IMG 27

Indcx

Plato: mcnrioncd, 90, 156, 199. 291, 315

Plekhanos, Georgc (Ruśrian revolutionary and party thcorist): attacked Bogdanov and Russian Mnchists, 239-241; nicn-tioncd, 244

Poincarć, Henn (mathemadcian and phi-losophcr of science): background of, 195; Mach*s influence on, 195; his comemionalism, 177, 194-196, 302-303; madę early distinction between classical and modern physics, 119; vicw tha: whether naturę is Eudidcan or not ii mcaningless influcnccd Car-nap, 302-303; mentioned. 126-127. 198

Popper, Karl (philosopher of science): wrotc on doseness of Mnchs philojophy with that of George Berkeley, 27, 95-06; interested in rcprcjcntationalist phi* losophy, 345

Popper-Lynkcus, Joscf: background and friendship with Mach, 21-22; interested Mach in ihe Enlightcnment and influcnccd his political tiews, 22, 232; Mach*s first philosophical ally, 121; a regular at Cafe Elefant, 23; supported energeticism, 117; influcnccd by Mayer, 88; may havc influcnccd Freud with respect to drcams and hallucinations, 71; cmhusiajtic about Chincsc civili-zadon and Confucious, 287; men-doned, 80, 153, 288, 3:0-311

Popular S ci mufie l^ctures (Mach's book of scientific and philosophical addresses to various consentions and nonprofcs* sional audicnccs): vcry rcadablc, 157; ncw chaptcrs added, 181; influcnccd Robert Musi], 188; sescral chaptcrs added after Mach'* dcath by his son, 283: footnote rcfcrcnces to, 325, 326, 328, 329. 33*-334. 336. 338-343. 348, 354. 355

Porges. Heinrich: 2 regular at Cafe Ele-fam, 23

Positivism (both narrow and broad mcan-ings): dcfiniuons and dcscriptions of, 35, 70, 165, 166-167, *69. 296; Mach’s rcladons to positivism, 70, 164-160, 177. 316-317; acquircd bad reputation, 121-122, 167, 191; PetzoIdt'» attempt to link Mach with, 191; Berlin Society for Pojidvistic Philosophy, 190; Mos-cow Society for Poativum, 237; tnove-mentt in Germany and Austria, 121; Engliih and American thought ap-proaching positivism while France and Italy rejecting it, 197-198; rclation* to

science, 168-171,    276,    303; many

positwists attractcd by Einstein'* theory of relativity but bothered by light con-stancy, 250-251; rclntions to Bud-dhistn, 287-290, 292-293; at first fa-vorcd by and then rcjcctcd by Planck, Kulpę, and Einstein, 221-222, 226-227. 229, 250. 257, 258; attacked by Bergson, Le Roy, and Duhem, 194; mentioned, 138, 203

Poske, F.: cditor of cducational journal to which Mach contributed, 137; mentioned, 139

Pragmatism: Mach’s influence on, 126, 202; Mach’s pragmadc conccpdon of uuih and pragmadc extcrnal purposr of science, 28, 170; Mach’s rcjcction of Vaihingcr's pragmatic philosophy, 176-177; \Vcinbcrg'j book on Mach'* "cm-pirio-pragmatism," 351,    359; men

tioned, 160, 296

Prague (caph.il of the Crownland of Bo-hemia and now of Czcchoslovakia): Mach scttlcs down in. 41: persona! im-pressions of, 38; sanitary conditions in, 39; Mach’s laboratory work and łtu-dents, 41-46, 47-54, 105-115, 145-147; GeriTun-Czcdi confrontation, 38-40, 73-75. 7“-8o, 83; risc of and-Semitism in, 80-S3; Czech Unisersity of, xvii, 73, 76, 80; German Univcrsity of, xvii, 77-83. 145. *48. 251-254, 266,    269; Char'cs-Fcrdinand (undi-

vidcd) Univcrsity of, wii, 4. 38, 60, 73-75. *54. 159

Prandtl, Ludwig: named or popularizcd term "Mach anglc," 112-113

Presentadonalism (the notion that the cx-ternal or physical world is or can be dircctly presented to oomuousncss, that the appcaranccs arc the cKtcrnal world or that what appears cxternal is citcrnal. This eplstcmological position includcs phenomenalism and somc as-peets of naTvc rcalistn): definitions of, xi, 345; Mach‘s acccptancc of, ii, 90; most philosophers (sińce Berkeley, Hume, and Kant) continur to hołd this position, 231; the chief wcakncss of this cpistctnology has always bccn its incompatihility with practical cau.-al ex-planadon, 245, 356; its qucv.ion.iblc valuc for science, 297; diffcrcnccs from rcprcsentadonalhm elarified, 203, 357; mentioned, viii, 164, 171, 186-187, 102, 244, 296, 303, 309, 314

\ndcx

Priessnitzian watcr curc: uscd on Mach, almost killcd him, 5 Primary spacc. See Spacc, primary Principles, Mach'* methodological: pnnci-plc of adjustmcnt of thought* to one anothcf, of thoughts to facts, of broad-c't possiblc gcneralization, of compcn-*ation. of continuity, of permanence, of suflicicnt diffcrcntiation, of variation, 179. See alto Science, mcthodology of Prinap/r 1 of Heat Theory (Mach’s book on thermodynamies): hurred into pub-lication apparcntly to ccuntcr Boltz-mann, 157; scscrely criticizcd for in-complctcncss, 158; criticizcd by Planck, 219; indudcd Mach'* theory of Chemical discontinuity which purportediy influcnccd Planck's ąuantum theory, 310; footnote rcfcrcnccs to, 327, 328, 335, J58, 34». 343, 346. 355 Pnndplet of Physied Upita, The (Mach'$ posthumously published h ił tory of op-tieł): Mach'» prrfacc hostilc to Einstein'* theory of rclativity, 257-258, 273, 280; publication of Pan I, 181, 271, 300; Ludwig Mach worked on Pan II but apparcntly dcitroyed hi* nianuscript, 283-285; footnote refer-cnccł to, 336, 351. 353, 360; mentioned, 281

Professional philosophcrs (unisersity pro* fessors of philosophy): mentioned, 193, 209, 247. 252

Prokop the Great: mdi tary leader during Hussitc wars, 40

Prolctcult (Russian culturil mosement): opposed by LenLi, 246 Prougous: mentioned, 274 Protocol statements (supposcdly indubi* labie): mentioned, 230, 257 Przibram, Karl (Vicnna scicntist): *up-poricd Meyer’* łtory about Mach'* al-legcd acccptancc of the reality of atom*, 319-320

Psrudospherc: Helmholtz’* gcometrical specu talion about, 261 Psychological atomitm. Sec Atomiim, psy* chological

P>ycholog;sin: Ilusscrl'* labcl for at-tempu to undentand logie in psychological and historicjl tetnis such as Mach littempted 10 do, 174-176; New Rcalitin (and I.ogir.il Positivism) rc-jcctcd Mach’* undeutanding of logie bccausc of, 202

Psycholog)’: Mach'* dcfiniłions of, 63-64;

Mach’* Icetures on. 156; Mach', bcoiu ^on' 69. 120; Mach', carly i₀t_emt ^m* *4. «6, 27; Mach‘s work m, 47-72; Pech ner', ideas on. 28-29; Williani Jjmes, 126-128. 202; Mach¹, pot&k influence on Freud, 71; atudet of Srumpr, Lipps, and K-ilpc on Mach, ^ł54t 227-231; Mach refused to attend psycholog)’ congress, 154, 227; mentioned, 207, 270-271, 304. See oho Act psycholog)-; Ammal psycholog?; Be-hasioal psycholog); Cfuld psychology; Dcsaiptisc psycholog)-; Gestalt psycholog)-; Introspcctisc psychology Psychophysical (tntnczperiential, Lc., on* tologicaliy monistic) interactionism: Muller, 55; William James, 55, 137 Psychophysical (transciperiemul, Le., on-tologicaliy p.uralisdc) intcractionism: Dcscartct, 39; Srumpf, 227 Psychophysical (intnejtpericntial, Lc., on-tologically monistic) parallclism: Fech-ners vcrsion of, 20, 39-30, 129; Mach rejcets Fechner'* undersunding of, 20, 29-30, 53; Mach', own rather nominał sersion of, 30, 36, 54, 237; rtlańon of Fechner', sersion to Henng’* “un-conscious mcmory," 60; Bergson re-jcctcd Mach'* position, 197; Stumpf at-Uckcd Mach'* parallclism, 227; mentioned, 55, 127, 315 Psychophysics (the study of the relations belween niind on the one side and body and malier 00 the ether; for Mach this was an intracipcriential dis-cipline); reUted to Fechner'* law. 20; field created by Fechner, 29-3°*. Mjch'i dcfimtion of, 63; mentioned, 53, 54. 60, 126, 127, 227. 315 Ptolemaic theory: Mach’* defense of, 102 Ptolemy: related to phenomcnalistic pur-pose of socncc, 297

PurkynJ, Jan F.vangelnta (Czech phsysol-ogiit, better known under bis German namc Johannes Purkinje): Mach in* terested in his ideas on the adaptaóen of the human cyc, 39. *wt Purkyni seemed morę interrstcd ui bringiog Mach ovcr to Czech nationalism, 40; approach similar to Hering. 59 Purpwc: Mach’* definilion of, 68

Quantum theory: Mach'* relations to. ; 10-318; Mach rcclhodologsca! father of ijuantum mechanics (accordtng «o Wcinberg). 3>a; Mach'* aniicipi'*’¹' °*

*105