CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Normal conditional sentences:
If you study, you get good grades. (general rule)
Nauka zapewnia dobre stopnie.
(ogólnie zasada tycząca się wszystkich, zawsze i wszędzie)
If you study more, you will get better grades. (possible)
Jeśli będziesz się więcej uczył, to będziesz dostawał lepsze stopnie.
(możliwy rozwój wydarzeń w przyszłości, jeśli zostanie spełniony podany warunek)
If you studied more, you would get better grades. (unlikely)
Gdybyś się więcej uczył, to dostałbyś lepsze stopnie.
(wiem, że prawdopodobnie nie zaczniesz się uczyć)
If you had studied more, you would have got better grades. (unreal)
Gdybyś się wtedy więcej uczył, to dostałbyś lepsze stopnie.
(jednak się nie uczyłeś i nie możesz już tego zmienić)
Reversed conditionals:
1. You won’t get better grades if you don’t study harder.
= If you don’t study harder, you won’t get better grades
2. I wouldn’t go there if I were you.
= If I were you, I wouldn’t go there.
3. It wouldn’t have happened if they hadn’t provoked him
= If they hadn’t provoked him, it wouldn’t have happened.
Mixed:
If you had come, I wouldn’t blame you now.
Gdybyś wtedy przyszedł, to teraz by cię nie winił.
(ale nie przyszedłeś i cię teraz winię)
If you were smarter, you could have passed that test.
Gdybyś (ogólnie) był mądrzejszy, to zdałbyś wtedy tamten test.
(ale nie jesteś i nie zdałeś)
Other forms of „if”:
Should you come to dinner with me, my parent will be very pleased.
= If you come to dinner with me, my parent will be very pleased.
Providing that he is not angry with me anymore, we should be able to get on with each other.
= If he is not angry with me anymore, we should be able to get on with each other.
As long as you’re kind to her, she will like you.
= If you’re kind to her, she will like you.
If it wasn’t for you help, I wouldn’t be able to cope with that situation.
= If you weren’t helping me, I wouldn’t be able to cope with that situation.
If it hadn’t been for your help, I wouldn’t have been able to cope with that situation.
= If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have been able to cope with that situation.
Inversion:
Had you not apologized to her, she could have killed you.
= If you hadn’t apologized to her, she would have killed you.
Were you not so stupid, I would date you.
= If you weren’t so stupid, I would date you.
Had you been here last night, you would have met him.
= If you dad been here last night, you would have met him.
Was she taller, she would be accepted into the team.
= If she was taller, she would be accepted into the team.