Divide the circumference of any circle by the same circle's / diameter and you'11 always *
get the same number— t
3.14159. In mathematics, a j number that never changes | is called a constant. This t constant is also called '
pi (pronounced pie). It's written as the Greek letter n. s
*
a*
<&*
s
Circ,
umference
S,°tens?
COU,?nte"becausewe
We count in tens sC0Unt
have tenftnge ' doryt have ten in twos—they electnc
^&^”*****
currentsofiand n(J one.
thenumbers ontenare
Numbers basea bers
baSb^nary numbers.
Then
i underweight-
count in the same way down your left arm and hand, reaching “27” on the little finger of your left hand.
Some of the most important discoveries in history have been madę by mathematicians, who are able to make sense of the numbers in our world.
01 ■ Natural numbers
The counting numbers—
1.2, 3, and so on
02 ■ Integers
Counting numbers (1,2, 3, and so on) and their negatives (-1, -2, -3, and so on)
03 ■ Rational numbers
Counting numbers (1,2, 3, and so on) and fractions (1/4,1/2, 3A, and so on)
04" Prime numbers
Numbers that can be divided only by themselves and one
05 ■ Perfect numbers
Numbers that are the sum of all their factors, such as 6. It can be divided by
1.2, and 3, and it is also the sum of 1,2, and 3
©Naturę seems to be random, but numbers can be found everywhere in the natural world.
One set of numbers present in naturę is known as the Fibonacci sequence.
@Each number in the Fibonacci sequence is found by adding the two previous numbers—0, 1, 1,2,
3, 5, 8, 13, 21,34, and so on.
©The spiral patterns of sunflower seeds and pinecones (above), the shape of snail shells, and the arrangement of leaves on plant stems all follow the Fibonacci seguence.
InfLnity is bigger than any other number. In fact, it’s so big that it cant be counted. It’s written as a symbol called a lemniscate that looks like a number 8 lying on its side.