Medicine I

Drugs / help
Tranquilisers	Any of various drugs used to reduce tension or anxiety	Środki uspokajające
Lozenges	A medicated tablet held in the mouth until it has dissolved	Pastylki do ssania
Painkillers	Anything that relieves pain	Środki przeciwbólowe
Ointment	A fatty or oily medicated formulation applied to the skin to heal or protect	Maść
Diseases
German measles	A mild contagious eruptive disease caused by a virus and capable of producing congenital defects	Różyczka
Measles	An acute, contagious viral disease, usually occurring in childhood and characterized by eruption of red spots on the skin, fever, and catarrhal	Odra
Hay fever	An allergic condition affecting the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes, most often characterized by nasal discharge, sneezing, and itchy, watery eyes	Katar sienny
Appendicitis	Inflammation of the vermiform appendix	Zapalenie wyrostka robaczkowego
Diarrhoea	Excessive and frequent evacuation of watery feces	Biegunka
Chicken pox	An acute contagious disease, primarily of children, that is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and characterized by skin eruptions, slight fever, and malaise	Ospa wietrzna
Shingles	An acute viral infection characterized by inflammation of the sensory ganglia of certain spinal or cranial nerves and the eruption of vesicles along the affected nerve path	Półpasiec
Inflammation	A localized protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury, or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes loss of function	Zapalenie
Rubella	A mild contagious eruptive disease caused by a virus and capable of producing congenital defects	Różyczka
Equipment / instruments
Curette	A surgical instrument shaped like a scoop or spoon, used to remove tissue or growths from a body cavity	Łyżeczka chirurgiczna używana jako skrobaczka
Syringe	A medical instrument used to inject fluids into the body or draw them from it	Strzykawka
Tourniquet	A device, typically a tightly encircling bandage, used to check bleeding by temporarily stopping the flow of blood through a large artery in a limb	Opaska uciskowa
Stretcher	A litter, usually of canvas stretched over a frame, used to transport the sick, wounded, or dead	Nosze
Catheter	A hollow flexible tube for insertion into a body cavity, duct, or vessel to allow the passage of fluids or distend a passageway	Cewnik
Probe	A slender, flexible surgical instrument used to explore a wound or body cavity	Sonda
CT	A radiological technique that produces images of cross sections through a patient's body using low levels of radiation	Tomografia komputerowa
MRI	A non-invasive medical diagnostic technique in which the absorption and transmission of high-frequency radio waves are analysed as they irradiate the hydrogen atoms in water molecules and other tissue components placed in a strong magnetic field	Obrazowanie metodą rezonansu magnetycznego
Symptoms
Spasm	An involuntary muscular contraction, esp. one resulting in cramp or convulsion	Spazm
Rash	Any skin eruption	Wysypka
Cramps	Spasmodic contractions of the uterus, such as those occurring during menstruation or labour, usually causing pain in the abdomen that may radiate to the lower back and thighs	Skurcze / bóle miesiączkowe
Hay fever	An allergic condition affecting the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes, most often characterized by nasal discharge, sneezing, and itchy, watery eyes	Katar sienny
Blisters	A local swelling of the skin that contains watery fluid and is caused by burning or irritation	Bąble, pęcherze
Diarrhoea	Excessive and frequent evacuation of watery feces	Biegunka
Medical Professions
Obstetrician	A physician who has successfully completed specialized education and training in the management of pregnancy, labour, and pueperium	Położnik
Orderly	An attendant who does routine, nonmedical work in a hospital	Sanitariusz
Geriatrician	Geriatricians are medical doctors or doctors of osteopathy who specialize in caring for older patients	Geriatra
Ophthalmologist	A medical or osteopathic doctor who specializes in eye and vision care	Okulista
Neonatologist	A physician specializing in the care of new-borns	Neonatolog
EMT	A person trained and certified to appraise and initiate the administration of emergency care for victims of trauma or acute illness before or during transportation of the victims to a health care facility via ambulance or aircraft	Sanitariusz pogotowia ratunkowego
Body organs
Pancreas	A long, irregularly shaped gland in vertebrates, lying behind the stomach, that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and insulin, glucagon, and somatisation into the bloodstream	Trzustka
Intestines	The portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consisting of two segments	Jelita
Lymph nodes	Any of the small bodies located along the lymphatic vessels, particularly at the neck, armpit, and groin, that filter bacteria and foreign particles from lymph fluid	Węzły chłonne
Ovary	The usually paired female or hermaphroditic reproductive organ that produces ova and, in vertebrates, oestrogen and progesterone	Jajnik
Retina	A delicate, multi-layered, light-sensitive membrane lining the inner eyeball and connected by the optic nerve to the brain	Siatkówka
Collarbone	Bone linking the scapula and sternum	Obojczyk
Treatment
Chemotherapy	The treatment of cancer using specific chemical agents or drugs that are selectively destructive to malignant cells and tissues	Chemioterapia
Surgery	A surgical operation or procedure, especially one involving the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue	Operacja
Rehabilitation	The treatment of physical disabilities by massage, electrotherapy, or exercises	Rehabilitacja
Amputation	To cut off (a projecting body part), especially by surgery	Amputacja
Injection	A substance that is introduced into an organism, especially by means of a hypodermic syringe, as a liquid into the veins or muscles of the body	Zastrzyk
Diagnosis
Ultrasound	The use of ultrasonic waves for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, specifically to image an internal body structure, monitor a developing foetus, or generate localized deep heat to the tissues	Ultradźwięki
Blood test	An analysis of a sample of blood, especially for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes	Badanie krwi
MRI	A non-invasive medical diagnostic technique in which the absorption and transmission of high-frequency radio waves are analysed as they irradiate the hydrogen atoms in water molecules and other tissue components placed in a strong magnetic field	Obrazowanie metodą rezonansu magnetycznego
CT	A radiological technique that produces images of cross sections through a patient's body using low levels of radiation	Tomografia komputerowa
Biopsy	The removal and examination of a sample of tissue from a living body for diagnostic purposes	Biopsja
X-Ray	A picture produced by exposing photographic film to X-rays: used in medicine as a diagnostic aid as parts of the body, such as bones, absorb X-rays and so appear as opaque areas on the picture	Prześwietlenie
Parts of hospital
Theatre	A room in a hospital or other medical centre equipped for surgical operations	Sala operacyjna
Exam room	A special place where medical examination takes place	Gabinet lekarski
Ward	A room in a hospital usually holding six or more patients	Oddział / sala
A&E	A medical treatment facility specializing in acute care of patients who present without prior appointment, either by their own means or by ambulance	Ostry dyżur
Discharge lounge	Waiting area	~ Poczekalnia

Other medical terms
Bedside manners	The attitude and conduct of a physician in the presence of a patient	Podejście do pacjenta
Malignant	Threatening to life; virulent	Złośliwy
Malicious	Having the nature of or resulting from malice; deliberately harmful	Zły
Bone marrow	The soft, fatty, vascular tissue that fills most bone cavities and is the source of red blood cells and many white blood cells	Szpik kostny
Break	To fracture a bone	Złamanie
Dislocate	To displace (a body part), especially to displace a bone from its normal position	Przemieszczenie
Graze	To break the skin of (a part of the body) by scraping	Obtarcie
Fracture	The breaking or cracking of a bone or the tearing of a cartilage	Złamanie (pęknięcie)
Sprain	A painful wrenching or laceration of the ligaments of a joint	Skręcenie
Strain	A wrench, twist, or other physical injury resulting from excessive tension, effort, or use	Nadwyrężenie
Ligament	A sheet or band of tough, fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages at a joint or supporting an organ	Więzadło
Cure	To restore to health	Wyleczyć (jest rezultat)
Heal	To repair by natural processes, as by scar formation (=cure)	Uzdrowić, zagoić (o ranie)
Treat	To apply treatment to	Leczyć (nie ma rezultatu)
Wound	An injury, especially one in which the skin or another external surface is torn, pierced, cut, or otherwise broken	Rana (np. postrzałowa)
Injury	Any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.	Kontuzja
Still birth	The birth of a dead child or foetus	Martwy poród
Still born	Dead at birth	Dziecko urodziło się martwe
Breech birth	Delivery of a foetus with the buttocks or feet appearing first	Położenie miednicowe płodu / poród pośladkowy
Triage	A process for sorting injured people into groups based on their need for or likely benefit from immediate medical treatment	Selekcja rannych
Genetic engineering	Scientific alteration of the structure of genetic material in a living organism. It involves the production and use of recombinant DNA and has been employed to create bacteria that synthesize insulin and other human proteins	Inżynieria Genetyczna
Outpatients department	A hospital department where patients receive diagnoses and/or treatment but do not stay overnight	Przychodnia przyszpitalowa

Collocations
Benign tumor	A mass of cells (tumour) that lacks the ability to invade neighbouring tissue or metastasize	Nowotwór niezłośliwy
Multiple injuries / schlerosis	--- / An inflammatory disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged	Liczne obrażenia / Stwardnienie rozsiane
Self-inflicted injury	The intentional, direct injuring of body tissue most often done without suicidal intentions	Samookaleczenie
Non-invasive procedure	A health intervention that does not require incision into the body or the removal of tissue	Zabieg bezinwazyjny
Depressive disorder / symptoms	Any of a number of conditions characterized by one or more depressive episodes / ---	Zaburzenia depresyjne / objawy depresji
Asymptomatic disease / tumor	The presence in a patient of a condition which may be diagnosed by one or more modalities but does not currently cause clinical disease	Choroba bezobjawowa / ?
First-degree burn / tumor	A burn that affects the epidermis only, causing erythema without blistering / ---	Oparzenie 1-szego stopnia / guz łagodny (niezłośliwy?)
Autoimmune disease	Any of a group of disorders in which tissue injury is associated with humoral or cell-mediated responses to the body's own constituents (tak chodzi o słowo humoralny w znaczeniu medycznym)	Choroba autoimmunologiczna
Prescribe medicine / a drug		Przepisać lek (nie znalazłem konkretnej różnicy między medicine a drug – kwestia zastosowania)
Relieve the pain / the tension		Uśmierzyć ból / rozładować napięcie
Book an appointment / a session		Umówić się na spotkanie / zarezerwować wizytę
Get better / over an illness	To improve / To recover from [an illness]	Poprawić się / dojść do siebie po chorobie
Feel ill/sick/ under the weather		Mieć mdłości / źle się czuć / kiepsko się czuć (nieco chory)
Have an operation / an injection		Mieć operację / mieć zastrzyk
Fight off an illness / a disease	To struggle to avoid or repress	Zwalczyć chorobę
Do exercise / sport		Uprawiać ćwiczenia / sport
Recover from an illness / infection		Dojść do siebie po chorobie / infekcji
Be diagnosed with cancer / with heart disease		Zdiagnozować nowotór / chorobę serca
Be fighting fit / poorly	To be very healthy / to feel unwell	Być w pełni sił / czuć się kiepsko
Take medicine / drugs		Brać leki (/narkotyki)
Boost your immune system / energy levels		Wzmacniać układ odpornościowy / wzmaniać poziom energetyczny (posiadać właściwości energizujące)
Suffer from an illness / from depression	To endure or experience unpleasantness, a disease, or a health condition	Cierpieć na chorobę / mieć depresję
Come out in [a rash] / down with [an illness]	To break out with a rash / To become or to be sick with some illness	Dostać wysypki / zachorować
Have a temperature/fever / an accident		Mieć gorączkę/temperature/wypadek
Be over the worst / on the mend	The worst part (in this case sickness) of what is afflicting you, is in the past / Ff you are on the mend, your health is improving after an illness	Mieć najgorsze za sobą / powracać do zdrowia
Stay at home / in bed		Zostać w domu / w łóżku
Abnormal	Not normal for the human body	Nienormalny
Diabetes	Type of disease typically involving insulin deficiency	Cukrzyca
Fatal	Causing death	Śmiertelny
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)	Restoring a person's breath and circulation	Resuscytacja krążeniowo – oddechowa
Acute	Quick to become severe/bad	Ostry / przenikliwy
Benign	Not harmful (not cancerous)	Łagodny
Malignant	Expected to grow and get much worse (especially related to cancerous cells)	Złośliwy
Prenatal	Of the time period leading up to giving birth	Prenatalny
Ambulance	Emergency vehicle that rushes people to a hospital	Ambulans
Fracture Fractured	Broken or cracked bone	Złamana / pęknięta kość
Amputation Amputate	Permanent removal of a limb	Amputacja
Antibiotics	Medication that kills bacteria and cures infections	Antybiotyki
Bacteria	Disease-causing organisms	Bakterie
Appointment	A scheduled meeting with a medical professional	Wizyta
Cast	A hard bandage that is wrapped around a broken bone to keep it in place	Gips
Hives	Bumps that appear on the surface of the skin during an allergic reaction	Pokrzywka
Biopsy	Removal of human tissue in order to conduct certain medical tests	Biopsja
Inflamed	Appearance (red and swollen) of an injured body part	Stan zapalny
Arthritis	A disease that causes the joints to become swollen and crippled	Artretyzm
Coroner	A person who determines the cause of death after a person dies	Koroner
Asthma	A condition that causes a blockage of the airway and makes it difficult for a person to breathe	Astma
Bedsore	Wounds that develop on a patient's body from lying in one place for too long	Odleżyna
Anaemia Anaemic	Occurs when the body doesn't have enough red blood cells	Anemia
Blood count	The amount of red and white blood cells a person has	Morfologia krwi
Blood pressure	The rate at which blood flows through the body (high/low)	Ciśnienie krwi
Anti-depressant	Medication that helps relieve anxiety and sadness	Antydepresant
Brace	A device that holds injured body parts in place	Szyna
Critical condition	Requiring immediate and constant medical attention	Stan krytyczny
Breech	Position of an unborn baby in which the feet are down and the head is up	Poród pośladkowy
Bruise Bruised	Injured body tissue that is visible underneath the skin	Siniak
Cancer	Disease caused by the uncontrollable growth of cells	Rak
Prescription Prescribe	The correct amount and type of medication needed to cure an illness or relieve symptoms	Recepta
Crutches	Objects that people with injured legs or feet use to help them walk	Kule inwalidzkie
Sprain	An injury (less serious than a break) to a joint (ankle, wrist, knee etc)	Skręcenie
Cyst	A sac in the body-tissue filled with fluid (sometimes diseased)	Torbiel / cysta