2906543632

rE03K0J10rMMECKA5ł MOHOrPAOHfl PAfiOHA BMrEPCKMX 03EP

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Mcc^eAOBaHHA, npoBCACHHbic Ha TeppHTopHH BnrepcKoro jiaHAiua<})THoro napKa, óbiJiH HanpaBJieHbi Ha Te aBjieHHa h npoueccbi, KOTopue c oahoh CTopoHbi cnoco6cTByK)T oueHice xapaKTcpa npeo6pa30BaHHH 3kochctcm, c apyrofi — oueHKe HHTepaKUHH „wejioBeK — oicpywatomasi cpe/ia".

B MOHorpa(J)HH oco6oe BHHMaHHe 6bi.no yaejieHO jierKo h3mchsk)luhmcs 3jieMeHTaM npercjiaBJieHbi cpeau, a TaK*e xo3&HCTBOBaHHK> nejiOBneKa. Bojiee ycTOHHHBbie 3.neMeHTbi TpaKTOBaHki MeHee no/ipo6HO. Kopotko oxapainrepH30BaH KjiHMaT, reoMop^ojiorwa, noBepx-HOCTHbie OTJIO)K€HHJI H FlOHBa paHOHa. OnHpa»Cb Ha MOp<|)OMeTpHK>, JlHTOJlOrHK) H HCn0JIb30-BaHHe 3eMjiH, npoBeaeHo aejieHHe TeppHTopHH HccjieAOBaHHH Ha reoKOMruieKCbi. BbiAejieHne 3 THnoB jiHToreHHHecKoro ocHOBaHwa h 7 Mop<J)OMeTpHHecKHx thfiob pejibe<t>a, a TaKace 3 icjuiccob rH/iporeHHHecKHx TeppHTopHH cnoco6cTBOBa.no onpeaejieHHło 189 HHAHBHAyajibHbix reoKOM-njieKcoB npHHHCJieHHbix k 27 THnaM (TaÓJi. 1 h 2, pnc. 2).

KoMiuieicc BHrepcKHx o3ep OKpy*eH 21 AepeBHaMH h BbicejiKaMH. CTpyKTypy cejieHHH HjijnocTpHpyeT Ta6.n. 3, fleMorpa<t>HHeocyK) CTpyKTypy — Ta6ji. 4, npo<t>eccHOHa;ibHyło CTpyKTypy — Ta6.n. 5, a «aoxo,abi HacejieHHa — Ta6ji. 6. B Henocpe/iCTBeHHOM coceacTBe 03. Bnrpbi cymecTByeT 470 3eMJieAe.nbHecKHx xo3aficTB, npeacae Bcero 6o^buiHx (6ojibiije 10 ra) h cpeziHHx (5 10 ra). IloHBbi, rjiaBHbiM o6pa30M V h VI Kjiacca (ok. 70% njiomaaH), aBJiaioTca iiphhhhoh

HH3KHX 3<t)<ł>CKTOB paCTHTCJIbHOH npO/iyKUHH H KOHLieHTpaUlHH BHHMaHHa Ha pa3BHTHH )KHBOT-

HOBOACTBa (Ta6ji. 7). B crpyKType BbipamHBaHHa npeo6jiaAaioT 3epHOBbie KyjibTypu (43% naxoTHbix 3eMejib), noTOM KopMOBbie (25,6%) h nponaujHbie KyjibTypu (19,9%). 06mee norojioBbe acoTa cocraBJiaeT 78,4 tojiob KpynHoro poraToro cKOTa Ha 100 ra cejibCKo-xo3«HCTBCHHbix yroAHH. AHajiH3 Bbi6paHHbix noKa3aTe;ie& CBHAeTejibCTByeT 06 oneHb hh3koh H HH3KOH 'XjxJ>eKTHBHOCTH paÓOTbl B CeJlbCKOM X038HCTBe (TaÓJl. 8). OneHb Majiaa T2LK7KC npoH3BOAHTejibHOCTb pbióojioBCTBa 03. Bnrpu (Ta6ji. 9). B He6ojibwoH creneHH pa3BHTa ceTb o6cJiy)KHBaHHfl, KOTOpa» COCTOHT H3 TpĆX peCTOpaHOB, 7 npOAOBOJIbCTBeHHbJX Mara3HHOB, 10 TOprOBblX KHOCKOB, 2 aiITeHHblX fiyHKTOB, 2 Me/inyHKTOB H 4 OCHOBHblX lllKOJl.

BoKpyr 03. Bnrpu, ueHTpajibHoro, AOMHHHpyiomero c tohkh 3peHHa bcjihhhhu (2166 ra) BoaoeMa, cymecTByeT 25 03ep pa3HOH BejiHHHHbi, KOTopbie omaicr KOMnjieKC BwrepcKHx 03ep (pnc. 3, Ta6ji. 10). 06beM 03epHOH nauiH jiocthraeT 336 727 Tbic. m³, a Becb óacceHH oxBaTbiBaeT TeppHTopHło ok. 455 km², T.e. 6ojibiue b 15 pa3 npeBbimaeT njiomajib 03. Bnrpu h Bcex 03ep, BOAbi KOTopbix k HeMy cnJibiBatoT. Bjiarojiapa 3TOMy ypoBeHb 03epa Bnrpu 6biji Majio HyBCTBHTeJlbHbIM K nCpHO/iaM apHAH3aUHH H ryMH/UttaUHH KJlHMaTa H K H3MeHeHH8M 3JieMeHTOB BO^Horo 6a.naHca (Ta6ji. 11).

M3 aHajiH3a Ao6uBaeMux mohojihthhcckhx kojiohok aohhux otjiowchhh BbiTeKaeT, mto

3BOJlK)UHJI „CyxapOB" (,aHCTpo4)HHeCKHX He6oJ1blHHX 03ep) npOHCXOAH^a aBTOHOMHHeCKH, a 3TO aBJiaeTca ochoboh juiji npezinojiOHceHHa, mto KpoMe nepBofi craziHH, b TeneHHe Bcew hctophh 03. Bnrpbi, ypoBeHb 3Toro 03epa BepoaTHo HHKoraa He npeBbiuiaji Hacroamero ypoBHa 6ojibine, neM Ha I m. 06 3Tom cBHfleTejibCTByioT pa3Hbie otjiojkchhs (b „cyxapax” — He coflepacamne