9058009804

S1JMMAR Y AND CONCT.IJS T ONS

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86230

SOMMARY AND CONCMJS TONS

This Report. concerns how 11. has heen dealt., and how t.o deal, wlt.h unenpl oynent. 1n F.nrope. This 1s t.he t.hlrd nf a sequence of Report.s. The f Irst 'one was hased on t.he survey of four oount.rles: Tt.aly, U . K . , fiFR and France. The second one wldened t.he ev1dence to    Belgi lim, fireece, Treland, The

Netberlands and D e n m a r k . Tn hot.h cases t.he a t. tent. łon was focused, hot.h 1n country surveys and In t.he generał Report.s, on t.he o v e r a 1 1 performance of t.he set. of poHoles adopt.ed In order to flght. agalnst.    yont.h nneip 1 oyient...    Tn ot.her    words, t.he

at. t.ent. łon was on    t.he    f o r e s t.i, rat.her t.han    on t.he single t.rees

and branches. Furt.hermore, t.he generał Report.s not. only at. t. empt.ed a cross -sec t.łonał analysłs of varłous oount.rles, but. were heav1ly 1nt.egrat.ed hy analyt. 1cał nonsiderat. lons ahout. t.he systemie feat.ures of our sod et. i es on t.he one band, and ahout t. he t.heorles whlch were behlnd t.he adopt.ed poił des on t.he o t. h e r .

The Report. of this year, whlle ext.end1ng 1 ts scope t.o t.wo non F.F.C count.ries, Sweden and Austria, on one słde consol1dat.es t.he dlagnost.lc s1de of t.he analysłs, on t.he ot.her one deals wlt.h a    set.    of proposals, or,    rat.her,    a set of

condl tlons whlch    have    t.o- he fulfllled in    order t.o    at.t.empt. t.o

revert. t.he present. unemployient t.rends In our count.ries.

The surveys on Sweden and Austria, whlch are at.t.ached to t.he present. Report, part. lal ly dlffer from t.he ot.her country surveys; our target. was in fact. to check whet.her very pecullar factors, h a v 1 n g t. o do    w 1 t. h t. h e    o u 11 u r a 1 , 1 n s 1.11. n 1.1 o n a 1    and

po lit. 1oal    envi ronnents,    su oh as    a dlfferent. at. 1.1 turie t.owards

Coopera t. łon, solłdarłt.y and plannlng, co u ld h a v e played a role in t.he management. of nnemployroent. prohlems. Therefore, we have not added t.bese t.wo count.ries t.o t.he oomparat.łve analysłs performed    In p r e v 1 o u s    Report, s;    rat.her, we have nsed    t.he

knowledge    ahout. t.he t.wo new exper1enoes for deepening    our

analyt.lcal framework and, somet.lmes, we have gat.hered some polłcy suggest. łon.

The m a 1 n resnlt.s and concluslons of t.he present generał Report, can he summarized as fol 1 ows.

(1)    Yout.h unenployment. 1s t.he apparent. problem. The real one łs unemployment.. The 1 n a b 1 I 1 t. y t.o fully u 1.1 1 1 7. e avał labie labo u r resources 1 a t.he result. of a deep cr1s1s In t.he mechanlsms of regli la t.ion, allocat. ion and dlst.rihnt. łon.

(2)    Su oh mechanlsms worked relat. 1vely well unt.il t.he early s e v e n t. len. Since t.hen mac ro-econotl c poił des ceased t.o be ef fect.1 ve. F.xpans1 ve monet.ary st.1mu11 śt.art.ed t.o produoe increasłngly prłce effect.s rat.her t.han real effeot.s; morę recent.ly t.he posslble break down 1 n real and prłce effect.s of expansłve stimuli has be co me subs ta n t. i a 1 1 y dlfflcult. t.o forsee. This amount.s, in polłcy t.erws, t.o a loss of oont.rol of our econom1 es.