Czasy przeszłe

1. Past Simple

Czas przeszły prosty

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące

Zdania przeczące

Zdania pytające

I worked.
You worked.
He/she/it worked.

We worked.
You worked.
They worked.

I did not work.*
You did not work.
He/she/it did not work.

We did not work.
You did not work.
They did not work.

Did I work?
Did you work?
Did he/she/it work?

Did we work?
Did you work?
Did they work?

* Zamiast did not często stosuje się formę skróconą didn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

Zastosowanie

Przykład

1.

Mówienie o czynności, która odbyła się w
określonym czasie w przeszłości.

They repaired the car yesterday.
Oni wczoraj naprawili samochód.

2.

Mówienie o powtarzającej się czynności w
przeszłości.

She went to church every Sunday.
Chodziła do kościoła w każdą niedzielę.

2. Past Continuous

Czas przeszły ciągły

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące

Zdania przeczące

Zdania pytające

I was working.
You were working.
He/she/it was working.

We were working.
You were working.
They were working.

I was not working.*
You were not working.
He/she/it was not working.

We were not working.
You were not working.
They were not working.

Was I working?
Were you working?
Was he/she/it working?

Were we working?
Were you working?
Were they working?

* Zamiast was not i were not często stosuje się formy skrócone: wasn't, weren't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

Zastosowanie

Przykład

1.

Mówienie o długości trwania czynności w
przeszłości.

The children were watching TV all day
yesterday.
Dzieci wczoraj cały dzień oglądały telewizję.

2.

Mówienie o czynności, która trwała w
określonym momencie w przeszłości.

This time yesterday I was playing tennis with
Chris.
Wczoraj o tej porze grałem w tenisa z Chrisem.

3. Past Perfect

Czas przeszły dokonany

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące

Zdania przeczące

Zdania pytające

I had worked.
You had worked.
He/she/it had worked.

We had worked.
You had worked.
They had worked.

I had not worked.*
You had not worked.
He/she/it had not worked.

We had not worked.
You had not worked.
They had not worked.

Had I worked?
Had you worked?
Had he/she/it worked?

Had we worked?
Had you worked?
Had they worked?

* Zamiast had not często stosuje się formę skróconą hadn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

Zastosowanie

Przykład

1.

Mówienie o czynności (lub stanie), która
zakończyła się przed określonym momentem w
przeszłości lub przed rozpoczęciem się innej
czynności w przeszłości.

He had left before we arrived.
On wyszedł zanim przyjechaliśmy.

4. Past Perfect Continuous

Czas przeszły dokonany ciągły

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące

Zdania przeczące

Zdania pytające

I had been working.
You had been working.
He/she/it had been working.

We had been working.
You had been working.
They had been working.

I had not been working.*
You had not been working.
He/she/it had not been working.

We had not been working.
You had not been working.
They had not been working.

Had I been working?
Had you been working?
Had he/she/it been working?

Had we been working?
Had you been working?
Had they been working?

* Zamiast had not często stosuje się formę skróconą hadn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

Zastosowanie

Przykład

1.

Mówienie o czynności, która w określonym
momencie w przeszłości trwała już od jakiegoś
czasu.

When I met her, she had been working for the
company for 5 years.
Gdy ją poznałem, już od 5 lat pracowała w tej
firmie.