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4J2. Plosives

1. Fili in the gaps:

Plośves, also called ...iUpt,.., belong - together with.............................and

llpli;.......................- to a group of consonants in the production of which a total

obstruction to the air sfrearn is madę in the voca! tract. There are three stages in the

production of płosi ves: the.................................stage, during which the articulating organa

the.............................stage, during which.....................................

~......................................................... and the    ................................

stage, during which the articulating organs...............................

...:-----------...------— ................... as a result of which occurs-

2. Below several ways of releasing plosires in English are given. Eiplain what they mean. Which of them are optional and which obligatory?

a) no audible plosion in finał positions,

b) glottal reinforcement of finał /p, t, k/,

c) nasal rdease, d) no audible plosion in stop dustera,

e) lateral release,

O afTrication of płosives.

3. Complete the following sentences:

a)    Aspiration in English stops may be treated as a period of voicelessness between ...ft*

tJtaiA... of ...fts, cloiuAt,... and mil., of    The longer this period iś, the

...Juah/k.... the amount of aspiration.

b)    English fortis plosives are ftiDy aspirated when...................................................

.i...................................................................................... They are weakly aspirated

when.................................................._........................ They are

unaspirated when.......................................................................... In

.........aspiration is optional

c) Two (or morę) consonants are homorganic when................................

for examp!e in such words as

d)    English tenis płosi ves are fblly voiced when........................................................

..................................................................... They are partiaOy voiced when_____...

e)    English plpsiyes can be afiected by the following consonants in several ways such as .

f)    English płosives have the following effects upon the adjacent sounds: