1410610426

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? ^ _m^_th the Commissioner’s plans but stated tiul hr would to pst further thought to the matrers raised.

19S. At a meeting 23/ on 25 Oaober 1951 with Vice Minister of Forcign Affairs, Mr. Zaude Gabrc

•    He)''^roc*^,^^c Comnussioner, with the purposeof raaking ^?/ his position on ceruin eont/ovcrsial matters elear to thc

*    Go%<rnment of Ethiopia, presented his point oł vicw on ^ the legał, polkkal and psychological aspects of the Gen-

^ rral Assembly^s rcsoluooo. The Commissioner stressed

- t)* fjet chat in the implcmentarion of the resoluńon, hc inccndrd to abidc by the lener ar.d spiric of iu provisions, raking imo account, however, thc rcalides of thc problem ii wcll as the interesu and responsibihties of the Go\ ern-tr.ttd of His Imperial Majesty.

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Document 8    ,    • •

General Assembly resolution on economic and fmattcial prouisSons relating to Eritrea •

A/fcEV530 (VI), 19 January 1952    .

189.    Foliowi Ag tbc Commbs40nrr's disagreemcnc wkh this scheme. thc Mosiem parńes appeared to changc cheir posuion. As a result. the Mosiem League ©f ehe Weisem Province, alchough scill adtrocating rwo separatc Asscmblies for che Christian* and Moslcmf, conccr.rrated oo soch consricucicnal issues as the Emperor’s repre-scnuiivc, che Ericrcan flag and Eńtrca** languagcs. Since these topią aisumed religious or tymbolic sigmficar.ee and invołved no subjcct oo whkh suppotcers of ihc country** uniry differed, a new political alignment be-came noticeab!e during the Commbsioncr'* focma! eon* Solutions in che Western Province.

190.    In contrast with past political differcnces be* rween the Eńcrean Democraoc Fronc cod and, in parńcu-lar, the Mosiem League on the one hand and the Mosiem League of the Western Pros incc on the other, virtual idenrity of respeerm vicwj on thc main consti* tutional issues brought abouc oucward signs of mutual agr cement.

191.    At the 48th meeting, held at Keren, a sutc-ment was hinded to the Coramissioaer which, it was poinced out, "contained the riews of the Ericrcan Demo* cratic Front, the Mosiem League in Eritrea, and the Mosiem League of the Western Prorincc and which showed thac they were not divided".19/

192.    Again ac thc same meeting, a reprcsenutive stressed the idendty of thc tencis ofthc Mosiem League of the Western Frorincc with the Eritrean Democraric Front*s views oo Janguage, thc flag and the Empcror’s rcprc*eniativc. 20/ While the analysis of replies given duting thc consukations will be found in another section, it should be noted thac such diims as Friday observance or thc assignment of Mosiem offidals to prcdominantly Mosiem arcas, lent thcmschcs to a manifestation of Mosiem solidarity.

193.    It ii to be noted, howcvcr, chat wide diffcrcnccs on consdrutiorul issues coodnue to be evidenr betwecn the Umonist and allied patries on thc one hand and thc pre-doroinantly Mosiem partie* on thc other. At this sugc thc situatioo belies the expressions of unity and faithfu! adherencc to tbc provisions of thc resolucion nudę at thc “Pwcc Congiess* in Asmara on 31 Decem ber 1950 ind on subsequenr occasions be for e the Commissioner.

194.    The Commissioner has riewed this doelop-ment with considerable mbgiving. At a pcess coofcrencc held at the Pałace, Asmara, on 17 October 1951, thc Consmissioner exprcssed himsclf in thc following ternu:

"AJthoogh various policicaJ parties appeared to be dciermined to mainuin their former differcnces of vkw and have not shown the cxpccted spiric of condliatioA, tbc inhabitants whom the Commis-sionce met during che course of his consukations displayed a spiric of brothcrhood and tolerance and

hclpcd to esublish his preat faith and hopc in d* furure destiny of the country. It b in this spiric thac thr Commissioner has found a rcncwcd s omulu* which eruHcs him co cany on his wock wkh a kclm-oprimbm, of faith in thc resolution of the United Nacoos, and with conEdcncc in the furum of Eritrea. 21/

"Conhdrn: thac exbting differcnces oflcr no senous basa of disagreeroett which cannoc be sertlcd by coociliation and collaboratioo, 1 do not considcr u necessary to ask the General Assembly of thc Utwtrd Nations co rc-examinc the qucstion of Eritrea. U howerer, my imencioa to presera a progress repon for circulation among che Member nations of thc United Nations at thc coming meeting oi thc Assembly to be held in Para.*'

IStptd) Eduardo ANZ£ MAT1ENZO United Nations Cocnmbsioner in Eritrca

Supplemcntary paragraph* to the progress repon

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195.- $obscquem to thc cocnpktion on 24 October 1951 of the progress repon of the United Nations Córa* (milioner in Eńuea, the Cocmnbsioncr held in Asmara one formal meeting on 31 Oaober 1951 with the Admin-isteńng Aurkority, represented by thc Chief Adminhtra-tor, Eritrca and the Special Adńser, and rwo formal meetingj on 25 Oaober and 6 November 1951 respec-tbely, with thc Go^cmmem of Ethiopia, represented by thc Vice Minister of Forcign Affairs, Hb Exrcllency Aro Zaudc Gabrc Hcywot, on the sub{ect of the draft Eritrca* consmution.

ConsuIlatfCn unth tht Adminittcrinf Autbority

195. On 31 Oaober 1951, the Commissioner ha i a formal meeting 22/ with thc Adminbteńng Authority w hen he gavc the Otief Administrator and thc Special Advber an accounc oi his impr essions of the consultacions which he had r eccntly concluded with the inhabtunts of Eńtrca oa thc subject of the draft coastitution and dn-cussed ways of reso(ving thc conrroversin which had arisen over such qurscioni as thc flag, thc official lao-guages and thc represencatises of che Emprror.

197. He also bńcfly outlined promiorul ideas for the esublbhment of a number of organs or councik to deal with cenain specific maners, ideas which would hc furthrf explorcd with the group of lega! ca pens in Ge-nrva. The Chief Administrator was in generał agreemets

W A/AC44/SIL4t. pj 10/ AMC44/5R.4|,p.4

21/ U lut an Aa.v* 7 (b) (noc reproćwced Kmf 22/ A/AC44/SR 71.

Comulut:om wtlb tht Go\*rnmcnt of Ethiopia

Whrffdj, in accordance with the provisions of artide 23 and pacagriph 3 of anncx XI of the Treacy of Peace with łtaly,]/ the question of the ćisposal of thc former lulian colonics was submined on 15 Septcmber 1948 to the General Assembly by the Govccnroencs of France, thc Union of $oviet Socialbt Republics, the United Kingdom of Grcat Briuin and Northern lieland and che United Sutes of America,

Wńrreos, by vinue of the above-mentioned proń* sions, the four Powers have agteed to accept thc rteom* nendacion of the General Assembly and to take appropciatc mcasures for giving effea to it,

WArreai the General Assembly, by resolution 390 A (V)of 2 Dccembcr 1950, recommendcd that Eńtrca be consńtutcd an autonomous unit federated with Ethiogaa wnder the sovercignty of che Echiopian Crown no: later ^han 15 Septcmber 1952, and latd down the neeessary prońsiotu for cffccting tlvc federation of Eńttca with khiopia, and left for settlcmcnt by the United Nations ®oly the problem referred to in paragraph 19 of annex AIV of the Trcary of Peace with lu\)\ while uking into •ccounr, inter o/u, the imponance of assońng thc con-tinuing collaboration of the forcign communińcs in the ttonomic dcvtk>pcnent of Eńtrca,

9Pberejj paragraph 19 of annex XIV of the Trcary Peace with kały, whkh conuins the economic and

199. At a meeting 24/ wtek thc Commbsioner on 6 Nos^rnhcr 1951, Mr. Zaude Gabrc He>*wot. Ethiupiar Vicc Mmi>ter o i Forcign Atfain. teplied to some ot the poinrs raised by thc Commissioner in hb cxposc of 25 Oaober 1951. The Vice Minister ot Forcign Affairs agam rc-affirmcd the posnion of thc Govcmmem of Ethsopta concerning the necessity for a strong link betwecn the Eduopian Crown and the Eiiuean excoadve and ex-pressed thc readmess of thc Gosemment ot Ethiopia to co-operate fully at all ńmes with the Commissioner in thc cxccution of hb task.

{Noce Annexes 1-13 and Addcndum A/1959/Adi.l of 20 Dccembcr 1951. concerning further consuhańons and statemems of the United Nations Commbłioner. are noc reptoduerd herc.)

22/ A/AC44AK 70.

24/A/AC44AR72.    • finandal provbions relating to cedcd terntories, sutes that "The promions of this Annex shtU noc apply to the former lulian Cdonics. The economic and fmandal promions to be applśed therein will form pan of the arrangemenu for the fmal dbposal of these tc/ritońcs pursuant to artkle 23 of the present Trcaty",

Whereoi it b desirablc that the ccooomic and finan* dal provisioru relating to Eritrca should be determined before Eritrea is coastkuted an autonomous unit fedtrat cd with Ethiopia under thc soscrcigncy of the Ethiopian Oown in order that they may be applied as soon as posstble,

Tht Central Assembly Approots the following arńdes:

ArticJe l

1. Subjea to thc promions of paragraphs 4 and 5 of thb artiele Eńtrca 2/ shall receiie, without payment, thc movable and immovable pcopeny locatcd in Eritrea

1/ itrTuJ/yUnri. TrłMui s*dtrnuneJ «r fiUJ W rti**ć*j Om irtrturui of tle U**tJ NauMi.

WOLNo. 747.

V TU utm •Łiiucj* »« uwd in the pmrnf moSatioo ń to W iAtcfPC«tc4 tu confoenucy with pmf/jph J of foolubon 2W (V} «berc t2* juot/rMa and mfcmiUain of tht fedrnl Ce»«nflcf4 irA thc Łiiuf an Co»emt»ni m ut oui.

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Documen: S 107

108 THE USTKO NATIONS AND THE INDCKNOCNCE OF ERITREA