UNIT 2
1. Not a single tear appeared in her eyes when I threatened to tear her favourite dress .
2. When the king approached the knight he put down his bow and gave him a deep bow.
3. He used to drive a used car.
4. She wound a piece of cloth round the wound.
5. It wasn’t fair to desert a friend in the desert.
6. He seemed to be content with the content of the book.
7. I refuse to store this heap of refuse in my backyard.
8. It took him a minute to pick up all the minute particles.
9. These stairs lead to a heavy lead door.
10. Stand close to me and close your eyes.
What word means speedy and also means to go without food?
What word means someone who likes you and is also a device to stir up air?
What word means did fall and also means to cut down a tree?
What word means did feel and is also a type of cloth?
What word means fine quality and is also the money paid as punishment?
What word means suitable and is also a sudden attack?
What word means solid or hard and also is a business or company?
What word means beautiful, honest and is also a bazaar?
What word means a banner and also means get tired?
What word means smooth and is also used in British English for an apartment?
What word means rapid and is also a group of ships?
What word means both the act of flying and the act of fleeing?
What word means to struggle and is also a kind of fish?
What word means to move through the air with wings and is also an insect?
What word means a lucky stroke and also means a kind of fish?
What word means to prevent carrying out plans, a thin metal sheet, and a long narrow sword?
What word means to bend over itself and is also a pen for sheep?
What word is part of the body and also means to prepare for trouble?
What word means to set up or establish and also means did find?
What word means bold talk, is a man's name and also is a hot dog?
What word means to fight and also means to become ragged?
What word means young fish and also means to cook in a shallow pan?
What word means to melt together and is also a slow burning wick?
Study the grammar section on page 38 before you make a go at this task.
Replace the underlined parts of the sentences withphrases that contain the words given in block capitals.
If he hadn’t played truant so often he wouldn’t have to repeat the year.
ABSENT
Answer
In this school, if you play truant you will be expelled.
LEADS
Answer
She won’t be promoted if she doesn’t hand this project in by Monday.
HANDS
Answer
If he leaves school by the age of 16 he will surely be disinherited by his ambitious father.
DROP
Answer
If she weren’t so bored and obstinate ,she would have achieved more.
BUT
Answer
No matter how hard she tries, she is nothing more than a secretary.
PERCEIVED
Answer
Disillusioned as she may be, she doesn’t criticize the management.
CRITICAL
Answer
Because I didn’t deliver the report on time I was reprimanded by my boss.
FAILING
Answer
If he won a scholarship to Oxford, I’d be overjoyed.
WERE
Answer
Had it not been for bullies, I might have liked my previous school.
BULLIED
Answer
This task is a combination of forming derivatives and paraphrasing.
Form appropriate words from those underlined in order to complete the sentences correctly. Do not leave the underlined words unchanged.
Example: Relations between the two countries have deteriorated considerably.
There has been considerable deterioration of relations between the two countries.
1.You benefit from exercise, but it needs to be repeated.
Answer exercise is Answer to your health.
2.You need to have strong muscles to go in for such sports.
Such sports require Answer Answer.
3.She seemed to be content that the match had been postponed because of the rain.
Much to her Answer the rain brought about the Answer of the match.
4.His lawyers are so efficient that the new agreement will be put into effect next week.
Thanks to his lawyers’ Answer , the new agreement will become Answer next week.
5.Devoted to water sports for years, they became world champions.
They owed their world Answer to being water sports Answer for years.
6.It came as a shock that he was punished so severely.
I was shocked at the Answer of the Answer .
7.Such incidents result in pupils being detained after school or even excluded from school.
Such incidents lead to either Answer or even worse Answer from school.
8.He was expelled from school for having failed to comply with the school regulations.
His Answer to comply with the school regulations resulted in his Answer from school.
9.The job requires employees to remain courteous no matter what a customer might say.
One of the job’s Answer is Answer towards customers.
10.He feels offended whenever they say he is immature.
He takes Answer whenever his Answer is questioned.
Before you attempt this task, do exercises 43 and 44 from page 40.
You will need some of the adjectives with appropriate prefixes to complete the sentences below.
Please, ascertain that you know how to pronounce the adjectives.
1. All of a sudden he was overcome by a/an Answer urge to kiss her.
2. He mastered the ability to read and write, but his father remained Answer all his life.
3. Her aloofness makes her seem even more Answer .
4. His Answer visits to the dentist resulted in the loss of all his molars.
5. I can’t make out the last two words in his farewell letter. They are simply Answer.
6. I’m afraid nothing can be done about it. The president’s decision is Answer.
7. Pupils with Answer minds are likely to cause problems.
8. She stood there, Answer , petrified with fear.
9. She was ostracized by the residents, who openly expressed their indignation at her running the most Answer bar in the neighbourhood.
10. Some of the students are so Answer from their studies that they only turn up at the end of the semester.
11. The bank manager insists that the interest on our loan be Answer.
12. The king hid inside a tree trunk, Answer to his enemies.
13. The teacher has often complained about his pupils being Answer of all his efforts.
14. The thickness of the walls made her cries for help Answer .
15. Then the screen went blank and the internet got Answer .
16. We couldn’t use this evidence in court as the judge ruled it as Answer .
Here are a few examples of collocations with the transitive (followed by an object) verb "raise" taken from the textbook.
page 32 "raise the issue of quality of today's education"
page 33 "the money raised will be used to build a second library"
In each of the following collocations, replace the verb RAISEwith their synonyms. Think up your choice of alternatives carefully as each of them can be used only once.
Raise a laugh / a smile Answer
Raise a family Answer
Raise pigs Answer
Raise wheat Answer
Raise prices Answer
Raise a question Answer
Raise a monument Answer
Raise money / funds Answer
Raise an army Answer
Raise one’s spirit Answer
Raise one’s voice Answer
Raise an objection Answer
Raise an embargo Answer
Raise a rebellion Answer
Raise the alarm Answer
Raise a finger Answer
Raise eyebrows Answer
Raise the devil / the roof / hell / Cain Answer
Raise to the rank of captain Answer
Raise somebody Answer
Having completed successfully exercise 45 from page 40, continue with this exercise.
Find one word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
1. Answer
By most of his relatives, he is ____________________ as being unreliable and disloyal.
Being ____________________ from his previous post, I do not think he will find a new one easily.
Having found out about his infidelity, she instantly ___________________ his proposal of marriage.
2. Answer
He left the car in the driveway with the engine _____________ .
She stood in front of the mirror ______________ her slender fingers through her golden hair.
The constant pressure of _________________ the department brought him to the verge of a nervous breakdown.
3. Answer
She seems to be ____________________ knowledge about his real intentions.
She fails to see that her fiancé is _____________in intelligence.
They eat too much food ___________________ in essential nutrients.
4. Answer
At the __________________age of sevenI became painfully aware of myparents drifting apart.
Keep simmering it until the veal is _______________.
How many countries have the dollar as legal____________________ ?
5. Answer
His grades have ________________ lately.
How many students have ____________________ out this semester?
Only after the wind __________________ did we see the extent of the damage.
6. Answer
In the last history class we were tested on the ________________ events ofthe twentieth century.
He is always playing out of _______________ .
It will appear on the screen only when you _______________ in your password.
7. Answer
As most of the _____________ cities, it is full of dilapidated buildings badly needing repair.
She easily yields to her parents’ domineering nature, but her __________ self craves for more freedom.
If I don’t accept the post, I won’t be able to experience the _____________ workings of the company.
8. Answer
The audience went wild the moment the pianist played the opening _________ of the concerto.
Before they died they both left suicide _________________ .
Then she enters the bedroom and ______________ a blood-stained knife on the bedside table.
9. Answer
I don’t think she ____________ herself with such a minor position.
The _______________ of her vanity case spilled onto the floor.
You should begin your paper with a table of _____________ .
10. Answer
Suddenly he was seized with a _______________ of coughing.
The children didn’t expect their father to be as ______________ as a fiddle.
I gasped in delight. The supper they served us was ______________ for a king.
Each pair of sentences contains the same word in the same form. Fill the blanks with one word only.
1. Answer
a) The first mill _________________ on sails and the other was powered by electricity.
b) Before the lecture she quickly _______________ through her notes.
2. Answer
a) They somehow managed to ________________ a living selling fruit from their garden.
b) First wash and ______________ the vegetables, and then chop them up.
3. Answer
a) There is more to being a wife than doing the housework and ______________ children.
b) A few TV celebrities toured the country _______________ money for the victims of the recent floods.
4. Answer
a) If she doesn’t train harder she might not be able to _______________ the title she won last year.
b) Polyester fabrics do not _______________ water.
5. Answer
a) I wish our upstairs neighbours wouldn’t _______________ on the floor.
b) Some managers like to ______________ their authority.
6. Answer
a) They had to brace themselves to ________________ the fury of the storm.
b) On leaving Dublin Mark had to ________________ criticism from his mother and pals.
7. Answer
a) She was wearing an open-necked blouse and _________________ trousers, which had been out of fashion for at least a decade.
b) They didn’t seem to get along with each other as rows ______________ every day.
8. Answer
a) She was totally ______________ aback by the size of the wedding cake.
b) By criticising her boss’s decisionshe’s certainly _________________ the risk of losing her job.
9. Answer
a) As soon as he has _______________ a full recovery, he’ll go back to work.
b) The old lady ______________ her way to the entrance.
10. Answer
a) In Cockney rhyming dialect ‘half-______________’ is used instead of ‘pinch’.
b) At rush hours the children loved to sit in the window and watch traffic __________ forward.
11. Answer
a) Young people tend to listen to music at top ___________________.
b) She reached for the first _______________ of the encyclopedia.
12. Answer
a) _________________ herself so hard, she is bound to have a nervous breakdown.
b) Not doing a stroke of work, he is really ___________________ us mad.
Put the correct preposition into each gap.
When my grandmother was at school, she had to learn everything Answer heart, and even years later she could recite countless poems Answermemory. She was discouraged Answer thinking Answer herself, and concentrated simply Answer learning facts. The teachers were very strict Answerpupils in those days. My grandfather confided Answer me that he was expelled Answer school Answer playing truant just once.
It is always worthwhile for governments to invest Answer education. Nobody should be deprived Answer a good education, and everybody should benefit Answer it. Nothing can compensate Answer a bad start in life. Pupils Answer public schools still account Answer many of the students at Oxford and Cambridge University. Until quite recently these universities seemed to be prejudiced Answer pupils from state schools. Many people objected very strongly Answer this and at last things are changing.
I had no intention Answer staying Answer at university after I had finished my first degree. I finally succumbed Answer parental pressure, but only Answer protest, and carried out research Answer the life of Baudelaire.
Page 29, lines 83-84
“…. there is a tendency to view it as a foregone conclusion that boys will have
future success … “
POSSIBILITY /PROBABILITY (suggested patterns)
It’s a foregone conclusion that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s probable that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s ( quite ) possible that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s unlikely that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s doubtful that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s inevitable that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
It’s inconceivable / unimaginable that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
There’s no doubt that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
The chances / odds are that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
There’s no chance that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
There’s little chance / likelihood that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
I’m quite convinced that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
I’m certain that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
I imagine that Barbie will win the beauty contest.
In all probability Barbie will win the beauty contest.
Maybe / Perhaps Barbie will win the beauty contest.
I doubt very much whether Barbie will win the beauty contest.
Barbie stands little / no chance of winning the beauty contest.
Barbie is likely to win the beauty contest.
Barbie is unlikely to win the beauty contest.
Barbie is bound to win the beauty contest.
Barbie is certain / sure to win the beauty contest.
Barbie will probably/certainly/definitely win the beauty contest.
Barbie probably/certainly/definitely won’t win the beauty contest.
For each of the sentences below, rewrite three new sentences as similar as
possible in meaning to the original sentence, but using the words given in
capital letters. Do not alter these words . Refer to the “suggested patterns”
section.
1. They stood no chance of winning the game.
UNLIKELY _____________________________________________________________
BOUND _____________________________________________________________
INEVITABLE _____________________________________________________________
2. I hardly think she will get the promotion.
WON’T _____________________________________________________________
LIKELIHOOD _____________________________________________________________
STANDS _____________________________________________________________
3. It seems to be a foregone conclusion that my brother will fail his driving test.
CERTAIN _____________________________________________________________
PROBABILITY _____________________________________________________________
CHANCE _____________________________________________________________
4. In all probability she will reject his proposal.
CHANCES ____________________________________________________________
CONVINCED ____________________________________________________________
WHETHER _________________________________________
SUGGESTED ANSWERS:
1. They stood no chance of winning the game.
UNLIKELY They were unlikely to win the match.
BOUND They were bound to lose the game.
INEVITABLE It was inevitable that they would lose the game.
2. I hardly think she will get the promotion.
WON’T She probably won’t get the promotion.
LIKELIHOOD There is little likelihood that she will get the promotion.
STANDS She stands little chance of getting the promotion.
3. It seems to be a foregone conclusion that my brother will fail his driving test.
CERTAIN My brother is certain to fail his driving test.
PROBABILITY In all probability my brother will fail his driving test.
CHANCE My brother stands no chance of passing his driving test./ There’s no chance that my
brother will pass his driving test.
4. In all probability she will reject his proposal.
CHANCES The chances are that she will reject his proposal.
CONVINCED I’m quite convinced that she will reject his proposal.
WHETHER I doubt very much whether she will accept his proposal.
In each sentence, choose the correctly spelt word.
1. We're becoming more and more Answer on technology.
2. I much appreciate your Answer.
3. The students Answer to apply for scholarships are kindly requested to contact the Bursar's Office.
4. She felt an Answer urge to get away from the madding crowds.
5. If I had the right Answer I'd certainly apply for the position.
6. Were it not for her Answer she would have been promoted long ago.
7. He's perfectly aware of the fact that he's not in the same Answer as his older brother.
8. Both relaxation and exercise are Answer
9. He's been expelled from school owing to his Answer fits of anger.
10. He spent hours lying on his shrink's Answer.
11. Being an experienced driver , he was used to Answer learner drivers.
12. He should be sacked right away for being such an Answer worker.
Choose appropriate verbs from the list below to complete the sentences below. Put one word in each gap. Remember to use the correct forms of the verbs. Note that there are four extra verbs.
deter / display / drape / draw / flare / gasp / heave / hitch / infest / lure / pinch / raise / rise / run / stamp / strike / tackle / voice
|
|---|
1. Hardly anyone knows how to Answer the drug problem.
2. Last year the turnover Answer by 20% .
3. How much money have they Answer for the famine victims in Africa?
4. With all those people living in such a small house, conflicts Answer almost every day.
5. He Answer inspiration from Japanese art.
6. His sculptures were Answer at the local museum.
7. How long has she been Answer this gallery?
8. Answer in admiration , the girls gazed at the bride.
9. At the meeting the teachers Answer their concern about the increase in juvenile delinquency in their school.
10. The only way they could get home was to Answer a lift.
11. Who’s Answer my dictionary? I can’t find it anywhere.
12. The student enrolled in the school Answer by the prospect of an EU grant.
13. The senior staff took every possible opportunity to Answer their authority.
14. Each time I saw him Answer a wheelbarrow with a large cloth.
In order to add drama and colour to the narrative, replace the underlined verbs with those that you can find listed below . Remember to use an appropriate form of the verbs.
abandon / badger / collect / commence / deposit / deter /dog / fox / grin / perpetrate / perpetuate / pluck/ scavenge/ scramble / stalk / stall / strap / stroll / swear / toss /
1. The boy climbed= Answer over the wall to pick some fruit in a neighbour’s garden.
2. Our old knackered car stopped= Answer in the middle of nowhere.
3. They left = Answer their luggage at the Left Luggage Office.
4. He smiled = Answer apologetically.
5. It’s not the first time that he has committed= Answer a crime.
6. Being great = Answer enemies, they didn’t let their children play with each other.
7. I’ve been followed = Answerby bad luck all my life.
8. I won’t start the car until you’ve fastened = Answer the kid into the seat.
9. Is there an effective way of discouraging= Answer teenagers from having sex at an early age.
10. The moment the concert begins = Answer all the lights go out.
11. She threw = Answer the keys into her bag.
12.Some wild animals search = Answer for food in dustbins.