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is dedicated to promoting tlie prevention and settlement of conflicts between and witliin States by strengthening international peace and security institntions. To achieve its pnrpose, IPI employs a mix of policy research, coiwening, publishing and outreach.”

= (IPI) is an independent non-profit research and policy deveIopment lnstituuon based in New York. IPI specializes in mul tila terał approaches to peace and security issues, working closely witli the Secretariat and membersliip of tlie United Nations. IPI’s primary objective is to prornote effective international responses to new and emerging issues and crises tlirough research, analysis, and policy developmenL

e)    World Peace Council: http://www.wpc-iii.org/

(WPC) is an anti-imperialist, democratic, independent and non-aligned International movement of mass action. It is an integral part of tlie world peace movement and acts in cooperation witli otlier international and national movements. The WPC is tlie largest International Peace structure, based in morę tlian 100 countries.

Since its creation in 1949-50, the WPC stood for peace, disarmament and global security; for national independence, economic and social justice and development, for protection of the environment, human rights and cultural heritage; solidarity witli and support of those peoples and liberation movements fighting for the independence, sovereignty and integrity of their countries, and against imperialism.

= is an anti-imperialist, non-aligned international peace movement. As an non-govenimental organization (NGO) memberof tlie United Nations, the WPC cooperates with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), United Nations Conference on Ttade and Development (UNCTAD), United Nations Industrial Development Oiganization (UN1DO), International Labour Organization (ILO) and otlier UN specialized agencies, special committees and departments. It also cooperates with the Non-Aligned Movement, the African Union, the League of Arab States and otlier inter-govemmental bodies.

f)    Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs : http://www.pugwash.Oig/

= is an international oiganization tliat brings together scholars and public figures to work toward reducing tlie danger of armed conflict and to seek Solutions to global security tlireats. It was founded in 1957 by Joseph Rotblat and Bertrand Russell in Pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada, fol łowi ng the release of tlie Russell-Einstein Manifesto in 1955.

Rotblat and Russell jointly won tlie Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 foreffortson nuclear disarmament. International StudentYoung Pugwash groups have existed sińce 1979.

The first conference was held in July 1957 in Pugwash. Nova Scotia, hence tlie oiganization^ name. It was organized by Joseph Rotblat, who served as secretary-general of the organization from its inception until 1973. The Russell-Einstein Manifesto became tlie Pugwash Conferences' founding charter.

Officers include the president, secretary-general and executive director. Formal govemance is provided by the twenty-eight-person Pugwash Council, whicli serves for five years. There is also a six-member executive committee tliat assists tlie secretary-general. Jayantha Dhanapala is tlie current president.

The four Pugwash offices, in Romę, London, Geneva, and Washington D.C, provide support for Pugwash activities and serve as liaisons to tlie United Nations and otlier international oiganizations.

There are morę tlian forty national Pugwash groups, oiganized as independent entities and often supported or administered by national academies of science.

The International Student/Young Pugwash groups works witli, but are independent from, the international Pugwash group.

g)    PAX Christi: http://www.paxchristi.net International eng index.php

„Pax Christi International is a non-profit, non-governmental Catholic peace movement working on a global scalę on a wide variety of issues in tlie fields of human rights, hnman security, disarmament and demilitarisation, just world order and religion and violent conflict

Pax Christi International was started in 1945 as an organisation of Catholics in Europę who wanted to prornote reconciliation at the end of the Second World War.

Pax Christi International is madę up of a number of autonomous Member Oiganisations, affiliated, local groups and partnera spread over 50 countries and 5 continents. Most of the regular work at the international level is done tlirough regional and Continental consultations and special sessions on specific issues.

Pax Christi Intemationars governing bodies include a Triennial World Assembly, an Executive Committee with an International Co-Presidency, currently held by Marie Dennis and Msgr. Kevin Dowiing. The day-to-day operations are carried out by the Secretariafs Office in Bmssels.

Representation and advocacy are integral to Pax Christi Intemationars work. Pax Christi International is