• 1.Eudiometer
  An instrument for measuring changes in volume for example during the combustion of Gaze.¹ Depending on the reaction that is being measured, the device can take on a variety of forms, and is most commonly found in two sizes: 50 mL and 100 mL. It is closed at the top end with the bottom end immersed in water or mercury. The liquid is pushed from eudiometer so pressure difference balances, this process is necessary to measure volume. For some reactions, two platinum wires are placed in the sealed end so an electric spark can be created between them. The electric spark can initiate a reaction in the gas mixture and the graduation on the cylinder can be read to determine the change in volume resulting from the reaction.²

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Eudiometr gr eúdio(s)- clear or mild, -meter meaning "measure". Because the eudiometer was originally used to measure the volume of oxygen in the air.³

2.Explosimeter

a device for measuring the concentration of potentially explosive fumes. When a percentage of the lower explosive limit (LEL) of an atmosphere is exceeded, an alarm signal on the instrument is activated. "Explosimeter" is a registered trademark of MSA. A sample of gas is drawn into the sample chamber using the hand pump. Any combustibles land on the surface of the hot wire and burn increasing the temperature of the wire Thereby increasing the resistance. This causes an imbalance in the Wheatstone bridge arrangement indicated on the display. This display is scale in percent lower explosive limit most of explosimeters are calibrated for hydrocarbons. The device, also called a combustible gas detector4

note:

MSA's Website

http://www.msa-poland.com/index.php?id=1&L=20

Wheatstone bridge- A device used to measure the electrical resistance of an unknown resistor by comparing it with a known standard resistance. This method was first described by S. H. Christie in 1833. ⁵

3.Elektroscope

An electroscope is an early scientific instrument that is used to detect the presence and magnitude of electric charge on a body. It was the first electrical measuring instrument. The first electroscope, a pivoted needle called the versorium, was invented by British physician William Gilbert around 1600.The pith-ball electroscope and the gold-leaf electroscope are two classical types of electroscope that are still used to demonstrate electrostatics.⁶

4.Electrometer

An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference. There are many different types, ranging from historical hand-made mechanical instruments to high-precision electronic devices. Modern electrometers based on vacuum tube can be used to make voltage and charge. A simpler but related instrument, the electroscope, works on similar principles but only indicates the relative magnitudes of voltages or charge⁷

5.ECC, electrocardiocorder, electrocardiographic monitor

An instrument used in the detection and diagnosis of heart abnormalities that measures electrical potentials on the body surface and generates a record of the electrical currents associated with heart muscle activity. Also called cardiograph.⁸⁹

electrocardiogram

6.ergometer

An instrument for measuring the amount of work done by a muscle or group of muscles.¹⁰

7.ebulliometer

the measurement of the boiling point of liquids, was invent by Wojciech Swietoslawski, The name ebulliometer has its roots in the latin word "ebullio" : meaning to boil.¹¹ An ebulliometer apparatus consists of

-A chamber to hold the liquid whose boiling point is to be determined
-A condenser (reflux), to continually condense the vapour generated,
-A special, precision thermometer (Churchward), calibrated in 0.02oC with a range of 95 - 115oC

-A heat source such as a spirit (alcohol) burner.
-A heat chimney
-An outlet tap to allow removal of tested liquid.¹²

8.electrocorticography

An instrument that is using in technique of recording the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex by means of electrodes placed directly on it. . ECoG may be performed either in the operating room during surgery (intraoperative ECoG)

or outside of surgery (extraoperative ECoG). Because a craniotomy (a surgical incision into the skull) is required to implant the electrode grid, ECoG is an invasive procedure.^{13 14}

9.electrical conductivity meter

is a measure of the ability of water to conduct an electric current and depends on:

-Concentration of the ions Temperature of the solution (high temperature, higher EC)

-Specific nature of the ions (higher specific ability and higher valence, higher EC)

-Conductivity changes with storage time and temperature.

The measurement should therefore be made in situ (dipping the electrode in the stream water). The determination of the electrical conductivity is a rapid

and convenient. Commonly used in hydroponics(landless cultivation plants), aquaculture(aquatic organism husbandry)and freshwater systems to monitor the amount of nutrients, salts or impurities in the water.¹⁵

10.electric meter

a meter for measuring the amount of electric power used. An electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine. Electricity is a clean, convenient way to deliver energy. The electricity meter is how electricity providers measure billable services. When used in electricity retailing, the utilities record the values measured by these meters to generate an invoice for the electricity. They may also record other variables including the time when the electricity was used.^{16 17}

note:

how to slow your electric meter

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXIWAipEvjQ

1 http://technika.krzyzowki.info/eudiometr

2 http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-eudiometer.html

3 http://www.yourdictionary.com/eudiometer

4 http://www.marineengineering.org.uk/Default.htm

5 http://www.answers.com/topic/wheatstone-bridge

6 http://www.engr.uky.edu/~gedney/courses/ee468/expmnt/escope.html

7 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-electrometer.htm

8 http://www.targimedyczne.pl/pl,12,211,0,elektrokardiografy_ekg.htm

9 http://www.yourdictionary.com/medical/electrocardiograph

1 0 http://www.answers.com/topic/ergometer

1 1 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-ebulliometer.htm

1 2 http://www.monashscientific.com.au/Ebulliometer.htm

1 3 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/electrocorticography

1 4 http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?electrocorticography

1 5 http://www.rrcap.unep.org/male/manual/national/12Chapter12.pdf

1 6 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/electric+meter

1 7 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/electric+meter

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