Made in the United States of America (Pennsauken, New Jersey).

Packaging

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Corrugated cardboard box.

Amplifier supported by cleverly multiple-folded inner corrugated cardboard insert.

Size

5-1/8 x 16 x 10-1/2 inches, HWD.

Weight

26 pounds (11.8 kg).

30 pounds (13.6 kg) shipping weight.

Price, USA

1979: $299.95 assembled (DH-200A), $199.95 as a kit (DH-200K). ($1,000 or $650
considering inflation in 2014.)

1980: DH-200A $429.95, DH-200K $329.95. ($1,125 or $875 considering inflation in
2014.)

1981: DH-200A $429.95, DH-200K $329.95.

2014: about

$125 used

.

Measurements

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

Gain

Input Levels

Channel Balance

Power Output

Damping Factors

Noise

SNR

DC Offset

Frequency Response

Square Waves

THD

DFD

Actual Power Consumption

4Ω Operation

These measurements were made with a

$50,000 Rohde & Schwarz UPL laboratory

analyzer

. The traces from the

Rohde & Schwarz UPL laboratory analyzer

are color coded

for the

Left Channel

and for the

Right Channel

. When they don't lie on top of each other,

it's due to channel imbalance. When they do lie on top of each other, the trace turns blue.

Unless otherwise specified, all measurements are RMS at 1 watt continuous output per
channel at 1 kHz with an 8 Ω load, both channels driven with 120 VAC 60 Hz supply.

Made on paddle-switch sample bought in 1986.

Gain

measurements

top

25.511 dB left, 25.412 dB right.

Input Levels

measurements

top

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Stereo 8Ω

150 mV for 1 W output.

480 mV for 10 W output.

1.51 V for 100 W output.

1.665 V for 120 W output at 0.1% THD.

2.0 V for 164 W output in 10mS bursts at clipping.

Stereo 4Ω

107 mV for 1 W output into 4Ω.

1.07 V for 100 W output into 4Ω (5A fuse limit).

1.41 V for 175 W output into 4Ω (beyond 5A speaker fuse limit; at 6.6A, a 5A AGC fuse
ought to last about 15 seconds before blowing).

1.91 V for 290 W RMS in 10mS bursts at clipping into 4Ω at 1 burst per second.

Channel Balance

measurements

top

The left channel has 0.0986 dB more gain than the right.

Power Output

measurements

top

All are continuous RMS measurements at 0.1% THD at 1 kHz into 8Ω with a 120 VAC
supply unless otherwise noted:

116 watts per channel into 8Ω, both channels driven continuously at 1 kHz at 0.1%
THD.

Burst Power

164 W into 8Ω at clipping in 10ms bursts of 1 kHz at one burst per second.

175 watts per channel into 4Ω, both channels driven continuously at 1 kHz at 0.1%
THD
(note: 5A speaker fuse will blow in about 15 seconds at 175 W into 4Ω).

Burst Power

290 W into 4Ω at clipping in 10ms bursts of 1 kHz at one burst per second.

Damping Factors

measurements

top

Output Source

Impedance

4Ω Damping

Factor

8Ω Damping

Factor

50

Hz

24.6 mΩ

163

325

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1

kHz

23.1 mΩ

173

346

20

kHz

69.4 mΩ

58

115

Output Noise

measurements

top

DH-200 noise spectral analysis.

A Weighted

Unweighted

Left

-84.2 dBV A

-75 dBV

Right

-74.9 dBV A

-66.6 dBV

Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)

measurements

top

88.6 dB A-weighted SNR (14.4 effective bits) referred to 1 watt into 8Ω (2.83 V or +9.031
dBV).

108.6 dB A-weighted SNR (17.7 effective bits) referred to 100 watts into 8Ω (28.3 V or
+29.031 dBV).

109.4 dB A-weighted SNR (17.9 effective bits) referred to 120 watts into 8Ω (31.0 V or
+29.82 dBV).

Output DC Offset

measurements

top

-0.85 mV left, -26.4 mV right.

Frequency Response

measurements

top

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DH-200 frequency response into 8Ω.

DH-200 frequency response into 8Ω, expanded scale.

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DH-200 frequency response into 8Ω, greatly expanded scale.

The two curves are separate due to an 0.1 dB channel imbalance.

Here's a closer look at the infrasonic response. I increased the value of the input coupling
capacitor in one of my samples of DH-200; I forget which one. This one is -3 dB at 0.9 Hz
and drops at about 12 dB/octave:

DH-200 infrasonic frequency response into 8Ω, 1 - 20,000 Hz.

Let's look out to 110 kHz:

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DH-200 ultrasonic frequency response into 8Ω, 10 - 110,000 Hz.

Not bad; -1 dB at 75 kHz.

This is driving an 8Ω resistor, which doesn't count in the real world. Let's see what it does
driving a real loudspeaker:

DH-200 driving an

8Ω resistor

and driving a

B&W Matrix 805

loudspeaker (

yellow

).

Marvelous, there's only a ±0.1 dB variation. The only reason there seems to be an 0.1 dB
overall difference is due to channel imbalance, not the different loads.

Square Waves

measurements

top

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50 Hz square wave. (

HP 209A

,

Tek TDS3052

,

Tek P6139A

.)

1 kHz square wave. (

HP 209A

,

Tek TDS3052

,

Tek P6139A

.)

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10 kHz square wave. (

HP 209A

,

Tek TDS3052

,

Tek P6139A

.)

50 Hz square wave driving a

B&W Matrix 805

loudspeaker. (

HP 209A

,

Tek TDS3052

,

Tek P6139A

.)

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1 kHz square wave driving a

B&W Matrix 805

loudspeaker. (

HP 209A

,

Tek TDS3052

,

Tek P6139A

.)

THD: 0.001% (-100 dB)

measurements

top

All these THD measurements are measuring pure distortion components only (THD only),
not noise and distortion (THD+N). THD+N numbers would be worse than THD alone
shown here.

Harmonic Distortion Components at 500 microwatts

DH-200 harmonic distortion content at 500 µW.

Perfect! even at nearly zero output (one-half of one one-thousandth of a watt), there's only
0.004% THD.

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Harmonic Distortion Components at 10 milliwatts

DH-200 harmonic distortion content at 10 mW.

At 10 milliwatts, where much of the inner detail of music lies, distortion is vanishing at only
0.001%. You can't get that from crappy

class-D amplifiers

!

Harmonic Distortion Components at 1 watt

DH-200 harmonic distortion content, 1 kHz at 1 watt, 8Ω load.

Magnificent, and the distortion is mostly musical second harmonic distortion, just like tube
amplifiers, but an order of magnitude or two less!

Harmonic Distortion Components at 100 watts

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DH-200 harmonic distortion content at 100 W.

Nearly no distortion at full power.

The right channel has extra second harmonic distortion in the range of about 10 W as
you'll see next; probably from wire routing errors.

THD versus Power into 8 Ω

DH-200 THD versus power output at 1 kHz, 8Ω load.

Curious about the greater distortion in the right channel between 1 W and 100W, i looked
into it and it's all second harmonic distortion, which might go away with careful rerouting of
the internal wiring. I didn't build this one, and Hafler cautions to follow the instructions
exactly otherwise audio wires routed incorrectly near power supply wires will lead to extra
distortion at higher power levels.

THD versus Frequency into 8 Ω

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DH-200 THD versus frequency at 1 watt, 8Ω load.

DH-200 THD versus frequency at 10 watts, 8Ω load.

19+20 kHz Difference-Frequency Distortion (DFD)

per DIN IEC 268-3 or 118:

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DFD at 1 W RMS total output.

The 1 kHz component is in the noise, excellent.

DFD at 10 W RMS total output.

The 1 kHz component is around -105 dB, which is superb.

The close-in 18 kHz and 21 kHz skirts are at -100 dB, which are also swell.

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DFD at 50 W RMS total output.

The 1 kHz component is at about -101 dB, which is excellent.

The close-in 18 kHz and 21 kHz skirts are at -90 dB, which are also swell at this high
power level.

Actual Power Consumption

measurements

top

The DH-200 runs moderately warm. It's always comfortable to touch and never gets hot if
well ventilated.

Output

Power Consumption

Efficiency

Power off

zero.

n/a

Idle, warm

75 W (0.86 A)

0%

1 WPC

83 W (0.96 A)

2.4%

10 WPC

148 W (1.67 A)

13.5%

100 WPC

388 W (4.1A)

51.5%

4Ω Operation

measurements

top

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Frequency response driving 4Ω.

We have 0.2 dB loss at 20 kc versus 0.1 dB at 8Ω. No big deal, obviously the output
source impedance rises a little at 20 kc.

THD driving 4Ω at 1 watt.

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THD driving 4Ω at 10 watts.

Compared

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

Compared to most (bipolar) transistor amplifiers, this MOSFET amp draws more power
and runs hotter at idle. Think of it as a larger class-A area, and that the FETs are operating
under similar principles to vacuum tubes — but with much higher performance.

The DH-200 of 1979 is David Hafler's first amplifier under his own company.

Next came the DH-220 (110 WPC) of 1982. The DH-220 was a slightly more powerful
version of the

DH-200

of 1979 (100 WPC). The DH-500 was the beastly 255 WPC version

that came next.

The DH-120 of 1984 was a smaller version of the DH-220.

The DH-220 and DH-120 have rounded heat sink fins which are much more comfortable
for carrying compared to the sharp, square fins if this DH-200. All perform excellently

All these amplifiers are 100% Made-in-USA and were sold both as kits or fully assembled.

I'm amused that even at 30 years old it easily outperforms modern state-of-the-art class D
amplifiers like the

Musical Fidelity M1PWR

.

This 30-year-old DH-200 has more power output, much less noise, much less distortion,
flatter frequency response, higher damping factors and better sound than a brand-new

M1PWR

. The only advantage to the

M1PWR

is that it draws less power at idle, but the

M1PWR

draws much more power when turned off. The DH-200 draws no power at all

when off.

The

ADCOM GFA-545 and GFA-545 II

are very similar to the DH-200, with similar prices,

audio performance, size, weight, appearance and power output. The

ADCOMs

are a little

newer and add some very dim clipping indicators, while these Haflers offer integrated
speaker fuses and sturdier construction. I don't find the clipping indicators as useful as
integrated speaker fuses, so I prefer these Haflers.

Usage

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

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Usage

Recommendations

More

There's a neon pilot light in the power switch.

It comes with 2-ampere speaker fuses. This is about right for most speakers. Use a
maximum of 5 ampere fuses for lab testing. On my desktop, I use 1 ampere fuses to
protect my ears as well as speakers if I do something stupid!

Recommendations

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

The DH-200 is a great amplifier.

I've been using mine for over 35 years to drive everything to my Quad ESL, ESL-63 and
B&W 801. For about

$125 used

today (see

How to Win at eBay

), it is far superior to most

new amplifiers costing far more

.

More Information

top

Intro

Specifications

Measurements

Compared

Usage

Recommendations

More

Hafler DH-200 Manual

.

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Measurements
(1981 rocker switch sample)

80W idle warm power consumption.

All measured driving an 8 Ω load at 1 Watt at 1 kHz unless otherwise stated.

All fed from the 5 Ω source impedance and measured with an

R&S UPL laboratory audio

analyzer

unless otherwise stated.

Maximum Output Power at 1 kHz into 8 Ω load

126W at 120.3 V AC power input at 0.1% THD (1.66V RMS input).

135W at 120.6 V AC power input at 1% THD (1.738V RMS input).

10 mS burst of 1 kHz (10 cycles) at 1 per second: 50V Pk = 35.3V RMS = 156W Pk at
122.1V AC power input. Burst Input level: 1.85 V RMS.

Gain: 25.6 dB (19.07x)

Measured at 1 kHz, 1 Watt output into an 8 Ω load:

Sample

Left

Right

rocker

25.450 dB

25.763 dB

This calculates out to 19.07x gain.

148 mV in is 1W out into 8 Ω.

1.48 V is 100 W out into 8 Ω.

Frequency Response: +0, -0.1 dB

1 Watt output into an 8 Ω load:

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Hafler DH-200 Frequency response, ±1 dB scale.

Note about 0.3 dB channel imbalance, otherwise, easily within +0, -0.1 dB from 10 Hz - 20
kHz.

Hafler DH-200 Infrasonic response, 0.1 Hz - 100 Hz.

-3 dB point: 0.53 Hz.

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Hafler DH-200 frequency response to 110 kHz.

-1 dB at 70 kHz.

-3 dB point in excess of 110 kHz, probably around 180 kHz.

DC offset: < 50mV

Left

Right

+29 mV

+48 mV

Noise: -83 dBV A

Hafler DH-200 Output noise spectrum.

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As fed from a 5 Ω source impedance, the Hafler DH-200 has more noise than an

ADCOM

GFA-545 II

, but I've still never heard it, even with my head held to a loudspeaker.

A-weighted noise:

Left

Right

Input fed from 5 Ω source
impedance

-81.2 dBV

-84.9 dBV

No input connection

-73.8 dBV

-77.6 dBV

Unweighted noise:

Left

Right

Input fed from 5 Ω source
impedance

-77.8 dBV

-68.7 dBV

No input connection

-76.0 dBV

-57.9 dBV

Distortion: 0.0005% THD

THD

THD versus frequency, Hafler DH-200.

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THD versus power level, Hafler DH-200.

Note extended scale to 0.0003% THD.

THD at maximum output levels: Hafler DH-200.

SMPTE IMD

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11/18/2019

Recenzja Hafler DH-200

https://www.kenrockwell.com/audio/hafler/dh-200.htm

27/30

SMPTE IMD, Hafler DH-200.

19+20 kHz DFD

DFD at 1 Watt RMS, Hafler DH-200.

Difference-frequency distortion is extremely low at -104 dB, while a typical amp is at -90
dB.

background image

11/18/2019

Recenzja Hafler DH-200

https://www.kenrockwell.com/audio/hafler/dh-200.htm

28/30

DFD at 50 Watts RMS, Hafler DH-200.

Exceptionally good performance at -100 dB. A typical amp might be around -95 dB here.

Driving a pair of B&W Matrix 805

Frequency Response

Hafler DH-200 driving a pair of

B&W Matrix 805

at 100 milliWatts.

Extremely enlarged vertical scale.

THD

background image

11/18/2019

Recenzja Hafler DH-200

https://www.kenrockwell.com/audio/hafler/dh-200.htm

29/30

Hafler DH-200 driving a pair of

B&W Matrix 805

at 100 milliWatts.

Distortion at low power seems to rise from levels seen at 1 Watt above driving a resistive
load, however these readings are a result of the amplifier's noise at a lower power level.

My ears prefer not to tolerate driving the

B&W Matrix 805

at 1 watt with sine waves in the

lab; even at 100 milliWatts its louder than I'd prefer.

Damping Factors and Output Impedances

Output Impedances

Left

Right

50 Hz

59 mΩ

29 mΩ

1 kHz

61 mΩ

29 mΩ

10 kHz

98 mΩ

46 mΩ

20 kHz

160 mΩ

85 mΩ

Damping Factors at 8Ω

Left

Right

50 Hz

136

280

1 kHz

131

272

10 kHz

82

172

20 kHz

50

94

Method and raw data

Spadek napięcia przy zastosowaniu obciążenia 8 Ω:

Lewo

Dobrze

50 Hz

-0,0635 dB

-0,0310 dB

1 kHz

-0,0665 dB

-0,0319 dB

background image

11/18/2019

Recenzja Hafler DH-200

https://www.kenrockwell.com/audio/hafler/dh-200.htm

30/30

10 kHz

-0,1061 dB

-0,0503 dB

20 kHz

-0,1718 dB

-0,0920 dB

Źródło R = (stosunek obciążenia do tłumienia R) - obciążenie R.

Sierpień 2014 r


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