LECŢIA 10 - VIITORUL …

A.

There are various ways to express future time, in Romanian as in English. These ways include particular tenses and time expressions, or determiners.

The tenses used are the present and the future. We have already looked into the present (lesson 8), so le's have a look at the future tense structure and use.

As you remember from PST, Simple Future has 2 registers:

* Formal:

VOI VEI VA VOM VEŢI VOR

INFINITIV

Examples:

He will be here at 6. El va fi aici la 6.

We will buy the flat. Noi vom cumpǎra apartamentul

* Informal (popular):

O + CONJUNCTIV

Examples:

He will be here at 6. El o sǎ fie aici la 6.

We will buy the flat. Noi o sǎ cumpǎrǎm apartamentul

There is also a third way of expressing future time, that exceeds the informal register. It is very familiar and it is actually only used for 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd person singular:

EU AM TU AI EL/EA ARE

CONJUNCTIV

Examples:

He will be here at 6. El are sǎ fie aici la 6.

We will buy the flat. Not possible in this register.

The manual contains a chapter on the conjunctiv, so perhaps you want to cover that before you do the exercises in this lesson.

Like with the other tenses, there are some time adverbs and phrases that emphasize the future character. Some of these words and expressions can be used with other tenses too, notable the present tense; they are listed in the second line of the table:

Româneşte	English
Mâine Poimâine Rǎspoimâine Sǎptǎmâna viitoare Luna viitoare Anul viitor Secolul viitor Peste douǎ ore Peste trei zile Peste o sǎptǎmânǎ Peste un an Într-o orǎ Într-o lunǎ Într-un an În douǎ ore În cinci luni etc	Tomorrow Day after tomorrow Day after day after tomorrow Next week Next month Next year Next century In 2 hours I n 3 days In one week In a year In an hour In a month In a year In 2 hours In 5 months etc
Azi Astǎzi Sǎptǎmâna asta Weekendul ǎsta Luna asta Anul ǎsta etc	Today Today This week This weekend This month This year etc

One last theoretical thing would be that in Romanian, as in English, you can use the future tense to indicate necessity or obligation.

For instance, when saying “You will do this” with a particular intonation, we can actually mean “You have to do this” or even “I command you to do this.”

In Romanian too, when a mother, for example, tells her son “Nu te duci la petrecere!” or “Nu o sǎ te duci nicǎieri!”, she actually means the son is not allowed to go the party he's asking permission for.

B.

1. Completaţi cu câte un singur cuvânt urmǎtoarele propoziţii:

a. Cine _______ sǎ aducǎ fructe la picnic?

b. Crezi cǎ _______ reuşi sǎ ajungeţi la timp?

c. Petrecerea e ____________ sau ____________ ?

d. ________ zece ani nimeni nu îşi ______ mai aduce aminte de manualul acesta.

e. Vin _______ zece minute! Aşteaptǎ aici!

f. Ne vedem sǎptǎmâna ________________ !

g. Domnul Popescu _______ rǎspunde de curǎţenia holului.

h. Ce planuri de ________ ai, Mihaela?

i. Crezi cǎ Mircea şi Cristi se _______ ţine de cuvânt?

j. Stai liniştitǎ! Îţi ______ aduce tot ce mi-ai scris pe listǎ.

k. Anul ___________ se poartǎ iar mini.

l. Cine poate şti unde ________ fi anul viitor pe vremea asta? Da, noi!

m. Poate ca eu şi fiica mea o sǎ ___________ la munte în weekend.

n. Cine crezi cǎ ne _________ da o mânǎ de ajutor?! Nimeni!

o. Hai sǎ ne petrecem vacanţa ______________ tot aici!

p. Când crezi cǎ va fi gata casa? _____________ an? Sau poate doi?

q. _______ sǎ vii? Promiţi?

r. _______ sǎ vin! Promit! (not the same word needed in q and r)

s.Voi _________ fi aici, iar noi ________ fi acolo.

t. Ei _______ veni sigur, nu ştim dacǎ tu o sǎ ________ aici.

u. Cine vrea sǎ meargǎ cu mine la mare __________?

2. Traduceţi în limba românǎ:

a. We'll go to the seaside in the summer.

________________________________

b. He'll be here at 5.

________________________________

c. When will it be ready?

________________________________

d. Are you going to do this alone ?

________________________________

e. They won't be able to solve this problem.

________________________________

f. I hope you'll come to my party.

________________________________

g. I wonder if she will write back….

________________________________

h. Nobody knows what will happen. Who can know?

________________________________

3. Potriviţi propoziţiile din coloana A cu cele din coloana B:

A	B
I'll be there.	1. Ce ne facem?!
I'll see you tomorrow.	2. O sǎ aflǎm în câteva zile.
We'll talk about this (some other time).	3. Când pleci?
What are we going to do?!	4. Ne vedem mâine.
What are you going to do?!	5. Ce o sǎ te faci?!
When will you go?	6. Mai vorbim.
We'll know in a couple of days.	7. O sǎ fiu acolo.

N.B.: Please note that 1 and 5 are interchangeable formulas, if we use the correct person. For example, instead of “Ce ne facem?!” we can say “Ce o sǎ ne facem?!” and for “Ce o sǎ te faci?!” we can say “Ce te faci?!”

C.

1. Spuneţi ce credeţi cǎ veţi face (unde şi cu cine) şi cum credeţi cǎ veţi fi peste 20 de ani.

Peace Corps Romania - Tutor's Manual

Lecţia A10 - Viitorul …

53

---