Maritime University of Szczecin Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
2011, 25(97) pp. 21-27 2011, 25(97) s. 21-27
Maritime University of Szczecin, Faculty of Navigation, Institut of Marinę Navigation Akademia Morska w Szczecinie, Wydział Nawigacyjny, Instytut Nawigacji Morskiej 70-500 Szczecin, ul. Wały Chrobrego 1-2, e-mail: p.chorab@am.szczecin.pl
Key words: ballast. ballast water exchange, LNG carrier. LNG Simulator Abstract
Tire sequential method of emptying and filling of ballast tanks at sea may pose extra threats for ship's safety. The prepared Ballast Water Management (BWM) Plan cnables carrying out the operation so that negative effects of emptying each ballast tank are mimnuzed. A large number of tanks and substantial volume of ballast water to be exchanged may create difficultics in preparing an optimized plan. The aulhor ptoposes to use a liquid cargo handling Simulator for the preparation of the BWM plan for selectcd LNG carriers.
Słowa kluczowe: balast, wymiana wód balastowych, gazowiec LNG. symulator LNG Abstrakt
W czasie opróżniania i napełniania zbiorników balastowych w morzu metodą sekwencyjną mogą pojawić się dodatkowe zagrożenia dotyczące bezpieczeństwa statku. Przygotowany wcześniej Plan Wymiany Wód Balastowych pozwala tak przeprowadzić operację, aby minimalizować negatywne skutki opróżniania zbiomikówr balastowych. Ich duża liczba i znaczna objętość wody balastowej może utrudniać przy gotowanie optymalnego planu wymiany. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie symulatora ładunkowego do przewozu ładunków ciekłych w przygotowaniu takiego planu dla wybranych gazowców.
The ship in operation happens to sail under ballast. Such situations occur when the ship has no cargo or is partly loaded, and the ballast water pumped into tanks is aimed at ensuring ship safety in terms of stability. As the vessel is discharged in the port of destination, it pumps in the amount of ballast water necessary for safe voyage. When new cargo is being loaded, ballast water is pumped out into the sea. In this way the quantity of seawater carried by ships under ballast annually amounts to as much as 10 billion tons [1, 2], The exchange of ballast water between ports is connected with the transfer of living organisms, including micro-organisms and bacteria in ballast waters between various regions of the world. When ballast water is discharged, these organisms often disturb the eco-logical balance in the natural environment of a region. To partly limit this problem the exchange of ballast waters in open ocean has been enforced. Obviously, such exchange should be performed in a manner avoiding any risks for ship safety.
On 13 February 2004 the International Maritime Organization adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM), Additionally, each ship should carry and use Ballast Water Management Plan. Such plan should be approved by the administration and take into account guidelines set
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Zeszyty Naukowe 25(97)