ALKANES, CYCLOALKANES AND ALKENES

1. Give an IUPAC name of each of the following alkanes

a) b) c) d)

e) f) g) h)

2. Write a structural formula for each of the following compounds:

a) 3-ethylhexane f) dicyclopropylmethane

b) 6-isopropyl-2,3-dimethylnoneane g) cyclobutylcyclopentane

c) 4-tert-butyl-3-methylheptane h) 2,2-dimethylbutane

d) 4-isobutyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane i) 1-bromo-6-ethyldecane

e) sec-butylcycloheptane j) (2,2-dimethylpropyl)cyclohexane

3. How many structural isomer forms cyclopentane (C₅H₁₀) and cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂)?

 Give the structures and IUPAC names and common names of all C₄H₉- alkyl groups and identify them as 1^o 2^o, 3^o alkyl groups as appropriate.

5. How many mono-, di-, and trichloroderivatives are possible for cyclopropane?

6. Write balanced equation for oxidation of n-butane.

7. Draw structures of all products expected from monobromination of following compounds at room temperature:

a) n-pentane b) methylcyclopentane c) 2,2,4-trimethylhexane d) cyclobutane

8. Draw structures of all products expected from monochlorination of following compounds at room temperature:

a) n-butane b) 2-methylbutane c) 2,2,4-trimethylhexane d) 1,1-dimethylcyclobutane

9. Write products of reaction cyclopropane with:

a) Ni/H₂ b) Cl₂/FeCl₃

10. Draw possible structures of chair conformation of all possible isomers for dimetylocyclohexane. Indicate which isomer is the less stable, and identify the reason for its decreased stability.

11. Name each of the following isomers:

a) b) c)

12. Identify the more stable stereoisomer in each of the following pairs and give the reason for your choice:

1. cis- or trans-1-isopropyl-2-methylcyclohexane

2. cis- or trans-1-isopropyl-3-methylcyclohexane

3. cis- or trans-1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexane

4. 
   

5. 
   

13. Draw structural formulas of:

1. 1,1-dibromo-4-methylcyclohexane

b) trans-2-chloro-1-methylcyclobutane

14. Give the structural formula of:

2,3-dimethyl-2-butene 1,4-pentadiene

3-bromo-2-methylpropene (Z)-1,3-pentadiene

(Z)-2-methyl-3-heptene (E)-2-butene-1-ol

(E)-2-chloro-2-butene 4-methylcyclopentene

15. Name each of the following using systematic IUPAC nomenclature:

a) b) c) d) e) f)

g) (CH₃)₂C=C(CH₃)₂ h) (CH₃)₃CCH=CH₂

i) (CH₃)₂C=CHCH₂CH₂CH₃ j) CH₂=CHCH₂CH(CH₃)₂

16. Provide the structural formula of:

a) 2,3-dibromo-2-butene e) vinyl bromide

b) (E)-1,3-pentadiene f) allyl chloride

c) (Z)-2-chloro-2-butene g) tert-butyl bromide

d) 4-methylcyclohexene h) neopentyl chloride

17. Give structures of alkenes expected from dehydrohalogenation by strong base of:

1. 1-chlorobutane

2. 2-chloro-2-methylbutane

3. 2-bromopentane

4. 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane

5. 1-bromo-2-methylcyclohexane

6. 2-bromo-2,3-dimethylbutane

Zajcew rule: in dehydrohalogenation the preferred product is the alkene that has the greater number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly-bonded carbon atoms

18. Determine the configuration of the following alkenes (Z or E):

1. b)

c) d)

19. Write the structure of the principal organic product formed in the reactions of styrene (phenylethene) with each of the following:

1. HBr

2. HCl / peroxides

3. H₂SO₄ / H₂O

4. 1) BH₃, 2) H₂O₂/ NaOH

5. H₂ / Pt

20. Write the structures of products forming in the reaction of isobutylene with:

1. H₂O / H⁺

2. Cl₂ / H₂O

3. H₂SO₄ (dimerization)

4. 1) (CH₃COO)₂Hg / H₂O 2) NaBH₄

5. KMnO₄ / H₂O

6. 1) O₃ 2) Zn, H₂O (ozonolysis)

21. Using cross formulas decide which of the following compounds are chiral, draw models of their enantiomers

a) 1-bromobutane b) 2-bromobutane c) 2,3-dibromobutane d) 2,2 dobromobutane

22. Draw and specify as R and S the enantiomers of:

1. 2-bromohexane

2. 3-chloroheptane

3. 3-chloro-1-butene

4. 3-bromo-4-methyl-1-pentene

5. 1-bromo-1-chloroethane

6. 1-bromo-1,2-dichloropropane

7. tartaric acid

8. trans-1-bromo-2-chlorocyclopentane

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