24,25

I Hormones

Replace the words in brackets with a morę medical term. Choose from the following.

accelerates consequences continuous bind buffer derive disequilibrium excite fluctuate inhibit intermittent maintains metabolism overproduction regulator -seereted stimulate underproduction ^{1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9}

The eye and the ear

wi Hm correct answer.

W lici i a palient refers to the white of the eye he means

®!l.c selera    h) the lens

I he lacrimal gland produces

a) liulasc    b) tears

I he yellow spot is

ii) Hic pupil i) Ilu¹ fovea

I lic eye photoreceptors are

a) rods and cones c) Iris

lo 1)11nk is to

a) respond to dim iight r) lo contract the lateral rectus

The ear drum is

li) Ihc auricle

i)    the cochlea

I hc stirrup is

u) malleus    b)    incus

The ear lobe is the

ii)    plnna e) cochlea

The round window is the

ii) fenestra cochleae c) malleus

The Kustachian tubę    allows our

ii) pop    b)    drain

(:erumen is known as a) fluid    b)    hairs

c) the cornea d) the fovea

c)    mucus d) spit

b) the choroids

d)    the optic nerve

b) optic nerve d) visual cortex

b) to lower the eyelid

d) to activate the lacrimal glands

b)    the tympanic membranę d) fenestra vestibuli

c)    stapes    d)    saccule

b) ossicles

d)    fenestra cochleae

b)    fenestra vestibuli d) semicircular canal

ears to

c)    bang    d)    close

c) pastę    d)    wax

Section 3: Body Systems 2    25

1

   The endocrine system operates by a system of hormones which are (produced) secrefzd into the blood stream.

2

   Hormones either (increase)_or (slow)____ the activity

of specific cells.

3

   Many hormones (join)_to carrier proteins and this has a

(protective)_effect against sudden changes.

4

   Hormone levels generally (go up and down)_but within

limits. The production of thyroxine is (all the time)_while

the production of other hormones is (from time to time)_.

5

   Any (imbalance)_in the endocrine system can have

important (results)_. Problems in the endocrine system

usually involve (making too much )_or (making too little)

6

   Growth hormone is important in children to (encourage)_

growth.

7

   The adrenal glands (get)_some of their blood supply from the

renal artery.

8

   Calcitonin and parathormone are involved in the (utilization)

_of calcium. Parathormone (keeps)_plasma

calcium levels within normal limits.

9

   Aldosterone is the most important (controller)_of sodium

and potassium. Thyroxine (speeds up)_the release of energy

in the tissues.

The prefixes used in the answers above have particular meanings. over- = too much; under- = not enough, inter- = between ; dis- = not. You will meet these prefixes regularly so it's good to understand their meaning. See also: Test 50.

24 Section 3: Body systems 2