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Schclling, Friedrich (German naturę philosopher): his divińons of physics rc-scmblcd that of Mach, 85-86 Schlick, Moritz (Gcrrnan-Austnan phtlo*-opher of science): influeneed by Mach, 302; formed Vicnna Cirde, 302; vicws alłcred through the influence of Witt* gcnstcin and Carnap, 302, 307; Einstein rejected his approach as too posi* tmstic, 258; Einstein preferred hi» in-terpretation of an aspcct of his theory of rclatisity to that of Petzoldt, 282 Schlick'* Cirde. See Vicnna Cirde; Logi-cal Positisiwn

Schmidt, Kurt: wrotc on Mach and Bud-dhism, 293

Schnitzlcr. Arthur (Vicnnesc pUywright): reputcdly a friend of Mach, 187 Schopenhauer, Arthur (German pessimis-tic philosopher): Mach beliesed his conception of the relation betwecn will and forcc was not mctaphysical, 68; his cducational approach, 138; Boltz-mann binerly artacked his idcas, 211: may havc influeneed Mach toward East-em philosophy, 355

Schródinger, Erwin (Austnan quantum theorist): may havc bcen influeneed by Mach‘s textbooks, 141; tried to darify Gerber'* paper for Mach, 263-263; strongly influeneed by Mach‘s philoso-phy of science and BoItzmann's meth-odology of science, 315; not as elear as Mach on the usc of n-dimensions iu physics, 311; his quantum work. 312; opposed Copenhagen interpretation, 313 Schubcrt-Scddcn, R. von: Imrnancntist philosopher, 122 Schuch, Ernst: mcntioned, 44 Schuppc, Wilhelm; leader of Immanent-iim, 123; philosophy comparcd with that of Mach. 122, 166; influence on Husserl, 122

Scientism (belief in the reality and valuc of scientific progres*): rr.cntioncd, 164-165. 303

Science, mrthodology of: Mach identified liimself with, 191; Mach worked out idcas in lectures between 1895 and 1898, publithed in Knowledge and Er-tor in 1905, 156, 173; positivi«ic sclf-dcfinition, 165; Mach'* views on, 173-179: Mach opposcd incchanistic expla-nation, 192-193; Mach'* methodologi-cal coniributsons to qjantum theory, 310-312; Mach** altitude toward atoms, 321; Mach's opposition to the use of non-Eudidcan geometry in physics, 264-267; relation of Mach’s idcas to thosc of Dinglcr, 192; Boltzmann'* mcthodology of science, 214-216, 298; Jaumann’* approach toward, 268; Mach's influence on Lewie, 270-272; Vienna Circle's approach toward, 301-310; Copcnhagcn interpretation of, 313-318; Planck’* attack on Mach's vicws, 220-222, 225-227; Einstein'* opposition to Mach's idcas on, 257; mcntioned, 128

Science of Meehanics (Mach’s influential book on the history of mcchanics): Mach possibly influeneed bv Lcdair's book, 116; publication of, 76-77; rc-vived and strcngthencd opposition to the atomie theory, 89; rcad by Ostwald and Hertz, 117-119; by Loch, 130; by Boltzmann, 178; by Petzoldt, 190; by Dinglcr, 192; by Einstein. 248: translatcd into English, 128; rcviscd in 1912. 181, 266-267, 271; Petzoldt'* 1921 afterword linking Mach to Einstein’* theory of rclativity, 279; Ludwig Mach added an anti-Eirutcin pref-acc to 1933 edition of hook, 379-280. 283; footnote rcfcrenccs to. 327, 328, 330. 334-336. 338, 342, 344-345. 352-353. 355. 360

Science, philosophy of: Mach defends his approach to, 168; lectures on, 156; book* on, 334; only modcratcly repre-sented in Mach's tcxtbooks, 141; at-tempt of Comtc and Mach to sbift science from a representationalist tn a presentationalist foundation, 296; Mach'x vicw intended to help bring physics and psycholog)- closer together, 39; ce ruin ty needed, 27; sensations morę certain than mathematics and logie, and science must bc bascd on the "im-mcdiatcly given," 27. 168, 176; bc-coming and cnd-sciencc distinguished, 172; tlicoty of cconomy plays double role in. 28: science incomplctc, 118; theorics haye only provisional valuc in science, 177; law* mcrcly products of psychological nceds, 177; science should bc abstract (i.c., economical) in cłiarac-ter, 171-172; all formalitm in scirnee should have a elear physical mejning and should be economical, 172; vicw* of Mach and Boltzmann comparcd, 213-216; detrimcntal rflcct of Bud-

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dhism and prcscntationalist philosophy on scicncc, 397; Machism not held hy most scicntists, 171, 244-345; Mach’» approach undennined by discovcry of midgclcs* thoughts, 230-231; Mach’s "anti-mctaphysicar’ appcal to scicntists, 167-168; Mach'$ Iow opinion of curi-osity, 171; mcntioned, 127. 130, 132, 185. 194-197. 198. 213, 216, 217. 220, 218-227, 239. 270-2/1, 291, 295, 299, 301, 302, 303, 309 Scicncc, purpose of:

—Einsłcins: about the same as Galilcos, 258

—Galilco’s: the cornmon sense approach, xi, 10; to understand rcality, 35; vicws of Boltzmann and Mach contrastcd, 215; mcntioned, 33, 296-297 —Mach’s phcnomcnalistic approach, 35; pcrscntationalist approach, 296; M3ch-Bcllarminc purpose of science, 35, 170, 196; describc-and-rclatc-the-appcarances purpose of scicncc, 35, 196; Mach’> cx tcrnal (Darwinian) purpose of scicncc, 28, 35, 123, 127. 169, 170, 195-196: Mach’s micrmcdiaic purpose of scicncc, 169-170; Mach's intcrnal purpose of scicncc, 28, 84, 89, 127, 167-168, 169, 170, 215-216, 230-231, 248, 258, 266. 298; relation of cxtcrnal to intcrnal purposes of science, 28 —Plancks: rcscmblcd Mach's inlcirncdi-atc purpose of science (which in turn scems to havc bccn dcrived from Hertz or evcn Kant), 221 Scientific laws. See Laws, scientific Scott, Sir Walter: Joli3nn Mach rcad his books to Ernst and Octasia (and with-out him knowing it to his youngest daughter Marie as well), 10 Secondary spacc. See Spacc, sccondaiy Sccond law of thcrmodynamics. See En-tropy law

Sccgcr, Raymond J.: first published term* "Mach cffcct" and "Mach reflection," >°7

Scid|crovi, Irena (Czech historian of science): dcscribcd Mach's influence on Czech scicncc, 43

Scitcnstcttcn (Austria): Ernst Maclfs *>r>t schooling, 8-9

Scmicircular canals: Flourcn's expenmcnts conccrning, 52; Mach’s cxplanatiou th.it incrtial changc pushes liquid against rcccptors in the ampullac thereby caus-ing motor sensations, 53-54:

mcchanical model to iliujtnte opera-tion of semicirnibr ratuU, 54 Sensations (for Mach as £or Humc sdos were "imagcs" or "flint senutioos")_: rallrrl "rlrmrntt," 30-31; difTerrnr defi-nitions of, 331; irnmedLrdy giren, 37, 31: can be knewn with absolute ccr-tainry, 313; morę ernain than logie or niathematies, 176; do they exiit un-pcrccivcd?, 31, 314; wodd conuus only of semarions (and rcbóons bctwccn thern), 327; rcality of, 31, 122; what Mach mcans by "facts,'* 32; only sen-sation\ capable of exact tncasurcment. 228; nat located in the brain, 138: the ego ccnsists merdy of semations, 36, 21)2; meaiurablc dLuinguished from not-yet-mcasurablc sensations, 65; Mach's lectures on, 156; Bcrkcley's con-ception of. 27; considcrcd mentol by common sense, 90-91; mcntioned, 49, 54. 56. 58, 63. 66. 103, 123, 168. 169, aoo, 202-203. 250, 301-304. See ałso Elements

Sense dita: mcntioned, aoo Sense of mntion. See Motor seasaoont Shaw, George Bernard: ąuotcd, 356 Shock wavcs: Mach's work on, 105-115: associared tcrminology. 113; assisted by Ludwig Mach and P. Salchcr, 109-115; popular leeture on, 157; men-fioned, x. See dlto McIkius thesis; Mach anglc; Mach hołd; Machmeter; Mach model law; Mach reflection: Mach nrm: Mach-Zchnder interferome-ter; Soot cxperimcnts Silk-raiiing: Jchann Nepomuk Machs folly, 12

Sinnlicke Elemente (Mich¹* artdc and latcr book cxplaining his theory of elementu and criticizing the idcas ot Carl Stumpf): controscrsy with Sturupf. 227-229; republication in book form. 300; footnote refcrenccs to, 341. 342,

343. 348. 35*

Sladc, H.: mentioned. 361 Sociali.m, Austnan: Viktor Aclcr lica of. Mach’* friend. .86; Mach*» influence on Vicnnu socialists 183: Mach on good term* with, 235: Mach mtcirsted m Austnan Socul Dcmocratic Pam bu. ncvcr becanic a mensber. a33-*35-party split dong natiooal łusek broić »w*r. .*». '»<• »*** lcr's rclcatc from }i»l ^{N,cnw K} mity, 300

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