Sum-up exercises in descriptive grammar:

1. Divide the following words into morphemes.

a) barefoot

b) departing

c) unlikeable

d) unlikely

2. Identify if the suffixes in the following words are inflectional
or derivational:

a. happiness

b. unkind

c. freedom

d. flowers

e. brotherhood

3. Identify the root in the words by underlining it and state which syntactic category it belongs to.

a. stamps

b. politeness

c. searched

d. linguistics

e. eraser

f. neighbourhood

4. On the basis of the description, state what it refers to.

1) It is a graphical representation of phrase structures- …………………………………..
2) It can consist of an article and a noun; an article, an adjective and a noun; a proper noun;

……………………………………………………………………………………………
3) It will always consist of one constituent. Its form depends on the features
of the noun. ……………………………………..
4) It is realised by the formation whose central element is a verb. Subject can’t exist without a verb and reversely.

5. Provide examples of verb groups with sentences as illustrations of them.

6. What are the semantic roles? ………………………………………………………….

7. Identify if it is an example of antonymy/synonymy/converseness/hyponymy
or polysemy:

a) arrive/depart

b) sell/buy

c) purchase/buy

d) mouse/rodent

e) get/become

8. Identify which linguist is it?

1) He proposed that linguistics should concern itself with the shared social code, the abstract system, called langue, leaving aside the particular actualities of individual utterance, which he called parole. According to him, language was a collective body of knowledge, acquired by all members of the community of speakers.
......................................................

2) A linguist who regarded language sounds as structural entities, rather than mere physical phenomena, and thus anticipated the modern linguistic concern with language structure. His long teaching career in eastern European universities began in 1871 and included professorships at the universities of St. Petersburg (1900–14) and Warsaw.
.................................................................

3) ………………………… developed after 1930. Phonology (the study of sound systems) and morphology (the study of word structure) are their primary fields of interest. Little work on semantics has been done by structural linguists because of their belief that the field is too difficult or elusive to describe.

4) There are many different kinds of generative grammar, including transformational grammar as developed by ………………………………………………………………………

mere physical phenomena, and thus anticipated the modern linguistic concern with language structure. His long teaching career in eastern European universities began in 1871