01/14/2006 • Slide 1

Roof Layout

Roof Layout
Tutorial

01/14/2006 • Slide 2

Roof Layout

Saturday, 01/14/2006

• Introduction of tools to scribe roof members
• Execution of roof layouts
• Roof layout with the help of the Dietrich’s software

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Roof Layout

What is Roof Layout?

•

Roof layout is the process of scribing all roof members,

especially hip rafters, valley rafters and their associated jack
rafters.

•

It includes also the manufacturing of timbers.

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Roof Layout

Roof Example – Scaled down Roof Model

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Roof Layout

How to Design this Roof

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Roof Layout

DEFINITIONS – Roof Members

(1) Common rafter

(2) Hip rafter

(3) Hip rafter with ground offset

(4) Valley rafter

(5) Valley rafter

(6) Hip jack rafter

(7) Valley jack rafter

(8) Chamfered slanting rafter

(9) Canted slanting rafter

(10)Bottom plate

(11)Ridge plate

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Roof Layout

DEFINITION - Obholz

• Remaining wood supporting the rafter above the bird’s mouth
• Describes indirectly the depth of the bird’s mouth

There are different ways to measure the Obholz:

• perpendicular to the rafter top edge

- perpendicular

Obholz

• vertical

- vertical Obholz

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Roof Layout

Tools to Scribe

Carpenter‘s pencil

To draw lines on rough timber surfaces it is important to have a
good pencil

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Roof Layout

Tools to Scribe

Carpenter‘s square

•

Columns and rows of oval holes arranged in a constant

distance

 easier to scribe tenons and mortices

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Roof Layout

Tools to Scribe

Alpha protractor

• Measure and mark the angle of the roof slope
• Measure and mark plumb and level lines (PL, LL)
• Any angle between 0° and 90°
• 0° side represents the plumb line (PL) for the set angle of roof
slope

• 90° side represents the level line (LL) for the set angle of roof
slope

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Roof Layout

Tools to Scribe

Alpha protractor

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Roof Layout

Possibilities for Scribing Roof Members

1. Possibility

Draw the member top side on a story board, scale 1/1

 lay member on the story board to transfer the markings

2. Possibility

Scribe the member directly by using scaled down drawings

 tape measure, alpha protractor and carpenter’s square

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Roof Layout

EXECUTION OF ROOF LAYOUTS

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Roof Layout

Normal Rafter

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Roof Layout

Normal Rafter

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Normal Rafter

• Normal section of the roof has to be drawn
• Perpendicular Obholz has to be scribed from the rafter top edge

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Hip Rafter with Equal Roof Slopes

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Roof Layout

Hip Rafter

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Hip Rafter

•

Ground plan and the normal section are needed

•

Eaves and ridge cuts are bevelled  two markings on each

member side are

required

•

Hip line of equally sloped roof surfaces  exactly in the middle

of the hip rafter

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Roof Layout

Hip Jack Rafter

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Roof Layout

Hip Jack Rafter

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Hip Jack Rafter

• A jack rafter is developed in the normal rafter section
• A jack rafter is a cut normal rafter

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Roof Layout

Valley Rafter with Equal Roof Slopes

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Roof Layout

Valley Rafter

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Valley Rafter

•

Ground plan and the normal section are needed

•

Eaves and ridge cuts are bevelled  two markings on each

member side are

required

•

Hip line of equally sloped roof surfaces  exactly in the middle

of the hip rafter

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Typical Offset (TO)

•

Result of the penetration of the bottom plate into the rafter

(It is the same for the ridge plate as well as for the rafter tail and ridge cuts)

•

Entry & exit of the plate front edge has to be measured in the ground plan

•

Equal roof slopes  TO is the same on both sides

•

Unequal roof slopes  distinguish between typical offset left & right

(TOL/TOR)

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Roof Layout

Hip Rafter with Equal Roof Slopes

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Roof Layout

Hip Rafter

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Roof Layout

How to measure the Typical Offset

Roof slopes are equal  right and left typical offset (TO) is the

same

 Find intersections of bottom plate front
edge

& hip rafter edges in ground

plan.
 Find intersection of bottom plate front
edges

& hip line.

 Measure distance between these
intersections on hip rafter edge.

 For this example the typical offset

(TO) is 3.5cm.

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

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Roof Layout

Single Beam Drawings

•

They show all necessary dimension & information to

manufacture the member

•

Modules:

• D-Wall Professional module
• D-Floor and Ceiling Professional module
• D-Roof Professional module

(1 file  2 change program module  6 roof design)

• D-CAM module

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Roof Layout

How to Store Single Beam Drawings

1 file  01 drawings  4 single beam drawings

• Marker assistant can be used
• You can „skip“

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Roof Layout

How to Store Single Beam Drawings

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Roof Layout

General settings

• Units and precision (decimal points) used in the drawing can be
chosen

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Roof Layout

Processes

•

Settings to dimension the

member in the drawing can be chosen

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Roof Layout

More Settings

• Beam description can be chosen
• Information in the text block can be chosen

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Roof Layout

Start D-CAD 2D

1 file  01 drawings  1 D-CAD 2D

• New drawing
• Paper size: letter
• Orientation: portrait

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Roof Layout

How to Insert a Stored Drawing

1 file  2 insert drawing section

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Roof Layout

How to Use
Single Beam Drawings

•

Cross section

•

Text block

•

Dimensions

LAYOUT-A:

 Scribing angle measured

parallel to the member

 It is needed when

manufacturing the member

manually.

TOOL-A:

 For portable circular

saws

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Roof Layout

Thanks for your attention!