Nepali-English Dictionary

compiled by Karl-Heinz Krämer

South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg

(updated: 14 April 2007)

aba

ca

adv.

now, from now on

abaddha

cfa$

n./adj.

bound, tied up confined

abela

ca]nf

n./adj.

lateness, late

aber

ca]/

adj.

late

aber bhayo

ca]/ eof]

comp.

it is late

abhas

cfef;

n.

glimpse, shadow,
reflection, vision, faint
memory, inkling

abhav

cefj

n.

non-existence, absence,
lack, scarcity

abhaya

ceo

n.

lack of fear

abhibhavak

cleefjs

n.

guardian

abhilekh

clen]v

n.

inscription

abhinaya

clego

n.

mimicry, imitation

abhiprerit

clek|]l/t

adj.

motivated

abhipret

clek|]t

adj.

planned

abhiram

cle/fd

adj.

extremely beautiful,
sublime

abhiruci

cle?lr

n.

inclination, earnest desire,
liking

abhivriddhi

clej[l$

n.

development

abhiyan

cleofg

n.

expedition, march,
exploration

abhiyog

cleof]u

n.

accusation, allegation,
charge

abhiyukta

cleoÚQm

adj.

accused

abhrak

ce|s

n.

mica, talco (a soft mineral)

abhyas

cEof;

n.

practice

abrak

ce|v

n.

mica, talco (a soft mineral)

acamma

crDd

n.

surprise, wonder,
amazement

acamma lagnu

crDd nfUgÚ

v.i.

to be surprised, to be
amazed, to be astonished

acamma parnu

crDd kgÚ{

v.i.

to be surprised, to be
amazed, to be astonished

1

acamma parnu

crDd kgÚ{

v.t.

to surprise, to amaze, to
astonish

acanak

crfgs

adv.

suddenly, abruptly,
unexpectedly

acano

crfgf]

n.

cutting board for meat

acanu

crfgÚ

n.

cutting board for meat

acar

crf/

n.

hot and sour pickle, pickles,
chutney, salsa

acar

cfrf/

n.

conduct, behaviour

acaran

crf/)f

n.

conduct, behaviour,
practice

accer

cRr]/

n.

letter [of the alphabet],
[written] character, [except
numerals], alphabet,
syllable

acel

cr]n

adv.

these days, nowadays,
recently, presently

achut

c%Út

adj.

untouchable, of lowest
caste

achuti

c%ÚtL

n.

untouchable, lowest caste

achutoddhar

c%Útf]$f/

n.

reformation of
untouchables

ad

cf*

n.

support, prop

adalat

cbfnt

n.

law court

adambar

cf*Da/

n.

conceit, ostentation

adan-pradan

cfbfg k|bfg

–

n.

giving and taking of things,
exchange, social
communication, give and
take

adarniya

cfb/)fLo

adj.

respectable, deserving
honour

adarniya sadasya

cfb/)fLo ;b:o

n.

honorary member

adarsh

cfbz{

n.

ideal, value

adarvaci

cfb/jfrL

adj.

polite

adaunu

c*fpgÚ

v.t.

to support, to hold up, to
stop

adda

c*\*f

n.

office; court of law

adesh

cfb]z

n.

order, instruction,
command

adha

cfwf

adj.

half

adhai baje

c(fO ah]

adv.

half past two

adhaini

c(fOgL

n.

the senior woman in a

2

palace harem

adham

cwd

adj.

mean, low, wretched, base,
vile

adhar

cfwf/

n.

foundation, basis, support

adharat

cfwf/ft

n.

midnight

adharbhut

cfwf/e'^

adj.

basic, fundamental

adharit

cfwfl/t

adj.

based upon

adharit cha

cfwfl/t %

based upon

adharma

cwd{

n.

sinfulness, irreligiousness

adhi

cfwL

adj.

almost a half

adhikar

clwsf/

n.

right, authority, procession,
proprietorship

adhikari

clwsf/L

n.

officer, one having
authority, magistrate,
proprietor

adhikrit

clws[t

adj.

authorised, vested with
authority

adhiraj

clw/fh

n.

supreme ruler, sovereign,
overlord

adhirajkumar

clw/fhsÚdf/

n.

prince

adhirajya

clw/fHo

n.

sovereignty, empire,
kingdom

adhiveshan

clwa]zg

n.

session, meeting, sitting

adhogati

cwf]ult

n.

fall, downfall, degradation

adhunik

cfwÚlgs

adj.

modern, recent, current

adhyaksha

cWoIf

n.

chief, master, director,
chairman, superintendent,
supervisor

adhyay

cWofo

n.

chapter, section, canto

adhyayan

cWoog

n.

study, learning, tuition,
perusal

adi

cflb

n./adj.

beginning, primary, origin,
first, basic; etcetera, etc.

adijati

cflbhflt

n.

tribe, tribal, autoethon

adikal

cflbsfn

n.

primeval time

adikaran

cflbsf/g

n.

first cause, fundamental
cause

adikavi

cflbslj

n.

first poet, pioneer poet

adikavya

cflbsfJo

n.

first epic, Ramayana

adinu

cl*gÚ

v.i.

to stop

adityavar

cflbtojf/

n.

Sunday

3

adivasi

cflbjfl;

n.

aborigine, original
inhabitant

adkalnu

c*\sNgÚ

v.t.

to guess

adkanu

c*\sgÚ

v.i.

to get stuck, to be stopped,
to be halted

adkaunu

c*\sfpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to stick

adnu

c*\gÚ

v.i.

to stop, to cease moving

aduva

cbÚjf

n.

ginger

advittiya

clålQo

adj.

unparalleled, second-to-
none

agadha

cufw

adj.

unfathomable, bottomless,
deep

agadi

cufl*

postp.

in front of, before, ahead,
toward the front, first

agadi badhaunu

cufl* a(fpgÚ

v.t.

to lead forward

agadi badhnu

cufl* a(\gÚ

v.i.

to advance, to move
forward

agal-bagal

cun aun

–

adv.

from left to right, on both
sides

agami

cfufdL

adj.

coming, forthcoming,
ensuing

agati

cult

n.

decline, lack of progress

age

cfu]

adj.

before, future, in furute

agena

cu]gf

n.

fireplace, hearth

ageno

cu]gf]

n.

fireplace

aghadi

c#fl*

in front of, before, toward
the front, first

aghat

cf#ft

n.

blow, assault

aghaun

cf#f}+

adv.

next year

aghaunu

c#fpgÚ

v.i.

to be satisfied with eating

aghi

cl#

already, before, previously,
formerly, facing, in front of,
ago,

aghi lagnu

cl# nfUgÚ

v.t.

to go first, to go ahead, to
lead, to guide

aghi nai

cl# g}

adv.

already, long ago

aghi sarnu

cl# ;gÚ[{

v.i.

to advance, to volunteer, to
incite, to instigate

aghi-aghi

cl# cl#

–

a long time ago, in times
gone by

aghillo

cl#Nnf]

adj.

first, former, front, anterior,

4

last, previous

aghiltira

cl#lNt/

adv.

in front of, facing

aghi-pachi

cl# kl%

–

some other time, before, on
other occasions, generally,
usually, in single file, one
after another, sequentially,
surrounded by

aghisamma

cl#;Dd

adv.

until recently

aglo

cUnf]

adj.

tall, high

aglo

cfUnf]

n.

latch, bolt

aglyaunu

cUNofpgÚ

v.t.

to lock, to pull to [a door]

agni

clUg

n.

fire

agnikand

clUgsf)*

n.

fire, conflagration

ago

cfuf]

n.

fire

agraha

cfu|x

n.

desire, longing, craving,
zeal, urging, insistence

agulto

cuÚN^f]

n.

piece of burning wood

aguva

cuÚjf

n./adv.

leader, leading

agya

cf!f

n.

order, command,
instruction, permission

agyakari

cf!fsf/L

adj.

obedient

agyan

v!fg

n./adj.

ignorance; ignorant

agyat

c!ft

adj.

unknown, secret, obscure

ahan

cx

int.

no

ahangkar

cx°f/

n.

arrogance, conceit

ahar

cfxf/

n.

food, diet

ahara

cfxf/f

n.

food, diet

ahat

cfxt

adj.

struck, beaten

ahile

clxn]

adv.

now, this time

aimai

cfOdfO{

n.

woman

ain

P]g

n.

law, legal code, rule

aina

P]gf

n.

mirror, looking glass, pane
of glass

aincatana

P]+rftfgf

adj.

out of control, controlled by
outsideforces

ainselu

P];]]nÚ

n.

yellow raspberry

aipugnu

cfOkÚUgÚ

v.i.

to arrive

aitavar

cfOtjf/

n.

Sunday

5

aitihasik

P]ltxfl;s

adj.

historical

aja

cfh

adv.

today

aja bihana

cfh laxfgf

comp.

this morning

ajabholi

cfhef]ln

adv.

nowadays

ajakal

cfhsfn

adv.

nowadays

ajan

chfg

adj.

ignorant

ajang

chª

adj.

huge, very big, enormous,
formidable

ajat

chft

adj.

outcaste, low caste, not
born

ajatshatru

chftzqÚ

adj.

having no enemy

ajha

c´

adv.

still, yet, moreover, now

ajhai

c´}

conj.

even then, even now

ajivan

cfhLjg

adj.

throughout life, for a whole
life-time

akad

cs*

n.

insistence, obstinacy,
stubbornness, persistence

akado

cs*f]

adj.

obstinate, stubborn

akal

csn

wisdom, intelligence,
cleverness, knowledge,
skilful, clever, wise

akalpaniya

csNkgLo

adj.

unimaginable, unthinkable,
inconceivable

akamakaunu

csdsfpgÚ

v.i.

to hesitate, to pause

akamakka

csdSs

adj.

confused, baffled,
disconcerted,
dumbfounded, perplexed

akamakka parnu

csdSs kfg{

v.t.

to be confused, to be
baffled, to be in a
quandary, to be taken
aback, to be disconcerted,
to be rattled, to hesitate, to
pause

akangksha

cfsfª\Iff

n.

aspiration

akanksha

cfsf+Iff

n.

wish, desire, intention

akantak

cs)^s

adj.

free from trouble,
unobstructed, thornless

akapat

csk^

adj.

guiltless, frank, open

akar

cfsf/

n.

size, shape, form, outline

akaraniya

cs/)fLo

adj.

improper, unfit to be
performed

akarma

csd{

n.

unnecessary act, wicked

6

act

akarmak

csd{s

adj.

intransitive

akarmanya

csd{)o

adj.

idle, useless, good for
nothing

akarmi

csdL{

n.

a do nothing, sinner, evil-
doer, rogue, villain

akarna

cs)f{

deaf, having no ear

akarna

csg{

n.

official record, document,
list of official records

akarsan

cfsif{)f

n.

attraction

akartavya

cst{Jo

adj.

improper, unfit to be done

akartha

csfy{

adj.

without cause, pointlessly,
in vain

akash

cfsfz

n.

sky, space

akashe tara-marg

cfsfz] tf/ dfu{

–

n.

cable railway

akashvani

cfsfZjf)fL

n.

radio broadcast

akasmat

cs:dft

adv.

suddenly, accidentally,
unexpectedly, all of a
sudden

akasmik

cfsl:ds

adj.

sudden, abrupt, accidental,
casual

akathaniya

csygLo

adj.

inexpressible,
indescribable,
inexpressible, obscene,
indecent

akathya

csYo

adj.

inexpressible,
indescribable,
inexpressible, obscene,
indecent, filthy, unutterable

akavat

csjt

n.

duty, God

akbar

csa/

n.

name of the third Indian
Moghul Emperor

akbare

csa/]

adj.

pungent chilli, extraordinary
hot

akbari

csa/L

adj.

related to Akbar, pure,
unadulterated

akelo

cs]nf]

adj.

alone

akhabar

cvaf/

n.

newspaper

akhir

cflv/

adv.

at last, eventually

akkal

cSsn

n.

knowledge, cleverness,
thought

akkali

cSsnL

adj.

clever, intelligent

akkase

cSsf;]

adj.

sky-blue

7

akkasinu

cSsfl;gÚ

v.i.

to fly up

akraman

cfqmd)f

n.

attack, invasion

akrista

cfs[i^

adj.

attracted, drawn, charmed

akriti

cfs[lt

n.

size, shape, form, outline

aksar

cS;/

adv.

often, frequently, usually,
many, a lot

akshansh

cIff+z

n.

latitude

akshar

cIf/

n.

letter [of the alphabet],
[written] character, [except
numerals], alphabet,
syllable

aksijan

clS;hg

n.

oxygen

alag

cnu

separate, different

alainci

cn}+rL

n.

cardamom

alangkar

cn°f/

n.

embellishment

alasya

cfn:o

n.

laziness, idleness

alchi

cN%L

adj.

lazy, idle

alekha

cfn]v

n.

writing, script, anything
written

algyaunu

cNUofpgÚ

v.t.

tho lift, to raise, to release,
to set free

alhad

cfNxfb

n.

delight, fulfilment

ali

cln

adj.

a bit, a little, few

ali

cfnL

n.

ridge at the edge of a field-
terrace

alikati

clnslt

adj.

a little, a small quantity

alilo

clnnf]

adj.

lacking salt, tasteless

aljhanu

cN´gÚ

v.i.

to get caught up in

aljhaunu

cN´fpgÚ

v.t.

to entangle

alkatra

cnsqf

n.

asphalt

allare

cNnf/]

n.

rover

almalaunu

cNdnfpgÚ

v.t.

to confuse, to lead astray

almalinu

cndlngÚ

v.i.

to be bewildered, to be
amazed, to be confused

almari

cfNdf/L

n.

shelves, cupboard

alocana

cfnf]rgf

n.

criticism, critique

alocanatmak

cfnf]rgfTds

adj.

critical

8

alok

cfnf]s

n.

enlightenment, light,
brightness

alpamat

cNkdt

n.

minority

alsi

cN;L

adj.

lazy, idle

alu

cfnÚ

n.

potato

alu tachnu

cfnÚ tf%\gÚ

v.t.

to peel off potatoes

alubakhada

cfnÚav*f

n.

plum-tree

am

cfd

adj.

common, general

ama

cfdf

n.

mother

amai

cfd}

n.

grandmother [rural]

amaju

cfdfh'

n.

husband's elder sister

amala

cdnf

n.

a kind of fruit [sour-sweet]

amanav

cdfgj

adj.

inhuman

amanya

cdfGo

adj.

unaccepted, unobeyed

amar

cd/

adj.

immortal, undying

amarkosh

cd/sf]z

n.

(a Sanskrit dictionary
compiled by Amar Singh)

amba

cDaf

n.

guava

amdani

cfDbfgL

n.

income

amdani badhaune

cfdbfgL a(fpg]

n.

income generating

amilo

cldnf]

adj.

sour

amir

cdL/

adj.

wealthy, rich

amiri

cdL/L

adj.

wealthy, rich

amkhora

cDvf]/f

n.

brass pot for drinking from,
tumbler

amnirvacan

cfdlgjf{rg

n.

general elections

amol

cdf]n

adj.

priceless, invaluable

amrit

cd[t

n./adj.

elixir, nectar; immortal

amulya

cd'No

adj.

priceless, invaluable

amurta

cd't{

adj.

formless

an

c

int.

yes

anadarvaci

cgfb/jfrL

adj.

non-honorific [ling.]

anadi

cgflb

adj.

having no beginning, self-
born

analamaya

cgndo

adj.

fiery

anand

cfgGb

n.

happiness

anandi

cfgGbL

adj.

happy

9

ananta

cgGt

adj.

infinite, endless

anar

cgf/

n.

pomegranate

anarsa

cg;f{

n.

a kind if sweet bread made
of rice flour, sugar and
butter

anashan

cgzg

n.

fasting

anatha

cgfy

adj.

uncared for, orphaned

anautha

cgf}&f

adj.

queer, unusual,
extraordinary

anautho

cgf}&f]

adj.

queer, unusual,
extraordinary, strange,
peculiar

anautikta

cgf}ltQmf

n.

immorality

anavarat

cgj/t

adj.

unceasing, constant

anbhaunu

cGefpgÚ

v.t.

to say good-bye to the
couple in marriage, to send
away a bride

ancal

c~rn

n.

zone

ancal adalat

c~rn cbfnt

n.

zonal court

ancal nyayadhish

c~rn GofofwLif

n.

zonal judge

ancal prashasan

c~rn k|zf;g

n.

zonal administration

ancal sabha

c~rn ;ef

n.

zonal assembly

ancaladhish

c~rnfwLz

n.

zonal commissioner

ancetnu

cr]&\gÚ

v.t.

to discipline, to impress, to
press, to push with force

anda

cG*f

n.

egg

andaji

cGbfhL

adv.

appropriately, about

anderi

c*]/L

n.

castor-oil plant

andha

cGwf

adj.

blind

andhabhakta

cGweQm

n.

blind follower, superstitious
person

andhakar

cGwsf/

n.

darkness

andheri

cw]/L

adj.

dark, gloomy

andhi

cflw

n.

storm, strong wind

andhiyar

cflwof/

n.

sharer of half the land or
crop

andhopan

cGwf]kg

n.

blindness

andhyaro

cWof/f]

n./adj.

dark, gloomy, sad,
darkness, ignorance, gloom

andolan

cfGbf]ng

n.

agitation, riot, movement

10

andra

cfGb|f

n.

entrails

anduva

c*Újf

n.

not castrated animal

aneka

cg]s

adj.

several, many

ang

cfª

n.

part, body, portion, limb,
procedure

anga pugnu

cé kÚUgÚ

to be the procedure
complete

anga-bhanga

cé e

–

é

n.

mutilation of a limb

anga-bhanga garnu

cé e

–

é ugÚ{

v.t.

to amputate, to dismember,
to mutilate

angacched

céR%]b

n.

amputation

angalnu

cuNgÚ

v.t.

to adopt, to accept, to
follow, to embrace, to hug

angalo

cufnf]

n.

hug, embrace, armful, the
bent arm

angan

cfug

n.

yard, courtyard, house,
home

angar

cuf/

n.

cinder, ember, the black
substance of charcoal

anga-raksha

cé/Iff

n.

protection of body

anga-rakshak

cé/Ifs

n.

body guard

angethi

cu]&L

n.

iron or clay vessel to carry
fire, portable fireplace

anggur

cu'/

n.

grape

anghi

cf#L

n.

storm, whirlwind, hurricane

angikar

céLsf/

n.

acceptance

angikar garnu

céLsf/ ugÚ{

v.t.

to accept, to follow

angikrit

c+uLs[t

adj.

adopted, agreed, promised

angikrit nagarikta

c+uLs[t gful/stf

n.

adopted citizenship

angikrit nepali
nagarikta

c+uLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf n.

adopted Nepali citizenship

anginti

cglulGt

adj.

countless

angka

c°

n.

numeral, digit, issue,
number [of a periodical],
mark [in an examination],
score, points [in a game],
act [in a drama]

angka ra akshar

c° / cIf/

figure and letter

angka ra aksharle
bolaunu

c° / cIf/n] af]nfpgÚ

to call by figure and word

angka-ganit

c°ul)ft

n.

arithmetic, mathematics

11

angkamal

c°dfn

n.

embrace

angkapatra

c+skq

n.

label, fillet

angkit

c+lst

adj.

marked, written, endorsed,
encounted

angkuran

c+sÚ/)f

n.

germination, beginning

angocha

cuf]%f

n.

towel, napkin

angrej

c+u|]h

n.

Englishman, Westerner,
white man

angreji

c+u|]hL

n./adj.

English, British, English
language

angsha

c+z

n.

share, division, fragment,
ingredient, contribution,
element, portion, clause,
sub-clause

angshadan

c+zbfg

n.

contribution, donation

angshadhar

c+zw/

n.

share-holder, heir

angshako hak

c+zsf] xs

n.

heirship, right to the
paternal property

angshiyar

c+lzof/

n.

co-heir, sharer, partner

angul

c+uÚn

n.

finger, a finger's breadth

anguli mudra

c+uÚnL dÚb|f

n.

fingerprint, nameprinted
ring

anguli pratimudra

c+uÚnL k|ltdÚb|f

n.

finger impression

angur

c+uÚ/

n.

grape

ani

clg

conj.

and, then, and then

anicchit

clglR%t

adj.

undesired, unwished for

anikal

clgsfn

n.

famine

anil

clgn

n.

wind

anivarya

clgjfo{

adj.

inevitable

anjali

c~hnL

n.

the open palms of the
hands held together and
slightly cupped, a double
handful, offering in worship,
tribute

anjuli

c~hÚnL

n.

the open palms of the
hands held together and
slightly cupped, a double
handful, offering in worship,
tribute

anka

c+s

n.

numeral, digit, issue,
number [of a periodical],
mark [in an examination],
score, points [in a game],

12

act [in a drama]

ankai

csfO{

n.

estimate, evaluation

ankanaunu

cGsgfpgÚ

v.i.

to hesitate

ankha

cfvf

n.

eye

ankhako nani

cfvfsf] gfgL

n.

pupil

ankhibhuin

cfvfLe'O

n.

eyebrow

ankuro

csÚ/f]

n.

shoot, seedling, bud, fresh
shoot of a plant

ankush

c+sÚz

n.

hook

anmaunu

cGdfpgÚ

v.t.

to say good-bye to the
couple in marriage, to send
away a bride

anna

cGg

n.

grain, food

anna-bhandar

cGge)*f/

n.

granary

anp

cfk

n.

mango

anshu

cfz'

n.

tear, teardrop

ant

cf&

n.

courage, boldness

anta

cf&f

n.

wheat flour

anta

cGt

n.

end, conclusion

anta garnu

cGt ugÚ{

v.t.

to end, to finisch

antai

cGt}

adv.

elsewhere

antar

cGt/

n./adj.

difference, interval; inner,
inter-

antaral rajya

cGt/fn /fHof

n.

buffer state

antardeshiya

c+tb]{zLo

adj.

inland, domestic

antardeshiya jalpath

c+tb]{zLo hnky

n.

inland waterways

antardeshiya patra

c+tb]{zLo kq

n.

inland letter

antardeshiya vanijya

c+tb]{zLo jfl)fHo

n.

internal trade

antardhvans

c+tWj{;

n.

sabotage

antargat

cGtu{t

adj.

included, comprised

antargrasta

c+tu|{:t

adj.

involved

antarik

cfGtl/s

adj.

interior, inner, internal

antariksha

cGt/LIf

n.

space, universe

antarmukhi

cGtdÚ{lv

adj.

introvert, inward-looking

antarrastriya

cGt/f{li^«o

adj.

international

antarrastriya kanun

cGt/f{li^«o sfg'g

n.

international law

antarrastriya

cGt/f{li^«o dÚb|sf]if

n.

International Monetary

13

mudrakos

Fund [IMF]

antarvarta

cGtjf{tf{

n.

interview

antarvasan

c+tjf{;g

n.

internship, confinement
within prescribed limits

antarvasi

c+tjf{;L

n.

internee

antarvasit

c+tjf{l;t

adj.

interned

antarvasit garnu

c+tjf{l;t ugÚ{

v.t.

to intern

antarvirodh

cGt/lj/f]w

n.

self-contradiction, inner
contradiction

antastha desh

cGt:y b]z

n.

buffer state

anthanabbe

cG&fgAa]

num.

ninety-eight, 98

anthaunna

cG&fpGg

num.

fifty-eight, 58

anthyaunu

c&ØfpgÚ

v.t.

to catch firmly, to seize, to
clutch, to grasp firmly

anti

c+lt

n.

ultimatum

antim

clGtd

adj.

last, final, conclusive,
ultimate

antis

clGt;

adj.

last

antnu

cf^\gÚ

v.i.

to dare, to take the risk

antya

cGTo

n./adj.

end, last run

antyesti

cGTo]lit

n.

the last rites after death,
funeral ceremony,
obsequies

anubhav

cgÚej

n.

experience, feeling,
sensation

anubhavi

cgÚelj

adj.

experienced

anubhuti

cgÚe'lt

n.

real knowledge,
experience, sensation

anudan

cgÚbfg

n.

grant

anugaman

cgÚudg

n.

follow-up

anuhar

agÚxf/

n.

face, countenance

anukramnika

cgÚqmdl0fsf

n.

contents, list of contents

anukul

cgÚs'n

adj.

favourable, agreeable,
friendly

anuman

cgÚdfg

n.

inference, guess,
presumption

anumati

cgÚdlt

n.

permission, consent,
assent

anupasthit

cgÚkl:yt

adj.

absent

anupras

cgÚk|f;

n.

alliteration

14

anurodh

cgÚ/f]w

n.

request, entreaty, prayer

anurodh garnu

cgÚ/f]w ugÚ{

v.t.

to request, to ask for, to
pray

anurup

cgÚ¿k

adj.

resembling, corresponding,
similar, analogous,
congruous

anusandhan

cgÚ;Gwfg

n.

research, investigation

anusar

cgÚ;f/

postp.

according to, in accordance
with, equivalent to, in
conformity with

anusaran

cgÚ;/)f

n.

compliance, accordance

anushasan

cgÚzf;g

n.

discipline, instruction

anuvad

cgÚjfb

n.

translation, immitation

anuvakta

cgÚjQmf

n.

translator

anuvar

cgÚjf/

n.

face, countenance

anveshan

cGj]z)f

n.

exploration

anya

cGo

adj.

other

anyatra

cGoq

adj.

elsewhere, somewhere
else, in some other place

anyaya

cGofo

n.

injustice

apaci

ckrL

adj.

undigested, undigestible

apadha

ck(

adj.

illiterate, unlettered

apaharan

ckx/)f

n.

abduction, kidnapping,
usurpation

apanaunu

ckgfpgÚ

v.t.

to adopt, to make use of, to
apply

aparadh

ck/fw

n.

crime, offence, guilt, fault,
sin

aparadhi

ck/fwL

n./adj.

criminal, wrongdoer

aparicit

ckl/lrt

adj.

unknown, unfamiliar

aparjhat

ck/´&

adv.

suddenly, surprisingly, all of
a sudden

apas

cfk;

n.

those close to oneself,
relatives

apashoc

ckzf]r

n.

regret, sorrow

apasma

cfk;df

adj.

among each other, among
themselves

aphai

cfkm}

adv.

self, personally

aphisar

clkm;/

n.

officer

aphno

cfkm\Gff]

adj.

one's own

15

aphnu

cfkm\Gf'

adj.

one's own

apil

ckLn

n.

appeal, contradiction,
objection

aprakashit

ck|sflzt

adj.

unpublished

apratyashik

ck|Toflzs

adj.

unexpected, sudden

apravasi

cfk|jf;L

n.

immigrant

apsara

cK;/f

n.

nymph, fairy, spirit

apurva

ck'j{

adj.

new, strange

arab

c/a

num.

one billion, 1.00.00.00.000

arajakta

c/fhstf

n.

anarchy

arakshan

cf/If)f

n.

reservation

aram

cf/fd

n.

comfort, rest

arambha

cf/De

n.

beginning, start

are

c/]

(reported speech marker)

arini

cC)fL

adj.

free from debt

arje

cfh]{

n.

prophecy, prediction,
forecast

arko

csf]{

adj.

another, next, second

arop

cf/f]k

n.

imputation, allegation,
insinuation, accusation

arpanu

ck{gÚ

v.t.

to offer up, to dedicate

artha

cy{

n.

finance, wealth, nmeaning,
significance, import,
interpretation, explanation

arthadanda

cy{b)*

n.

fine

artha-mantri

cy{dGqL

n.

minister of finance

arthashastra

cy{zf:q

n.

economics, political
economy

arthat

cyf{t

adv.

that is to say, in other
words, i.e.

arthik

cfly{s

adj.

economic, financial

arthik matava

cfly{s dxTj

n.

economic importance

arthyaunu

cYof{pgÚ

v.t.

to make sense of, to
understand

arti

ctL{

n.

advice, counsel, lesson,
instruction, precept, moral
lesson, admonition

aru

cf¿

n.

peach

aru

c¿

adj.

another, more, either,
further

16

aru kohi

c¿ sf]xL

someone else

arubakhada

cf¿av*f

n.

plum

asabhya

c;Eo

adj.

uncivilised, uncultured

asadh

c;f(

n.

Asadh or Asar, third month
of the Nepali year [June-
July]

asadharan

c;fwf/)f

adj.

unusual, uncommon

asadhya

c;fWo

adj.

very, extremely

asahamati

c;xdlt

n.

disagreement, dissent,
discordance

asahaya

c;xfo

adj.

helpless

asal

c;n

adj.

real, true, pure,
unadulterated, morally
good

asali

c;nL

adj.

real, genuine

asam

cf;fd

n.

Assam

asaman

cf;dfg

n.

sky

asamanta

c;dfGtf

n.

inequality

asamaya

c;do

n.

untimeliness, bad or
unfitting time

asamayik

c;fdlos

adj.

inopportune, untimely,
inconvenient

asambhava

c;Dej

adj.

impossible

asan

cf;g

n.

seat, stool, office, post,
posture, throne

asanggati

c;+ult

n.

incoherence, irrelevance,
absurdity, irrationality,
incompatibility, anomaly

asankhya

c;+Vo

adj.

innumerable, countless,
beyond number

asanna

cf;Gg

adj.

imminent, impencing, near,
close

asantusta

c;GtÚi&

adj.

dissatisfied, discontented,
displeased, reluctant

asantusti

c;GtÚli&

n.

dissatisfaction

asapas

cf;kf;

adv.

nearabout, nearby

asaphal

c;kmn

adj.

unsuccessful, failure

asar

c;f/

n.

Asadh or Asar, third month
of the Nepali year [June-
July]

asar

c;/

n.

effect, influence, mark,
authority

17

asat

c;t\

adj.

evil, bad, non-existent,
illusory

ash

cfz

n.

hope

asha

cfzf

n.

hope

ashangka

cfz+sf

n.

suspicion, doubt, fear,
dread

ashanti

czflGt

n.

lack of peace, unrest

ashaya

cfzo

n.

meaning, aim, intention,
purport

ashcarya

cfZro{

n.

wonder, surprise,
astonishment

ashcaryalagdo

cfZro{nfUbf]

adj.

surprising

ashiksha

clzIff

n.

illiteracy

ashikshit

clzlIft

adj.

uneducated, unlettered,
illiterate

ashirvacan

cfzLj{rg

n.

blessing, benediction

ashirvacan

cfzLj{rg

n.

blessing

ashirvad

cfzLjf{b

n.

blessing, benediction

ashirvad

cfzLjf{b

n.

blessing

ashis

cflzif

n.

blessing, benediction

ashis dinu

cflzif lbgÚ

v.t.

to bless

ashlil

cZnLn

adj.

indecent, vulgar

ashram

cf>d

n.

hermitage, residential
institute

ashraya

cf>o

n.

dependence, resort,
reliance, retreat

ashrit

cfl>t

postp.

depending on, relying on

ashu

cfzÚ

adj.

quick, speedily, immediate,
swift

ashuddha

czÚ$

adj.

impure

ashutos

cfzÚtf]if

adj.

contended, easily pleased

ashvin

cflZjg

n.

Ashvin or Asoj, fifth month
of the Nepali year
[September-October]

asi

c;L

eighty, 80

asima

c;Ld

adj.

boundless, unlimited

asimit

c;Lldt

adj.

boundless, unlimited

asoj

c;f]h

n.

Ashvin or Asoj, fifth month
of the Nepali year
[September-October]

18

aspast

c:ki&

adj.

not clear, indistinct, vague,
dim, obscure, blurred,
ambiguous

aspastata

c:ki&tf

n.

lack of clarity, uncertainty,
haziness

aspatal

c:ktfn

n.

hospital

astaunu

c:tfpgÚ

v.i.

to set [sun, moon or star]

astha

cf:yf

n.

faith, reverence, veneration

asthipanjar

cl:ykGh/

n.

skeleton

asti

cl:t

adv.

the day before yesterday,
recently, the other day

astiko bihibar

cl:tsf] laxLaf/

last Thursday

astitva

cl:tTj

n.

existence, being, entity

astrashastra

a:qz:q

n.

weaponry, armament,
arms, weapons

astreliya

c:&«]lnof

n.

Australien

asuvidha

c;'ljwf

n.

inconvenience

asvabhavik

c:jefljs

adj.

unnatural

asvasth

c:j:y

adj.

unhealthy.morbid

asvikar

c:jLsf/

n.

non-acceptance, rejection,
refusal, denial

atah

ctM

conj.

hence, therefore, thus

atainu

c^fOgÚ

v.i.

to fit into, to be contained

atal

c^n

adj.

firm, irrevocable, resolute,
unwavering, steadfast, still,
unmoving

atangka

cft°

n.

fear, terror, panic, phobea,
suffering

atangkit

cftl°t

adj.

terrified

ataunu

c^fpgÚ

v.i.

to fit into, to be contained

ateri

c^]/L

adj.

headstrong, obstinate

ath

cf&

num.

eight, 8

athara

c&f/

adj.

eighteen, 18

athasi

c&f;L

adj.

eighty-eight, 88

athaun

cf&f}+

adj.

eighth

athava

cyjf

conj.

or

athcalis

c&rfnL;

adj.

forty-eight, 48

athhattar

c&xQ/

adj.

seventy-eight, 78

athsatthi

c&;&\&L

adj.

sixty-eight, 68

19

athtis

c&tL;

adj.

thirty-eight, 38

ati

clt

adj.

very much, exceeding,
extremely, beyond

atikraman

cltqmd)f

n.

infringement,
contravention, violation

atirikta

cltl/Qm

adv.

extra, additional, excessive

atit

ctLt

n./adv.

past, gone

atithighar

cltly#/

n.

guest house, guest
chamber

atithishala

cltlyzfnf

n.

guest house, guest
chamber

atma

cfTdf

n.

mind, heart, intellect, soul

atmabhiman

cfTdfledfg

n.

self-respect, self-esteem

atmabodhak

cfTdfaf]ws

adj.

reflexive [linguistics]

atmahatya

cfTdxTof

n.

suicide, self-murder, self-
killing

atmanirbhar

cfTdlge{/

n.

self-dependence, self-
support

atmasamman

cfTd;Ddfg

n.

self-respect, self-regard

atmavibhorta

cfTdljef]/tf

n.

fascination

atmavishvas

cfTdljZjf;

n.

self-confidence

atripti

ct[lKt

n.

insatiability, lack of
appeasement

attalika

c§flnsf

n.

balcony, verandah

attar

cQ/

n.

scent, fragrance

atthais

a&&fO{;

adj.

twenty-eight, 28

attinu

cflQgÚ

v.i.

to be frightened, to be
nerveous

atur

cftÚ/

adj.

sick, wounded, impatient,
anxious

atut

c^Ú^

adj.

unbroken, continuous,
continual

atuva

c^'jf

n.

ginger

atyacar

cTofrf/

n.

atrocity, tyranny, excess,
outrage, oppression

atyanta

cToGt

adj.

a lot, much, very much,
exceedingly, utterly,
extremely

atyavashyak

cTofjZos

adj.

very necessary, essential

atyukti

cToÚlQm

n.

hyperbole, exaggeration

au

cf}

conj.

and

20

aucitya

cf}lrTo

n.

propriety, appropriateness,
validity

audyogik

cf}Bf]lus

adj.

industrial

aunlo

cf}+nf]

n.

finger

aunlyaunu

cf}+NofpgÚ

v.t.

to point at

aunsi

cf}+;L

n.

new moon, last day of the
dark half of the month

aunu

cfpgÚ

v.i.

to come

aupacarik

cf}krfl/s

adj.

formal, ceremonial

aupacarik adarvaci

cf}krfl/s cfb/jfrL

adj.

formally polite [linguistics]

ausadhipasal

cf}iflwk;n

n.

chemist's (shop),
pharmacy, drugstore

avadhi

cjlw

n.

periode, time, limit, term,
duration

avahela

cjx]nf

n.

neglect, disdain, contempt

avahelna

cjx]ngf

n.

neglect, disdain, contempt

avaj

cfjfh

n.

voice, sound, report, uproar

avakash

cjsfz

n.

free time

avalamban

cjnDag

n.

support, reliance

avalokan

cjnf]sg

n.

look, gaze

avanati

cjglt

n.

decline, downfall

avarodh

cj/f]w

n.

obstruction, hindrance,
impediment, restraint,
taboo

avas

cfjf;

n.

dwelling, place of residence

avasar

cj;/

n.

opportunity, chance,
occasion, scope

avasar paunu

cj;/ kfpgÚ

v.t.

to take a chance

avashya

cjZo

adv.

certainly

avashyak

cfjZos

adj.

necessary, needful,
inevitable

avashyakta

cfjZostf

n.

necessity, need,
requirement

avastha

cj:yf

n.

condition, state, age,
phase, despondency

avasyakta

cfj:oQm

n.

need, necessity,
requirement

avat-javat

cfjt hfjt

–

n.

coming and going,
connection, transmigration

avicchinna

cljlRrGg

adj.

uninterrupted, continuous

21

avikasit

cljsl;t

adj.

undeveloped

avishvas

cljZjf;

n.

distrust, disbelief, non-
confidence, suspicion,
doubt

aviskar

cfljisf/

n.

discovery, invention

avivekpurna

cljj]sk')f{

adj.

without reason, for no
reason, unfounded

avyavastha

cJoj:yf

n.

disorder

ayaram gayaram

cfof/fd uof/fd

n.

frequent defectionist

ayarlaind

cfo/n})*

n.

Ireland

ayog

cfof]u

n.

commission

ayojana

cfof]hgf

n.

project

ba

af

n.

father [colloquially]

babu

afaÚ

n.

father

bacaunu

arfpgÚ

v.t.

to save, to defend, to spare

bada

a*f

adj.

big, large, gigantic, og
great size

bada hakim

a*f xflsd

n.

district officer

badal

afbn

n.

cloud

badam

abfd

n.

peanut

badamash

abdfz

adj.

wicked, immoral,
mischievous

badanam

abgfd

adj.

caluminated, infamous

badha

afwf

n.

hinderance, obstacle,
obstruction

badhak

afws

adj.

hindering, obstructing

badharnu

a(fgÚ{

v.t.

sweep

badhaunu

a(fpgÚ

v.t.

to increase, to make
bigger, to enlarge

badhi

a(L

adj.

more, larger, higher

badhiya

al(of

adj.

fine, nice, superior,
excellent, of good quality

badhnu

a(\gÚ

v.i.

to increase, to grow, to
advance, to go forward, to
flourish

badi

abL

n.

the dark half of a lunar
month; evil, wickedness

bado

a*f]

adj.

big, large, gigantic

bagainca

au}+rf

n.

garden, orchard

bagbani

afuafgL

n.

gardening, horticulture

22

baggi

aUuL

n.

horse carriage

bagh

af#

n.

tiger

bagha

af#f

n.

obstacle

bagnu

aUgÚ

v.i.

to flow, to glide

bagvani

afujfgL

n.

horticulture

bahadur

axfbÚ/

adj.

brave, bold, courageous,
defiant

bahas

ax;

n.

discussion, argumentation,
debate

bahattar

axQ/

num.

seventy-two, 72

bahek

afx]s

postp.

except, besides

bahini

alxgL

n.

younger sister

bahinijvain

alxgLHjfO

n.

younger sister's husband

bahira

aflx/

postp.

outside, at another place

bahira samet

aflx/ ;d]t

even outside

bahirapatti

aflx/kl§

n.

outside

bahiro

alx/f]

adj.

deaf

bahiskar

alxifsf/

n.

expulsion, removal,
exclusion, ex-
communication

bahra

afx|

num.

twelve, 12

bahraun

afx|f}+

adj.

twelfth

bahudaliya

axÚblno

adj.

multiparty

bahudaliya vyavastha axÚblno joj:yf

n.

multiparty system

bahumat

axÚdt

n.

majority

bahumulya

axÚd'No

adj.

valuable, expensive, very
costly

bahun

afxÚg

n.

Brahmin

baijani

a}hgL

adj.

purple

baink

a}°

n.

bank

bais

afO{;

num.

twenty-two, 22

baisatthi

a};&\&L

num.

sixty-two, 62

baishakh

a}zfv

n.

first month of the Nepali
calendar [April/May]

baithak

a}&s

n.

meeting, session, living
room, sitting room,
reception room

baj

afh

n.

hawk

23

baje

ah]

o'clock

baje

afh]

n.

grandfather

bajet

ah]&

n.

budget

bajhnu

a´\gÚ

v.i.

to quarrel, to wrangle

bajnu

aHgÚ

v.i.

to sound, to chime

bajyai

aHo}

n.

grandmother [lower class],
woman's mother-in-law
[lower class], a Brahmin
woman, an old woman

bakas

afs;

n.

box

bakas

as;

n.

present, gift, reward

bakhat

avt

n.

time, period, moment,
opportunity

bakhri

afv|L

n.

she-goat

bakhro

afv|f]

n.

goat

bakkulo

aSsÚnf]

n.

crane

baklo

afSnf]

adj.

thick

baksanu

aS;gÚ

v.t.

to give, to present [as a
present or reward by a high
standing personality like
the king]

bal

an

n.

strength, power, force,
might

bal

afn

n.

child, boy

balatkar

anfTsf/

n.

rape

bali

anL

adj.

strong, powerful

bali

afnL

n.

standig crops, harvest

balika

afLnsf

n.

young girl

balistha

aln:&

adj.

strong, powerful, stout

baliyo

alnof]

adj.

strong, powerful, stout

balkrishna sama

afns[i)f ;d

n.

Bal Krishna Sama [a
famous Nepali poet]

balnu

aNgÚ

v.i.

to burn, to blaze, to catch
fire

balnu

afNgÚ

v.t.

to kindle, to light, to burn

balti

afN&L

n.

bucket

balun

afnÚg

n.

a kind of folk song

balyakal

afNosfn

n.

childhood

bamojim

adf]lhd

adv.

according to, in accordance

24

with, accordingly

bamojit

adf]lht

adj.

according to, in accordance
with, accordingly

banaunu

agfpgÚ

v.t.

to make, to build, to repair

bancaro

aGr/f]

n.

axe

bancnu

afRgÚ

v.i.

to survive

banda bhayo

aGb eof]

comp.

it is closed, it is shut

banda garnu

aGb ugÚ{

v.t.

to close, to shut

bandakopi

aGbfsf]kL

n.

cabbage

bandar

afb/

n.

monkey

bandel

ab]n

n.

wild pig

bandhan

aGwg

n.

imprisonment

bandhnu

afWgÚ

v.t.

to bind, to tie up, to fasten

bandi

aGbL

n.

hostage, prisoner

bandighar

aGbL#/

n.

prison, jail

bandigriha

aGbLu[x

n.

prison, jail

bandikhana

aGbLvfgf

n.

prison, jail

bandnu

af*\gÚ

v.t.

to part, to divide, to share,
to partition

banel

ag]n

n.

wild pig

bango

aféf]

adj.

crooked, bent, twisted

bangur

a+uÚ/

n.

pig

bani

afgL

n.

habit, disposition, character

banki

afsL

n.

remainder, left over,
residue

bannu

aGgÚ

v.i.

to be ready, to be made

bans

af;

n.

bamboo

bansko purda

af :sf] k'bf{

“

n.

bamboo curtain

bar

af/

n.

fence, temporary wall

bar

af/

n.

weekday [of the Nepali
calendar]

bara

a/f

n.

great-grandfather

barbar

aa{/

n./adj.

barbarian, savage,
barbarisch, wild

barbarta

aa{/tf

n.

barbarity

bare

af/]

postp.

about, realting to,
concerning

bari

af/L

n.

dry field, garden

25

barkha

av{f

n.

rains, rainy season,
monsoon

barnu

afgÚ{

v.t.

to observe, to abstain from

baru

a?

better, rather, or

barulo

af?nf]

n.

wasp

basai sarai

a;fO{ ;/fO{

n.

migration

basalnu

a;fNgÚ

v.t.

to cause to sit, to make
someone sit

basanta

a;Gt

n.

spring

basaunu

a;fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to sit, to make
someone sit

basinda

afl;Gbf

n.

inhabitant, resident

basnu

a:gÚ

v.i.

to sit, to settle, to remain

basobas

a;f]af;

n.

residence, place of
residence

basovas

a;f]jf;

n.

residence, place of
residence

bata

af&

postp.

from, by

bata marnu

aft dfgÚ{

v.i.

to talk

batas

atf;

n.

wind, air

batho

af&f]

adj.

intelligent, clever

bato

af^f]

n.

road, path, way

bato lagnu

af^f] nfUgÚ

v.t.

to set off

battai

a§fO{

n.

quail

batti

aQL

n.

lamp

battis

aQL;

num.

thirty-two, 32

batuko

a^Úsf]

n.

cup, bowl

baulaha

af}nfxf

adj.

mad, lunatic

baunna

afpGg

num.

fifty-two, 52

bayalis

aofnL;

num.

forty-two, 42

bayan

aofg

n.

description, narration,
account

bayan

afof

adj.

left

bayanabbe

aofgAa]

num.

ninety-two, 92

bayasi

aof;L

num.

eighty-two, 82

becnu

a]RgÚ

v.t.

to sell, to dispose off

beglo

a]Unf]

adj.

separated

behornu

a]xf]gÚ{

v.i.

to bear, to make use of, to

26

look after, to afford

bela

a]nf

n.

time, occasion

beluka

a]nÚsf

n./adj.

evening, in the evening,
after sunset

bemajja

a]dHhf

adj.

not pleasing

benci

a]GrL

n.

bench

bensi

a]+;L

n.

valley, lowland, lower
portion of a hill

bepar

a]kf/

n.

trade, commerce

bepar garnu

a]kf/ ugÚ{

v.t.

to trade, to sell

bepari

a]kf/L

n.

trader, merchant

ber

a]/

n.

time, delay, late

berojgar

a]/f]huf/

n.

unemployment

bes

a];

adj.

good, very good

besar

a];f/

n.

turmeric

besari

a];/L

adv.

nicely, abundantly,
profusely, plentifully,
excessively

bevasta

a]jf:tf

adj.

indifferent, unmindful,
unconcerned, careless

bhada

ef*f

n.

rent, hire, fare, freight

bhadai

eb}

n.

woman's brother's daughter

bhadau

ebf}

n.

fifth month of the Nepali
year [August-September]

bhadgaun

efbufp

n.

Bhaktapur, Bhadgaon [an
ancient town east of
Kathmandu]

bhadkinu

e*\lsgÚ

v.i.

to be frightened, to feel
shy, to go astray

bhado

ebf]

n.

woman's brother's son

bhadra

eb|

n.

fifth month of the Nepali
year [August-September]

bhagnu

efUgÚ

v.i.

to flee, to run away

bhai

efO

n.

younger brother

bhai-bharadar

efOef/fbf/

n.

king's address towards his
royal relatives

bhaibuhari

efOaÚxf/L

n.

younger brother's wife

bhain

eO

n.

ground, earth, floor

bhainsi

e}+;L

n.

water buffalo [female]

bhajan

efhg

n.

receptacle, object, dividing

27

bhaka

efsf

n.

promise

bhakta

eQm

n./adj.

devotee; devoted, pious

bhaktapur

eQmkÚ/

n.

Bhaktapur, Bhadgaon [an
ancient town east of
Kathmandu]

bhakti

elQm

n.

devotion, worship,
veneration

bhaktiman

elQmdfg

n./adj.

devotee; devoted, pious

bhakundo khelnu

esÚ)*f] v]NgÚ

v.t.

to play football

bhala

efnf

n.

spear, lance, pike

bhalai

enfO{

n.

welfare, well-being,
goodness, gentleness

bhale mujur

efn] dÚhÚ/

n.

peacock

bhalu

efn"

n.

bear

bhanda

eGbf

postp.

compared to [used for
construction of
comparative]

bhandakunda

ef*fsÚ*f

n.

pots and pans

bhandaphor

e)*fkmf]]/

n.

unmasking, unveiling,
disclosure, revelation,
betrayal

bhandar

e)*f/

n.

store room

bhandnu

ef*\gÚ

v.t.

to spoil, to ruin (morally)

bhando

ef*f]

n.

cooking pot, vessel, pot

bhane

eg]

conj.

if, on the other hand

bhangero

eu]/f]

n.

sparrow

bhanij

eflgh

n.

sister's son

bhanje buhari

efGh] aÚxf/L

n.

sister's son's wife

bhanje jvain

efGh] HjfO{+

n.

sister's daughter's husband

bhanji

efGhL

n.

sister's daughter

bhanjo

efGhf]

n.

sister's son

bhanjyang

e~Hofª

n.

narrow valley, defile,
mountain pass

bhanne

eGg]

adj.

called, named

bhansa

efG;f

n.

kitchen

bhansar

eG;f/

n.

customs, customs duties,
office of the customs
department

bhanubhakta acarya

efgÚeQm cfrfo{

n.

Bhanubhakta Acharya [a
famous Nepali poet]

28

bhar

e/

n.

trust, faith, fullness

bhar parnu

e/ kgÚ{

v.t.

to trust

bharadar

ef/fbf/

n.

a high official

bharadari sabha

ef/fbf/L ;ef

n.

assembly of high officials or
nobility in early Shah and
Rana times

bharat

ef/t

n.

India

bharatiya

ef/tLo

adj.

Indian

bhare

e/]

postp.

later in the day, afterwards

bhari

ef/L

adj.

heavy, weighty

bhari

el/

adj.

full to the brim, full

bharibharau

el/e/fp

adj.

full to the brim, full

bharipurna

el/k')f{

adj.

full to the brim, full

bharkar

ev{/

adv.

right now

bharopeli

ef/f]k]nL

adj.

indoeuropean

bharopiya

ef/f]kLo

adj.

indoeuropean

bharosa

e/f];f

n.

hope, trust, reliance

bhartsana

eT;{gf

n.

reproach, abuse

bharya

efof{

n.

wife, female consort

bharyang

e¥ofª

n.

stairs

bhasa

efiff

n.

language

bhasan

efif)f

n.

speech, lecture

bhasan dinu

efif)f lbgÚ

v.t.

to give a lecture

bhasavigyan

efifflj!fg

n.

linguistics, philosophy

bhat

eft

n.

boiled rice

bhatamas

e^df;

n.

soyabean

bhatiji

elthL

n.

man's brother's daughter

bhatijo

elthf]

n.

man's brother's son

bhattarak

e§f/s

adj.

revered, respectable

bhau

efp

n.

price, value, rate

bhaugolik

ef}uf]lns

adj.

geographic, geographical

bhaugolik mahatva

ef}uf]lns dxTj

n.

geographical importance

bhauju

efph'

n.

elder brother's wife

bhava

efj

n.

thought, mental state,
feeling, sentiment, musing

bhavan

ejg

n.

house, mansion, palace

29

bhavan nirman kala

ejfg lgdf{)f snf

architecture

bhavana

efjgf

n.

thought, mental state,
feeling, sentiment, musing

bhavavacak nam

efjjfrs gfd

n.

abstract [linguistics]

bhavya

eJo

adj.

grand, pompous,
splendorous

bhedo

e]*f]

n.

sheep

bhek

e]s

n.

neighbourhood, locality,
area

bhela

e]nf

n.

gathering (of people)

bhet

e]&

n.

meeting, visit, interview

bhet hunu

e]& xÚgÚ

v.t.

to meet, to bump into
someone

bhetnu

e]&\gÚ

v.i./v.t.

to meet, to get, to find, to
come across

bhijnu

leHgÚ

v.i.

to get wet

bhiksha

leIff

n.

begging, alm, charity

bhinaju

legfhÚ

n.

elder sister's husband

bhinnata

leGgtf

n.

difference

bhitra

leq

postp.

inside, within, in

bhitrinu

lelqgÚ

v.i.

to enter, to penetrate

bhitriya

lelqof

adj.

counted as a member of
the family or group

bhitte

leQ]

wall

bhitto

leQf]

n.

side of the wall

bhogate

ef]u^]

n.

grapefruit

bhogdan

ef]ubfg

n.

help, assistance

bhojan

ef]hg

n.

food

bhojnalaya

ef]hgfno

n.

kitchen, cafe, canteen,
dining room

bhok

ef]s

n.

hunger

bhok lagnu

ef]s nfugÚ

to be hungry

bhokaunu

ef]sfpgÚ

v.i.

to be hungry

bholi

ef]ln

adv.

tomorrow

bhote

ef]^]

n.

Tibetan, Bhote

bhraman

e|d)f

n.

travel, travelling, roaming

bhrasta

e|i^

adj.

fallen, spoilt, polluted,
defiled

bhrastacar

e|i^frf/

n.

corruption, corrupt practice

30

bhrastacari

e|i^frf/L

n.

corrupt person

bhugarbha vigyan

e'ue{ lj!fg

n.

geology

bhugolko anusandhan
karya

e'uf]nsf] cgÚ;Gwfg sfo{

n.

geological survey

bhuin

eÚO

n.

ground, floor, surface of the
earth

bhuin

e'O

n.

ground, floor, surface of the
earth

bhuincalo

e'Orfnf]

n.

earthquake

bhuinkatahar

e"Os&x/

n.

pineapple

bhuja

eÚhf

n.

boild rice [upper class]

bhuknu

eÚSgÚ

v.i.

to bark

bhu-ksharan

e"If/)f

n.

soil erosion

bhulnu

eÚNgÚ

v.i./v.t.

to forget, to make a
mistake, to be attached

bhumi

e'ld

n.

ground, floor, surface of the
earth

bhumigat

eÚldut

n.

underground

bhumika

e'ldsf

n.

preface, introduction,
foreword

bhundi

e*L

n.

stomach

bhu-parivestit desh

e'kl/j]li&t b]z

n.

land-locked country

bhusuno

eÚ;Úgf]

n.

gnat

bhutang

e'^fª

n.

Bhutan

bhuteko makai

eÚ^]sf] ds}

n.

popcorn

bhuteko masu

eÚ^]sf] df;Ú

n.

fried meat

bhutla

eÚTn

n.

fur, hair

bhutnu

eÚ^\gÚ

v.t.

to fry

bhutpurva

e'tk'j{

adj.

past, former, previous

bhutuva

eÚ^Újf

n.

fried meat

bhyaguto

EofuÚtf]

n.

frog

bhyaunu

EofpgÚ

v.i.

to find time

bic

aLr

n./postp. middle, centre, during,

among

bicar

larf/

n.

thought, consideration, idea

bicchi

laR%L

n.

scorpion

bigauti

lauf}tL

n.

beestings, the milk of the
animal after bearing a calf

biha

laxf

n.

marriage, wedding,

31

matrimony

bihaite

laxfOt]

adj.

married, wedded

bihana

laxfg

n./adv.

morning; in the morning

bihivar

lalxjf/

n.

Thursday

bij

aLh

n.

seed

bijaropan

aLhf/f]k)f

n.

laying of the foundation
stone, cornerstone
ceremony

bijuli

lahÚnL

n.

electricity, lightening

bikha

lav

n.

poison, venom

bilkul

lansÚn

adj.

entirely, fully, completely

binti

laGtL

n.

request, prayer

bintipatra

lalGtkq

n.

application, petition

biralo

la/fnf]

n.

cat

birami

la/fdL

n./adj.

patient, illness, ill

birta

latf{

n.

free-hold land

birtaval

latf{jfn

n.

owner of free-hold land

bis

aL;

num.

twenty, 20

bitaunu

latfpgÚ

v.t.

to spend

biu

aLp

n.

seed

biunjhanu

lap´gÚ

v.t.

to wake up

bodi

af]*L

n.

a kind of bean, blackeye
bean

boknu

af]SgÚ

v.t.

to carry, to lift, to conceive

boko

af]sf]

n.

he-goat

bolaunu

af]nfpgÚ

v.t.

to call, to invite

bolbala

af]nafnf

n.

all in all, all powerful

bolcal

af]nrfn

n.

conversation, talk

bolcalma

af]nrfndf

in everyday language

bolinu

af]lngÚ

v.i.

to be spoken

bolivacan

af]nLjrg

n.

conversation, talk

bolnu

af]NgÚ

v.i.

to speak

brihaspatibar

a[x:kltaf/

n.

Thursday

brihat

a[xt

adj.

big, large, huge

buddhi

aÚl$

n.

knowledge, intellect, mental
power, wisdom

buddhical

aÚl$rfn

n.

chess

32

buddhijivi

aÚl$hLjL

adj.

intelligent, learned

budha ba

a''(f af

n.

grandfather [lower class]

budhavar

aÚwjf/

n.

Wednesday

budhi ama

a'(L cfdf

n.

grandmother [lower class]

budhi aunlo

a'(L cf}+nf]

n.

thumb

budho

a'(f]

adj.

old [person]

buhari

a'xf/L

n.

son's wife, daughter-in-law

buingal

aÚOun

n.

upper storey of a house,
attic, garret

bujhaunu

aÚ´fpgÚ

v.t.

to explain, to make over

bunda

aÚbf

n.

main point, main issue

burundi

aÚ?)*L

n.

Burundi

butta

aÚ§f

n.

design

buva

aÚjf

n.

father, papa

bvanso

Ajf;f]

n.

wolf

byadmintan

Aof*ldG^g

n.

badminton

cabaunu

rafpgÚ

v.t.

to chew

cadhaunu

r(fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to ride, to offer [to
superiors]

cadhnu

r(\gÚ

v.t.

to climb, to mount, to ride

cadnu

r*\gÚ

v.t.

to mount, to go up, to
ascend, to ride, to improve

caharnu

rxfgÚ{

v.t.

to loiter, to linger, to walk
about, to spend time idly by
moving about

cahinu

rflxgÚ

v.i.

to be necessary, to be
required

cait

r}t

n.

twelfth month of the Nepali
year [March-April]

caitra

r}q

n.

twelfth month of the Nepali
year [March-April]

cakhaunu

rvfpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to taste

cakhnu

rfVgÚ

v.t.

to taste

cakku

rSsÚ

n.

knife, cutting knife

cakramarg

rqmdfu{

n.

ringroad

cal

rfn

n.

movement

calak

rnfs

adj.

clever, sly, cunning, shrewd

calakh

rnfv

adj.

clever, sly, cunning, shrewd

33

calan

rng

n.

custom, habit, style,
conduct

calan

rnfg

n.

despatch, consignment

calan garnu

rng ugÚ{

v.t.

to use

calaunu

rnfpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to move, to put to
use, to move, to despatch

calis

rfln;

num.

forty, 40

callo

rNnf]

n.

young chicken

calnu

rNgÚ

v.i.

to move, to be current, to
be in use, to work, to flirt

caltika

rNtLsf

adj.

common, normal, in
circulation

camada

rd*f

n.

skin, hide

camal

rfdn

n.

husked but uncooked rice

camca

rDrf

n.

spoon

camero

rd]/f]

n.

bat, vampire

camkanu

rDsgÚ

v.i.

to glitter, to shine

camkaunu

rDsfpgÚ

v.t.

to polish, to cause to shine

camkilo

rlDsnf]

adj.

bright

camsur

rD;Ú/

n.

[a kind of pungent
vegetable eaten raw as
herbal medicine]

canakya

rf)fSo

n.

[name of Kautilya, the
author of the ancient
Arthashastra]

cancun

rfgrÚg

adj.

about, a little,
miscellaneous

canda

rGbf

n.

donation

candai

rf*}

adv.

soon

candi

rfñbL

n.

silver

cando

rfñ*f]

adj.

quick, fast, soon,
immediately

candrama

rGb|df

n.

moon

cangunarayan

rfuÚgf/fo)f

n.

Changunarayan [an ancient
site in the eastern part of
the Kathmandu valley]

cap

rfk

n.

arc, segment of a circle,
semi-circle, rainbow

car

rf/

num.

four, 4

caraitira

rf/}lt/

adv.

on all (four) sides

caran

r/)f

n.

foot, leg, a quarter of a

34

stanza

caraunu

r/fpgÚ

v.t.

to make graze

carca

rrf{

n.

talk, enquiry, query, praise,
remark, commendation

carit

rl/t

n.

character, conduct,
manners, behaviour, work,
occupation

caritra

rl/q

n.

character, conduct,
manners, behaviour, work,
occupation

carkanu

rs{gÚ

v.t.

to crack, to split, to break

carkaunu

rsf{pgÚ

v.t.

to cause to crack, to cause
to split

carkha

rvf{

n.

spinning wheel

carko

rsf]{

adj.

hard, bitter, heavy, difficult,
loud, piquant. lively,
excessive, high

carnu

rgÚ{

v.i.

to graze

caro

r/f]

n.

bird

cartarph

rf/tkm{

adv.

on all (four) sides

cartira

rf/lt/

adv.

on all (four) sides

cataunu

r^fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to lick

catnu

rf^\gÚ

v.i.

to lick

caubar

rf}a/

adj.

four times

caubis

rf}aL;

num.

twenty-four, 24

cauda

rf}*f

n./adj.

width, breadth; wide

caudai

rf}*fO

n./adj.

width, breadth; wide

caudha

rf}w

num.

fourteen, 14

cauhattar

rf}xQ/

num.

seventy-four, 74

cauka

rf}sf

n.

eating place surrounding
the store

cauntis

rf}+tL;

num.

thirty-four, 34

caupattai

rf}k§}

adj.

exceedingly, exceptionally

cauranabbe

rf}/fgAa]

num.

ninety-four, 94

caurasi

rf}/f;L

num.

eighty-four, 84

causatthi

rf};^\&L

num.

sicty-four, 64

cautara

rf}tf/f

n.

sincere and benevolent
member of the royal family

cautariya

rf}tl/of

n.

member of the royal family

35

cautarph

rf}tkm{

adv.

on all (four) sides

cautho

rf}yf]

adj.

fourth

cavalis

rjfnL;

num.

forty-four, 44

cavanna

rjGg

num.

fifty-four, 54

cavaunu

rjfpgÚ

v.t.

to chew

cehara

r]x/f

n.

face, appearance,
countenance

celi

r]nL

n.

female disciple, female
pupil

celibeti becvikhat

r]lna]^L a]rljvt

n.

girls trafficking

cepang

r]kfª

n.

Chepang [a Nepalese
nationality]

cetana

r]tgf

n.

intelligence,
consciousness, animation,
rationality, spirit

cetauni

r]tfpgL

n.

to warn

cetavani

r]tfjgL

n.

warning

cetnu

r]TgÚ

v.i.

to be conscious, to recover
the senses, to be on the
alert

cha

%

num.

six, 6

cha patra

% kq

adj.

sixfold

chabbis

%AaL;

num.

twenty-six, 26

chadnu

%fb\gÚ

v.i./v.t.

to throw up, to vomit

chadnu

%f*\gÚ

v.t.

to leave, to leave out

chahari

%xf/L

shade, shelter, protection

chahattar

%xQ/

num.

seventy-six, 76

chaisatthi

%};&\7L

num.

sixty-six, 66

chaitaun

%}^f}+

adj.

sixth

chakkinu

%lSsgÚ

v.i.

to be deceived, to be
astonished

chakyaunu

%sØfpgÚ

v.t.

to tell lies, to deceive

chala

%fnf

n.

skin

chalnu

%NgÚ

v.t.

to deceive, to trick

chalphal

%nkmn

n.

discussion, debate

chalphal garnu

%nkmn ugÚ{

v.t.

to discuss

chamnu

%fDgÚ

v.t.

to touch, to feel

chana

%fgf

n.

roof

36

chanavin

%fgjLg

n.

selection, search, scrutiny,
choice

chand

%Gb

n.

meter, prosody, intention

channe

%fGg]

n.

filter, strainer

channu

%fGgÚ

v.t.

to choose, to select, to
sieve

chantyal

%GYofn

n.

Chantyal [a Nepali
nationality]

chapakhana

%fkfvfgf

n.

press, printing press

chapanna

%kGg

num.

fifty-six, 56

chapinu

%flkgÚ

v.i.

to be published

chapnu

%fKgÚ

v.t.

to print, to publish

charnu

%gÚ{

v.t.

to scatter, to disperse

chata

%ftf

n.

umbrella

chati

%ftL

n.

chest, breast, bravery,
courage

chatra

%fq

n.

scholar, disciple, pupil

chatravas

%fqfjf;

n.

hostel, boarding house,
lodging

chattis

%QL;

num.

thirty-six, 36

chaunu

%fpgÚ

v.t.

to cover, to roof

chauro

%fp/f]

n.

cub, puppy, kitten

chaya

%fof

n.

shade, shadow, reflection

chayalis

%ofnL;

num.

forty-six, 46

chayan

%fof

n.

shade, shadow, reflection

chayanabbe

%ofgAa]

num.

ninety-six, 96

chayasi

%of;L

num.

eighty-six, 86

cheknu

%]SgÚ

v.t.

to stop, to hinder

chetri

%]qL

n.

Chetri, Kshatriya [the
second highest class
(varna) of the Hindu social
hierarchy]

chimeki

l%d]sL

n.

neighbour

chindi

l%+*L

n.

cellar, basement

chiraunu

l%/fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to go through

chirkemirke

l%s]{lds]{

adj.

spotted

chirnu

l%gÚ{

v.i.

to go through, to bore
through

chito

l%^f]

adj.

quick, smart

37

chodnu

%f]*\gÚ

v.t.

to leave, to leave out, to
abandon, to relinquish, to
give up

chopnu

%f]KgÚ

v.t.

to cover, to hide

chori

%f]/L

n.

daughter

choro

%f]/f]

n.

son

choto

%f]&f]

adj.

short, small, condensed

chunu

%ÚgÚ

v.t.

to touch

churavaji

%Ú/fjfhL

n.

exchange of dagger-blows

chuskar

%Ú:s/

n.

tell-tale, backbiter

chutkara

%Ú^sf/f

n.

release, freedom, rescue

chutnu

%Ú^\gÚ

v.i.

to be left, to separate

chuvachut

%Újf%'t

n.

untouchability,
contamination

cihan

lrxfg

n.

grave, graveyard, cemetry,
tomb, burial ground

cijbij

lrhlah

n.

goods, furniture, wares

cikitsa

lrlsT;f

n.

treatment, remedy,
medication, therapy

cikitsalaya

lrlsT;fno

n.

hospital, dispensary

cil

rLn

n.

eagle

cimotnu

lrdf]&^gÚ

v.t.

to pinch, to nip

cin

rLg

n.

China

cinari

lrgf/L

n.

identity, acquaintance,
intimacy, familiarity

cinaunu

lrgfpgÚ

v.t.

to introduce, to cause to
recognize

ciniyan

lrglof

adj.

Chinese

cinnu

lrGgÚ

v.t.

to recognize, to know, to
identify, to distinguish

cinta

lrGtf

n.

woory, anxiety, care,
concern, reflection

cintan

lrGtg

n.

thinking, study, reflection,
contemplation, meditation

cintit

lrlGtt

adj.

sad

ciplo

lrKnf]

adj.

slippery

cirnu

lrgÚ{

v.t.

to split, to rip up

ciso

lr;f]

adj.

cold, wet, moistened, damp

ciso pani

lr;f] kfgL

n.

cold water

38

cithi

lr&L

n.

letter, written message

citra

lrq

n.

picture, painting,
illustration, image

citta

lrQ

n.

mind, feeling, spirit, heart,
attention, memory, thought

cittha

lr^\&f

n.

lottery, game of chance

citthi

lr^\&L

n.

letter, written message

cituva

lrt'jf

n.

leopard, panther

ciundo

lrp*f]

n.

chin

ciura

lrp/f

n.

flattened rice, beaten rice

ciya

lrof

n.

tea

cod-patra

rf]* kq

–

n.

written consent of divorce,
quitclaim

cok

rf]s

n.

courtyard

cokhinu

rf]lvgÚ

v.i.

to be pure

cor

rf]/

n.

thief, robber, swindler

cornu

rf]gÚ{

v.t.

to steal

cot

rf]^

n.

wound, bruise, hurt, mental
agony

cucuro

rÚrÚ/f]

n.

peak, summit, highest point

cuda

r'*f

n.

crown, crest

cudamani

r'*fdl)f

n.

a kind of valuable ornament
or jewel worn on the head

cuhinu

rÚlxgÚ

v.i.

to drip, to leak

cuhunu

rÚxÚgÚ

v.i.

to drip, to leak

culensi

rÚn]+;L

n.

a curved instrument for
cutting and preparing
vegetables for cooking

culo

rÚnf]

n.

cooking place, stove

cultho

rÚN&f]

n.

plaited hair, interwoven hair

cumnu

rÚDgÚ

v.t.

to kiss, to caress

cuna

rÚgf

n.

lime

cunauti

rÚgf}tL

n.

challenge

cunav

rÚgfj

n.

election, selection

cunavi

rÚgfjL

adj.

electoral

cup lagnu

r'k nfUgÚ

v.i.

to be quiet

curot

rÚ/f]^

n.

cigarette

cusnu

rÚ:gÚ

v.t.

to suck

39

cutai

rÚ^fO

n.

beating, thrashing

cutnu

rÚ^\gÚ

v.t.

to thrash, to beat

cyankhla

RofVnf

n.

ground corn

cyatnu

RofTgÚ

v.t.

to tear

cyau

Rofp

n.

mushroom

dabau

bafp

n.

pressure

dabi

bfaL

n.

claim, demand

dadhnu

*(\gÚ

v.i.

to burn, to be burnt up

dadu

*f*Ú

n.

ladle

daguraunu

buÚ/fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to run

dagurnu

buÚgÚ{

v.i.

to run, to hasten, to race

daha

bx

n.

pond, lake

dahi

bxL

n.

yoghurt

dahine

bflxg]

adj.

right

dahri

bfx|L

n.

beard

dai

bfO

n.

elder brother

dailo

b}nf]

n.

door, gate, passage,
entrance

daju

bfhÚ

n.

elder brother

dajyu

bfHo'

n.

elder brother

daknu

*fSgÚ

v.t.

to call, to invite

daksha

bIf

adj.

dexterous, able, astute

dakshin koriya

blIf)f sf]l/of

n.

Südkorea

dal

bfn

n.

different kinds of lentils

dal

bn

n.

party, group, crowd

dalal

bnfn

n.

broker, tout, middleman

dalbal

bnan

n.

the whole party, army,
strenght

dalbandi

bnaGbL

n.

party politics, group politics

dalcini

bfnrLgL

n.

cinnamon

dalit

blnt

n.

Dalit, untouchable (as seen
by the Bahuns)

dallo

*Nnf]

n.

round thing, cloth, lump

dalo

*fnf]

n.

basket

dalpati

bnklt

n.

party leader, chief,
commander

dalvihinata

bnljxLgtf

n.

independence from party,

40

non-party

daman

bdg

n.

suppression, oppression

dampati

bDklt

n.

husband and wife

damphu

*Dkm"

n.

a kind of drum

dan

bfg

n.

donation, gift, religious gift,
contribution

danda

*f*f

n.

hill, hillock, pole of a roof

danda

*f*

n.

fine, penalty, punishment

dandalnu

**fNgÚ

n.

back

dandi

*f*L

n.

pole, staff (of a palanquin)

dando

*f*f]

n.

hill, hillock, the pole of a
roof

danphe

*fkm]

n.

the nine-coloured
Himalayan pheasant [the
National Bird of Nepal]

dant

bft

n.

tooth

dant majhnu

bft df´\gÚ

v.t.

to clean teeth

dant malnu

bft dNgÚ

v.t.

to clean teeth

dant maskaunu

bft d:sfpgÚ

v.t.

to clean teeth

dantko burus

bftsf] aÚ?;

n.

tooth brush

dantmanjan

bGtdGhg

n.

tooth paste

danuvar

bgÚjf/

n.

Dhanuwar [a Nepali
nationality]

dapha

bkmf

n.

section of a law

dar

*/

n.

fear, dread, alarm, risk,
danger

daraj

b/fh

n.

cupboard

daraunu

*/fpgÚ

v.i.

to frighten, to be frightened

darbar

b/af/

n.

palace, royal court

dari

bf/L

n.

beard

dari

b/L

n.

cotton rug

daridra

bl/b|

adj.

poor, needy, penurious

darim

bfl/d

n.

pomegranate

darja

bhf{

n.

class, standard, position,
rank

darjan

bh{g

n.

dozen

darjiling

nfhL{lnª

n.

Darjeeling

darlagdo

*/nfUbf]

adj.

dreadful, terrible,
dangerous

41

darle

*/n]

out of fear

darshan

bz{g

n.

audience, appearance,
vision

das

b;

num.

ten, 10

das

bf;

n.

slave, servant, dependent

dasana

*;gf

n.

cotton rug for lying on,
mattress

dasaun

b;f}+

adj.

tenth

dashak sarvanam

bzs ;j{gfd

n.

demonstrative pronoun

dasi

b;L

n.

proof, evidence

dasta

bf;tf

n.

slavery, servitude, bondage

dastavej

b:tj]h

n.

document, deed

data

bftf

giver, donor, benefactor

datri sanstha

bft[ ;+:yf

n.

donor agency

daudaha

bf}*fxf

n.

touring, travelling,
inspection

daura

bfp/f

n.

firewood, fuel, dried wood

dava

bfjf

n.

claim, demand

daya

bof

n.

kindness, favour, mercy,
pity, sympathy

daya aunu

bof cfpgÚ

to pity, to feel pity

dayan

bfof

adj.

right

dayaniya

bogLo

adj.

pitiable, arousing pity

debre

b]a]|

adj.

left, reverse, opposite

dedh baje

*]( ah]

adv.

half past one

dekhaunu

b]vfpgÚ

v.t.

to show

dekhi

b]lv

postp.

from, after, owing to

dekhinu

b]lvgÚ

v.i.

to be seen, to appear

dekhnu

b]VgÚ

v.t.

to see

dera

*]/f

n.

residence, booth, camp

desh

b]z

n.

land, country, region

deshantar

b]zGt/

n.

terrestrial longitude; foreign
country

deshbhakta

b]zeQm

n.

patriot

deshbhakti

b]zelQm

n.

patriotism

deshraksha

b]z/Iff

n.

national defence

devar

b]j/

n.

husband's younger brother

42

devarani

b]j/fgL

n.

husband's younger
brother's wife

devata

b]j^f

n.

god

dhadas

(f*;

n.

encouragement, hope,
assurance

dhago

wfuf]

n.

thread

dhakane

(sg]

n.

rice fried in butter and
cooked in milk

dhakdhakyaunu

(s(sØfpgÚ

v.t.

to push down, to tap

dhaknu

(fSgÚ

v.t.

to hide, to cover, to conceal

dhamilo

wldnf]

adj.

dim, not clear, dirty, muddy

dhamki

wDsL

n.

threatening, threat, reproof

dhan

wg

n.

wealth, property, riches

dhan

wfg

n.

unhusked Reis

dhanca

(frf

n.

design, way, method, make
up, manner

dhandha

wGwf

n.

occupation, business,
profession

dhandhali

wfwnL

n.

chaos, chaotic state

dhani

wfgL

adj.

golden

dhani

wgL

adj.

rich

dhaniyan

wlgof

n.

coriander

dhaniyanko sag

wlgofsf] ;fu

n.

coriander green

dhantnu

(f^\gÚ

v.i.

to tell a lie, to deceive

dhapaunu

wkfpgÚ

v.t.

to drive away, to chase

dhara

wf/f

n.

water tap, torrent, current
of water

dharahara

w/x/f

n.

tower

dharan

wf/)f

n.

holding, wielding

dharana

wf/)ff

n.

determination, thought,
memory

dharatal

w/ftn

n.

surface (of the earth)

dharke

ws]{

adj.

striped

dharma

wd{

n.

religion, duty, creed, faith

dharmadeva

wdb]j

n.

Dharmadeva [a Licchavi
king, father of Manadeva I]

dharmadhikari

wdf{lwsf/L

n.

an official responsible for
jurisdiction

dharmagranth

wd{u|Gy

n.

religious text

43

dharmashala

wd{zfnf

n.

resthouse [for religious
puposes]

dharmavacak nam

wd{jfrs gfd

n.

abstract noun [ling.]

dharmik

wld{s

adj.

religious, related to dharma

dharmik sthan

wld{s :yfg

n.

religious centre

dharna

wgf{

n.

the act of waiting for
something

dharo

wf/f]

n.

spring of water, current of
water, stream of people

dhatu

wftÚ

n.

metal

dhau

wfp

n.

ore

dherai

w]/}

adj.

much, many, a lot

dherai aghi

w]/} cl#

adv.

long time ago

dherai logne hunu

w]/} nf]Ug] xÚgÚ

comp.

to practice polyandry

dherai vivaha

w]/} ljjfx

n.

polgamy

dherai vivaha garnu

w]/} ljjfx ugÚ{

comp.

to practice polygamy

dheraijaso

w]/}h;f]

adj.

many, a lot

dhiki

l(sL

n.

a machine for husking rice

dhimal

lwdfn

n.

Dhimal [a Nepali
nationality]

dhindo

l(+*f]

n.

boiled flour paste

dhoka

(f]sf

n.

door, gate, gateway

dhukka

(ÚSs

adj.

free from axiety, secure

dhukur

('ÚsÚ/

n.

dove

dhukuti

('ÚsÚ^L

n.

barn, storehouse, treasury

dhunga

(Ú+uf

n.

stone

dhup

w"k

n.

sun, sunshine, incence

dhusro

wÚ;|f]

adj.

ash-coloured, grey

dhvanse

Wjf;]

adj.

dark-brown, soot-coloured

dhyan

Wofg

n.

meditation, contemplation

didi

lbbL

n.

elder sister

digo

bLuf]

adj.

sustainable

din

lbg

n.

day

dinahun

lbgxÚ

adj.

daily

dinbhari

lbgel/

for the whole day

dinu

lbgÚ

v.t.

to give

dirgha

bL#{

adj.

large, wide, tall, huge, deep

44

dirghakalin

bL#{sfnLg

adj.

sustained, chronic, long
term

disha

lbzf

n.

direction

diunso

lbp;f]

adv.

at the day time

divas

lbj;

n.

day

dobar

bf]a/

adj.

double, twice, twofold

dohori

bf]xf]/L

adj.

pertaining to both sides

doklo

bf]Snf]

adj.

double

doko

*f]sf]

n.

a big basket carried on the
back

doreto

*f]/]&f]

n.

footpath, way to walk

dori

*f]/L

n.

cord, rope

dosi

bf]ifL

adj.

defective, faulty, guilty,
sinful

dosro

bf];|f]

adj.

second

dravyavacak nam

b|Jojfrs gfd

n.

material noun

dristi

b[l:&

n.

sight, vision, looking

dristikon

b[l:&sf])f

n.

viewpoint, visual angle

dublaunu

bÚAnfpgÚ

v.i.

to get thin, to be weak

dublo

bÚAnf]

adj.

weak, thin, lean, skiny

dubnu

*ÚAgÚ

v.i.

to drown, to sink

dubulki marnu

*'ÚaÚNsL dfgÚ{

v.t.

to take the plunge

dudh

bÚw

n.

milk

dugdha

bÚUw

n.

milk

dugdhasar

bÚUw;f/

n.

cheese

dugurnu

bÚuÚgÚ{

v.i.

to run

duhkhi

bÚMvL

adj.

sad

duhunu

bÚxÚgÚ

v.t.

to milk

dui

bÚO{

num.

two, 2

dura

bÚ/f

n.

Dura [a Nepali nationality]

duragraha

bÚ/fu|x

n.

prejudice, improper attempt

durdarshita

b'/blz{tf

n.

far-sightedness, prudence,
sagacity

durgam

bÚu{d

adj.

remote

dursancar

bÚ/;rf/

n.

telecommunication

durvavahar

bÚj{jxf/

n.

misconduct, misbehaviour

dusti

b'l:t

adj.

defective, corrupted,

45

defiled, contaminated,
polluted

dut

b't

n.

ambassador, massenger,
courier

dvandva

åFb

n.

couple, duel, quarrel

dvara

åf/f

postp.

from, by

dvija

låh

n.

twice-born, Brahman,
oviparous

dvitiya purus vacak

låtLo kÚ?if jfrs

n.

second person [ling.]

dvitiyardha

låtLofw{

n.

second half

dyotak

Bf]ts

adj.

making clear, showing,
manifesting, enlightening,
indicating

e

P

int.

hey! listen!

eghara

P#f/

num.

eleven, 11

egharaun

P#f/f}+

adj.

eleventh

ejan

Phg

ditto, loc cit.

ek

Ps

num.

one, 1

ek baji

Ps aflh

adv.

once

ek chin

Ps l%g

adv.

for a moment, for a short
time

ek coti

Ps rf]l^

adv.

once

ek khep

Ps v]k

adv.

once

ek na ek

Ps g Ps

one or other

ek palta

Ps kN&

adv.

once

ek saya dui

Ps ;o bÚO{

num.

one hundred and two, 102

ek saya ek

Ps ;o Ps

num.

one hundred and one, 101

ekaarkalai

Psfcsf{nfO{

adv.

each other

ekabihana

Psflaxfg

adv.

very early in the morning

ekadeshma

Psfb]zdf

in any country

ekaki

PsfsL

adj.

alone, solitary

ekanabbe

PsfgAa]

num.

ninety-one, 91

ekanta

PsfGt

n./adj.

solitude, loneliness; alone,
lonely

ekanunna

PsfpGg

num.

fifty-one, 51

ekasi

Psf;L

num.

eighty-one, 81

ekatira

Psflt/

adv.

to one side, on the one
hand

46

ekcalis

PsrfnL;

num.

forty-one, 41

ekdam

Psbd

adv.

very

ekedami

Ps]*dL

n.

academy

ekhattar

PsxQm/

num.

seventy-one, 71

ekikaran

PsLs/)f

n.

integration, amalgamation,
unification

ekikrit

PsLs[t

integrated, united, unified

ekkai coti

PSs} rf]l^

adv.

at the same time, at once

ekkais

PSsfO{;

num.

twenty-one, 21

ekkasi

PSsfl;

adv.

suddenly, at once, all at
once

eklai

Psn}

adv.

alone, only

eklauti

Psnf}^L

adj.

monopolistic

eklo

PSnf]

adj.

lone, solitary, alone, single

eknas

Psgf;

adj.

similar, in the same way,
monotonous, uniform, all
the same

ekohorinu

Psf]xf]l/gÚ

v.i.

to concentrate on one thing
only

eksaro

Ps;/f]

adj.

single, without cover, once

eksatthi

Ps;^\&L

num.

sixty-one, 61

ekta

Pstf

n.

oneness, unity, union,
sameness, solidarity

ektak

Ps^s

adv.

incessant, continuous

ektis

PstL;

num.

thirty-one, 31

ektrit

Pslqt

adj.

united, gathered

eproc

Pk|f]r

n.

approach

eshiyali

PlzofnL

adj.

Asian

esiyayi

Pl;ofoL

adj.

Asian

euta

Pp^f

adj.

one [non-human]

euta tukra jagga

Pp&f ^Úqmf hUuf

a small plot of land

evamastu

Pjd:t'

adv.

so be it; Amen

evan

Pj+

conj.

and, as also

gada

ubf

n.

club, mace, bludgeon

gadagad

ubub

adj.

glad, happy, pleased, joyful

gadar

ub/

n.

mutiny, rebellion, revolt

gadda

u@f

n.

soft and thick bed, mattress

gaddar

u@f/

adj.

revolutionary

47

gaddar

u@/

n.

mud, dirt, swamp

gaddar-posh

u@/ kf]z

–

n.

door mat for rubbing off
mud

gaddi

u@L

n.

throne, saddle cloth,
cushion

gaddu

u@Ú

n./adv.

a bear's cub; useless, good
for nothing, worthless

gadgad

ub\ub\

thick mud or any thick
substance, muddy,
swampy

gadha

uwf

n.

donkey, ass

gadhapaccisi

uwfklRr;L

n.

adolescence, an
unexperienced age

gadinarasing

u*\*Lg/l;ª

adj.

enthroned, installed as king

gadnu

uf*\gÚ

v.t.

to bury

gadryak-gudruk

ub\¥ofs uÚb|'s

–

n.

sound produced by the
trampling of feet or hoofs

gadryamma

ub\¥ofDd

n.

terrible sound produced by
the fall of heavy things

gadya

uB

n.

prose, ordinary writing

gadya-kavita

uBsljtf

n.

prose poetry

gadya-kavya

uBsfJo

n.

prose, belles lettres

gagri

ufu|L

n.

a metal water-vessel

gagro

ufu|f]

n.

a large earthenware or
metal jar for water

gahak

ufxs

n.

buyer, customer, purchaser

gahaki

ufxsL

n.

buyer, customer, purchaser

gahat

uxt

n.

lentils

gahiro

ulx/f]

adj.

deep, profound, solemn

gahraun

ux|f}+

adj.

heavy, weighty

gahro

ufx|f]

adj.

difficult, arduous, hard

gahrungo

ux|Ú+uf]

adj.

heavy, weighty

gahun

uxÚñ

n.

wheat

gai

ufO{

n.

cow

gaibastu

ufO{j:tÚ

n.

cattle

gaihra

u}x|

adj.

all, whole

gainda

u}+*f

n.

rhinoceros

gair sarkari sanstha

u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf

n.

Non Government

48

Organization, NGO

gairaprajatantrik

u}/k|hftflGqs

adj.

undemocratic, non-
democratic

gajar

ufh/

n.

carrot

gala

ufnf

n.

cheeks

galainca

un}+rf

n.

carpet

galat

unt

adj.

wrong

gali

ufnL

n.

rebuke, abuse, reproof

gali

ufln

n.

rebuke, abuse, reproof

gali garnu

ufnL ugÚ{

v.t.

to tell off, to insult

galli

uNnL

n.

lane, by-lane

gamarkyaunu

udSØf{pgÚ

v.t.

to clutch, to seize

gambhir

uDeL/

adj.

deep, grave, far down

ganagan

ugug

n.

grumbling, murmuring,
prattling

ganaganahat

ugugfx^

n.

grumbling, murmuring,
prattling

ganaganaunu

ugugfpgÚ

v.i.

to grumble, to mumur

ganatantra

u)ftGq

n.

republic, republican system
of government

ganathan

ugyg

n.

idle talk, gossip, a long tale

ganathanaunu

ugygfpgÚ

v.t.

to talk nonsense, to gossip

gandagi

uGbuL

n.

filth, dirt, impurity

gandha

uGw

n.

smell, odour, stink, scent,
perfume

gandhadravya

uGwb|Jo

a sweet scented substance

gandhak

uGws

n.

sulphur, brim-stone

gandhakshat

uGwfIft

n.

sandal-wood, tice, etc. for
puja

gandharva

uGwj{

n.

a celestian or heavenly
musician, a class of demi-
god

gandharva-ved

uGwj{j]b

n.

science of Music

gandharva-vidya

uGwjljBf

n.

music, the science of music

gandharva-vivaha

uGwj{ljjfx

n.

a kind of marriage by
mutual agreement, love
marriage

gandhi

uGwL

a perfumer, one who sells
essences or scented oils,
scented, perfumed, having
a sweet smell

49

gandhik

ulGws

n.

the scent of perfumery
merchant

gandyaulo

u*Øfnf]

n.

earthworm

gangato

uu^f]

n.

crab

ganja

ufhf

n.

marijuana

ganjagol

uGhuf]n

n.

confusion, topsy-turvey,
chaos

ganji

uGhL

n.

sweater, vest, jacket,
undershirt

ganjipha

uGhLkmf

n.

a kind of playing cards or
ist game

gannu

uGgÚ

v.t.

to count, to reckon, to
deem

gans

ufñ;

n.

mouthful, morsel

gansnu

uf:gÚ

v.t.

to join together

ganti

uGtL

n.

number, reckoning,
attendance

gapashap

ukzk

n.

prattle, tittle-tattle

gapphad

uKkm*

prattler, braggart, tattler

garaunu

u/fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to do

garbha

ue{

n.

womb, foetus, embryo

garerai chadnu

u/]/} %f*\gÚ

v.t.

to perform at all cost

garib

u/La

n./adj.

poor, penniless, humble,
needy

garibi

u/LaL

n.

poverty, penury, humility

garjan-tarjan

uh{gth{g

n.

threat, intimidation

garjanu

uh{gÚ

v.i.

to thunder, to roar, to
bluster

garmi

udL{

n.

heat, warmth

garna chodnu

ug{ %f]*\gÚ

v.t.

to stop to do something

garna dinu

ug{ lbgÚ

v.t.

ro allow to do something, to
cause to do something

garna thalnu

ug{ yfNgÚ

v.t.

to start to do something

garnu

ugÚ{

v.t.

to do

garo

uf/f]

n.

wall

gate

ut]

n.

date [according to the
Nepali calendar]

gatha

ufyf

n.

story, tale, verse, song, lay

gathakar

ufyfsf/

n.

author of a narrative tale

gathan

u&g

n.

formation, construction; act

50

of building,modelling or
shaping

gathaso

uyf;f]

n.

long tale of oneself,
nonsense

gati

ult

n.

speed, motion, movement,
condition, circumstance,
position

gatihara

ultxf/f

adj.

lazy, sedentary, idle,
stagnant

gatiman

ultdfg

n.

speed, movement, full
motion

gatishil

ultzLn

n.

speed, movement, full
motion

gatividhi

ultljlw

n.

activity, movements,
frequentation, state of
things, position of progress

gatta

uQ

adj.

hopeless, having nothing

gattam

uQd

adj.

hopeless, having nothing

gatvar

uTj/

adj.

transitory, perishable,
mortal

gaun

ufp

n.

village

gaun

uf})f

adj.

secondary, subordinate,
indirect, inferior, expressing
associate quality

gaun vikas samiti

ufp ljsf; ;ldlt

n.

Village Development
Committee, VDC

gaunghar

ufp#/

n.

neighbour, villager

gaunnivasi

ufplgjf;L

n.

villager

gaunthali

uf}+ynL

n.

swallow

gayab

ufoa

adj.

missing, vanished,
dissappeared

geru

u]?

adj.

ochre, red-brown

ghadi

#*L

n.

clock, watch

ghailo

#}nf]

n.

a large water-vessel, a
huge pitcher

ghaite

#fOt]

adj.

hurt

gham

#fd

n.

sunshine, heat of the sun

ghan

#g

n.

large hammer, cloud,
solidity

ghana

#gf

adj.

thik, dense, solid, grumous

ghanta

#)^

n.

clock, watch

ghantaghar

#)^#/

n.

clocktower

51

ghanti

#f^L

n.

throat, mountain pass, vale

ghar

#/

n.

house

ghar hernu

#/ x]gÚ{

to run the household, to do
the housework

gharelu udyog

#/]nú pBf]u

n.

cottage industry

ghatak

#^s

n.

factor, component,
constitutent, ingredient

ghatana

#^gf

n.

incident, event, accident,
episode

ghataunu

#^fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to decrease, to
subtract

ghati

#f^L

n.

throat, mountain pass, vale

ghati

#^L

adj.

less, few, little

ghatnu

#^\gÚ

v.i.

to decrease, to lesson, to
decline

ghatta

#§

n.

corn mill, water mill

ghatu

#f^Ú

n.

a Gurung dance

ghau

#fp

n.

wound, sore, hurt, injury,
ulcer

ghiu

l#p

n.

melted butter

ghoda

#f]*f

n.

horse, pony, hammer of a
gun

ghoral

#f]/n

n.

Himalayan wild goat

ghosana

#F]if)ff

n.

declaration, proclamation,
announcement

ghosanapatra

#F]if)ffkq

n.

manifesto

ghosit

#f]lift

adj.

declared, proclaimed

ghumnu

#ÚDgÚ

v.i.

to move about, to roam, to
turn round, to go around

ghunda

#Ú*f

n.

knee

ghus

#';

n.

bribe, emolument, graft

ghyampo

£ofDkf]

n.

a large clay jar, a store-jar

giddha

lu$

n.

vulture

gija

luhf

n.

gum

gilo

uLnf]

adj.

soft, overripe, overcooked

girnu

lugÚ{

v.i.

to fall, to drop, to come
down, to be degraded

glas

Unf;

n.

glass

gobar

uf]a/

n.

cowdung [used as plaster
on the floor of the house]

52

godam

uf]bfd

n.

godown, storehouse,
granery

godamel

uf]*d]n

n.

weeding, removal of weeds

godavari

uf]bfj/L

n.

Godavari [a village in
Kathmandu valley]

godnu

uf]b\gÚ

v.t.

to beat severely

godnu

uf]*\gÚ

v.t.

to weed, to remove weeds

gohi

uf]xL

n.

crocodile

golbhinda

uf]lNe+*f

n.

tomato

goli

uf]nL

n.

a small ball, bullet

goli gantho

uf]nL uf&f]

n.

ankle bone

golidvara mrityudanda uf]nLåf/f d[ToÚb)*

n.

death penalty by shooting

goman sarp

uf]dg ;k{

n.

cobra

gopalprasad rimal

uf]kfnk|;fb l/dfn

n.

Gopal Prasad Rimal [ a
famous Nepali poet]

gopya

uf]Ko

adj.

confidential, secret, private

goro

uf]/f]

adj.

fair-complexioned, white
[skin]

goru

uf]?

n.

ox [castrated]

gosthi

uf]i&L

n.

symposium, small
assembly, discourse

goth

uf]&

n.

cowshed, byre

graha

u|x

n.

planet, evil star, eclipse

grahan

u|x)f

n.

acceptance, reception, act
of receiving or holding

gram

u|fd

n.

village

grenait

u|]gfO^

n.

granite

griha

u[x

n.

house, abode, residence,
dwelling

gulaphi

uÚnfkmL

adj.

pink, rose-coloured

guliyo

uÚlnof]

adj.

sweet, sugary

gumaraha

uÚd/fx

adj.

misled, astray

gumaunu

uÚdfpgÚ

v.t.

to lose, to forfeit

gun

uÚ)f

n.

quality, virtue, merit,
attainment

gunabodhak

uÚ)faf]ws

adj.

qualitative [gram.]

gundri

uÚGb|L

n.

mat made of rice, wheat or
corn-straw

gundruk

uÚGb|Ús

n.

fermented and dried
vegetables

53

gupta

uÚKt

adj.

obscure, hidden, secret,
private

guptacar

uÚKtr/

n.

spy, emissary

gupti

uÚKtL

n.

spy, detective

guru

uÚ?

n.

spiritual teacher, master,
guide

gurung

uÚ?ª

n.

Tamu, Gurung [a Nepali
nationality]

guruvar

uÚ?jf/

n.

Thursday

guthi

u"&L

n.

a religious or benevolent
society, trust, pledge

gyan

!fg

n.

knowledge, intelligence,
understanding, wisdom

gyani

!fgL

n./adj.

learned, intelligent,
informed, erudite

gyapan

!fkg

n.

memorandum

habba

xAaf

n.

might, power, capacity,
strength

habbe

xAa]

n.

might, power, capacity,
strength

hackanu

xRsgÚ

v.i.

to get frightened, to
hesitate, to be scared

had

xf*

n.

bone

hade badam

xf*] abfd

n.

almond

hadpa

x*\k

n.

confiscation, taking one's
property illegally,
misappropriation

hadtal

x*tfn

n.

strike, picket

haisiyat

x}l;ot

n.

ability, status, merit,
capacity

hajar

xhf/

num.

one thousand, 1,000

hajurama

xhÚ/cfdf

n.

grandmother

hajurba

xhÚ/af

n.

grandfather [rural]

hajurbuva

xhÚ/aÚjf

n.

grandfather

hajurmuma

xhÚ/dÚdf

n.

grandmother [upper class]

hak

xs

n.

right, authority, claim

hal

xfn

n./adj.

present time, present
condition, description

halkhabar

xfnva/

n.

news current affair

halla

xNnf

n.

noise, turmoil, uproar,
tumult

halnu

xfNgÚ

v.t.

to put, to serve

54

haluka

xnÚsf

adj.

light (in weight)

haluko

xnÚsf]

adj.

light [weight]

halungo

xnÚéf]

adj.

light [weight]

haluva

xnÚjf

n.

flour boiled in water and
mixed with butter and sugar

haluvabed

xnÚjfa]b

n.

a kind of sweet fruit

hamala

xdnf

n.

attack, invasion, assault

hamro

xfd|f]

pron.

our (m.)

hango

xfuf]

n.

branch, offspring

haninu

xflggÚ

v.i.

to run very fast, to fly very
fast

hanknu

xfSgÚ

v.t.

to drive, to challenge, to
exaggerate

hannu

xfGgÚ

v.t.

to strike, to shoot, to jump

hans

xf;

n.

duck, goose, swan

hansa

x+;

n.

soul, vital air, life; duck,
swan, goose

hansaunu

x+;fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to laugh

hanseuli

x;]pnL

n.

laughter, joke, jest, fun,
spott

hansilo

xl;nf]

adj.

humerous, cheerful,
frolicsome, jolly, jovial, gay,
merry

hans-kukhura palan

xf;sÚvÚ/f kfng

n.

poultry farming

hanso

xf;f]

n.

laughter, laugh

hanssi

x:;L

n.

laughter, joke, fun

hara

x/

adj.

every, everyone

haraunu

x/fpgÚ

v.i.

to lose, to defeat

harayo

x/fof]

it has got lost

harbakhat

x/avt

adv.

always, ever

hardam

x/bd

adv.

always, ever

hariya makai

xl/of ds}

n.

corn on the cob

hariyo

xl/of]

adj.

green

hartakarta

xtf{stf{

n.

one who is all in all, the
Almighty

hasil

xfl;n

adj.

obtained, acquired

hastagat

x:tut

adj.

received, obtained

hastakala

x:tsnf

n.

handicraft, hand-work

hastakshar

x:tfIf/

n.

signature, one's own

55

handwriting

hastakshep

x:tIf]k

n.

interference, interruption

hat

xft

n.

hand

hat aunu

xft cfpgÚ

comp.

to fall into someone's
hands

hat halnu

xft xfNgÚ

to lend a hand

hatiyar

xltof/

n.

weapon

hatkelo

xTs]nf]

n.

palm

hatnu

x^\gÚ

v.i.

to retreat, to go away, to
get out of the way

hatteri

xQ]/L

adv.

word used for expressing
surprise or sorrow

hatti

xfQL

n.

elephant

hatya

xTof

n.

murder, killing, slaughter

hava

xjf

n.

air, wind, breeze

hava

xfjf

n.

air, wind, breeze

havai

xjfO{

adj.

airy, relating to air

havai jahaj

xjfO{ hxfh

n.

airplane

havai marg

xjfO{ dfu{

n.

air route

havai-dank

xjfO{*fs

n.

air letter, aerograph

havajahaj

xfjfhxfh

n.

aeroplane, airplane

havan

xjg

n.

fire sacrifice

havapani

xfjfkfgL

n.

climate, weather

havas

xj;\

o.k. [a word to indicate
obedience]

hemanta

x]dGt

n.

late autumn, beginning of
the cold season

hernu

x]gÚ{

v.t.

to see, to look at, to watch

herpher

x]/km]/

n.

change, exchange,
alteration, transfer

hijo

lxhf]

adv.

yesterday

hijo rati

lxhf] /ftL

adv.

last night

hijoaja

lxhf]cfh

adv.

nowadays

himalaya pradesh

lxdfno k|b]z

n.

Himalayan region

himarekha

lxd/]vf

n.

snowline

himasrot bhaeko nadi lxd;|f]t ePsf] gbL

n.

meltwater river

him-marubhumi

lxdd?e'ld

n.

tundra

hina

xLg

adj.

low, vile, inferior, degraded,

56

base, humble

hindi

lxGbL

n.

Hindi

hindnu

lx+*\gÚ

v.i.

to walk, to go, to move, to
start, to set off

hira

xL/f

n.

diamond

hit

lxt

n.

gain, benefit

hiun

lxp

n.

snow

hoco

xf]rf]

adj.

short, low

hodabaji

xf]*afhL

n.

contest, gambling, betting

hosh

xf]z

n.

sense, sensibility,
intelligence

hosh garnu

xf]z ugÚ{

v.t.

to be cautious

hoshiyar

xf]lzof/

adj.

cautious, careful

hoshiyari

xf]lzof/L

n.

cautiousness, carefulness,
prudence

hotel

xf]^]n

n.

hotel

hridaya

x[bo

n.

heart, mind, will

hukka

xÚSsf

n.

water pipe, Hookka

hulak adda

xÚnfs c*\*

n.

post office

hundi

xÚlb

postp.

during

huri

xÚ/L

n.

strong wind, storm

huri calnu

xÚ/L rNgÚ

to be stormy

hyolmo

xØf]ndf]

n.

Hyolmo [a Nepalese
nationality]

iccha

OR%f

n.

wish, desire

icchit

OlR%t

adj.

desired, wished for

icchuk

OR%"s

adj.

interested

ijjat

OHht

n.

honour, status

ikh

O{v

n.

jealousy, envy, vengeance

ikh phernu

O{v km]g{"

v.t.

to take revenge

ilaka

Onfsf

n.

jurisdiction, possession,
limit, area under control

ilam

Onfd

n.

Ilam (a district in Eastern
Nepal)

ilame

Onfd]

n.

inhabitant of Ilam

iman

O{dfg

n.

truth, belief, faith, honesty

imandar

O{dfgbf/

adj.

honest, trustworthy, faithful

imandar

Odfgbf/

adj.

honest, faithful

57

imandari

O{dfgbf/L

n.

honesty, faithfulness,
integrity

indonesia

OG*f]g]l;of

n.

Indonesien

indriya

OlGb|o

n.

sense, sense organ

inklab

OGSnfa

n.

revolution

int

O+{^

n.

brick

irada

O/fbf

n.

wish, desire, will, plan,
intention

irsya

O{iof{

n.

jealousy, envy

irsyalu

O{iof{n"

adj.

jealous, envious

ishara

Ozf/f

n.

gesture, sign, indication,
wink

ishvar

O{Zj/

n.

God, the Lord

iskus

O:s";

n.

a kind of vegetable

ispat

O:kft

n.

steel

ista

Oi^

adj.

wished, desired

itar

Ot/

adj.

other

itihas

Oltxf;

n.

history

itihasik

Oltxfl;s

adj.

historical

itihaskar

Oltxf;sf/

n.

historian

itrinu

OlqgÚ

v.i.

to be mischievous, to talk
mischievously about sex

ityadi

OTofbL

conj.

etcetera, etc.

iyarphon

Oo/kmf{g

n.

earphone, hearing-aid

jado

hf*f]

n./adj.

coolness, winter, chill, cold

jaga

hu

n.

foundation, ground work

jagaran

hfu/)f

n.

awakening, wakefulness

jagat

jut

n.

universe, the world

jagga

hUUff

n.

landland, field, estate

jagir

hfuL/

n.

employment, Job, service,
monthly salary, wages

jagnu

hfUgÚ

v.i.

to wake up, to be alert, to
be angry

jahaj

hxfh

n.

ship, vessel

jahan

hxf

pron.

where

jahan

hxfg

n.

family, members of the
family

jal

hn

n.

water

58

jalaunu

hnfpgÚ

v.t.

to set fire to

jali

hfnL

n./adj. 1. forgerer, netting, web, film;

imitated, forged

jalnu

hNgÚ

v.i.

to burn, to be kindled

jal-shakti

hnzlQm

n.

water power

jalvayu

hnjfo"

n.

climate

jalvayuko prabhav

hnjfo"sf] k|efj

n.

climatical influence

jal-vibhajak

hnljefhs

n.

watershed

jama

hfd

n.

congestion, dregs, rusts

jama

hdf

adv.

tol, in sum, altogether

jamaunu

hdfpgÚ

v.t.

to make solid, to freeze

jamin

hdLg

n.

land, field

jamma

hDdf

adv.

tol, in sum, altogether

jamnu

hDgÚ

v.i.

to be frozen

jana

hgf

n.

(counting word for persons)

jana-andolan

hgcf+bf]ng

n.

popular movement,
people's movement

janacetana

hgr]tgf

n.

ethnic consciousness,
national consciousness

janaganana

hgu)fgf

n.

census

janai

hg}

n.

sacred thread of a
Brahman

jana-jagaran

hghfu/)f

n.

popular awakening,
renaissance

janajati

hghflt

n.

ethnic group, nationality

janajivan

hghLjg

n.

public life, public living

janakari

hfgsf/L

n.

knowledge, information

janapakshiya

hgkIfLo

adj.

related to the people

janapravad

hgk|jfb

n.

hearsay, rumour, common
talk

jana-sahabhagita

hg;xeflutf

n.

popular participation

janasamaksha

hg;dIf

comp.

in public

janasankhya

hg;+Vof

n.

population

janashruti

hg>"lt

n.

rumour, hearsay, common
talk

janasvasthya

hg:jf:Yo

n.

public health

janata

hgtf

n.

people, public, mass,
mankind

janatantravad

hgtGqjfb

n.

democracy

59

janatantrik

hgtlGqs

adj.

democratic, democratical

janavad

hgjfb

n.

a political principle in which
the supreme administrator
must be elected by
common people

janavar

hgfj/

n.

animal, beast

janc

hfr

n.

exam, test

jancnu

hfRgÚ

v.t.

to test, to examine

jand

hf*

n.

beer

jangal jamaune kam

h+un hdfpg] sfd

n.

afforestation,
reafforestation

jangal tayar parne

h+un tof/ kfg]{

n.

afforestation,
reafforestation

jangali

hénL

adj.

savage, wild, beastly

janieko

hflgPsf]

adj.

known

janjal

h~hfn

n.

worldly domestic affairs,
family, wife and children

janma

hGd

n.

birth, life, nativity,
production

janmabhumi

hGde'ld

n.

birthplace

janmadar

hGdb/

n.

birth rate

janmadata

hGdbftf

n.

father, progenitor, producer

janmanu

hGdgÚ

v.i.

to be born

janmat

hgdt

n.

public opinion

janmathalo

hGdynf]

n.

birth-place, place where
born

janmaunu

hGdfpgÚ

v.t.

to give birth to

janmeko

hGd]sf]

adj.

born

jannu

hfGgÚ

v.t.

to know, to understand

jantantra

hgtGq

n.

people's democracy

janto

hftf]

n.

handmill for grinding corn
etc.

janu

hfgÚ

v.i.

to go

japan

hfkfg

n.

Japan

japnu

hKgÚ

v.t.

to mutter prayers, to repeat
mantra or prayer, to tell
beads

jarayo

h/fof]

n.

a kind of deer

jari

hf/L

adj.

proceeding, continued,
current, in force

60

jarimana

h/Ldfgf

n.

fine, punishment, money
penalty

jarivana

h/Ljfgf

n.

fine, punishment, money
penalty

jaruri

h?/L

adj.

urgent, immediate

jasta

h:tf

n.

tin

jastai

h:t}

conj.

as for example, i.e., like

jasto

h:tf]

conj.

as for example, i.e., like

jasto dekhincha

h:tf] b]lvG%

comp.

it looks like

jasto sunincha

h:tf] ;"lgG%

comp.

it sounds like

jat

hft

n.

class, caste, kind, sort

jati

hlt

adv.

that much, about

jativacak nam

hfltjfrs gfd

n.

generic term

jatiya

hftLo

adj.

national, pertaining to the
nation

jatpat

hftkft

n.

caste system

jau

hf}

n.

barley

javab

hjfa

n.

answer

javan

hjfg

n.

young man, youth

javaph

hjfkm

n.

answer

javaphdehi

hjfkmb]xL

n.

responsibility,
accountability, obligation

jaya

ho

n.

victory, conquest, triumph,
gain, profit

jayaprakash malla

hok|sfz dNn

n.

Jayaprakash Malla [the last
Malla king of Kathmandu]

jehandar

h]xGbf/

adj.

intelligent, wise

jel

h]n

n.

jail, prison

jeth

h]&

n.

second month of the Nepali
year [May-June]

jethaju

h]&fh"

n.

husband's elder brother

jethan

h]&fg

n.

elder brother' wife

jethani didi

h]&fgL lbbL

n.

husband's elder brother's
wife

jethi sasu

h]&L ;f;"

n.

wife's elder sister

jetho

h]&f]

n.

eldest [of brothers]

jhagada

´u*f

n.

quarrel, dispute, squabble

jhalkanu

´NsgÚ

v.i.

to mshine, to glitter, to
glisten

61

jhalmal

´ndn

adj.

bright, resplendent, brilliant

jhamtanu

´D^gÚ

v.t.

to spring upon, to assault

jhan

´g

adv.

more

jhan jhan

´g ´g

more and more

jhanda

´)*f

n.

flag, banner

jhangad

´fu*

n.

Jhangad [a Nepalese
nationality]

jhantnu

´f^\gÚ

v.t.

to thresh (paddy), to rebuke

jharnu

´gÚ{

v.i.

to fall, to descend, to go
down

jhaskanu

´:sgÚ

v.i.

to be startled, to get
frightened all of a sudden,
to feel sudden alarm

jhiknu

l´SgÚ

v.t.

to take out, to take off

jhinge macha

l´+u] df%f

n.

shrimp

jhingo

k´+uf]

n.

fly, housefly

jhol

´f]n

n.

broth, soup

jhuknu

´"SgÚ

v.i.

to bow down, to stoop

jhunda

´")*f

n.

group, assembly, bond

jhutho

´'&f]

adj.

untrue, false

jhuto

´'^f]

adj.

untrue, false

jhyal

´\ofn

n.

window

jhyalkhana

´\ofnvfgf

n.

jail, prison

jibro

lha|f]

n.

tongue

jilla

lhNnf

n.

district

jilla pramukh adhikari

lhNnf k|d'v clwsf/L

n.

Chief District Officer, CDO

jilla vikas samiti

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

n.

District Development
Committee, DDC

jimma

lhDdf

n.

responsibility, care, custody

jimmevari

lhDd]jf/L

n.

responsibility

jindagi

lhGbuL

n.

life

jira

hL/f

n.

cumin

jirel

lh/]n

n.

Jirel [a Nepalese
nationality]

jit

hLt

n.

victory, triumph, success

jitnu

lhTgÚ

to win

jiu

hLp

n.

body, person, frame

jiundo

lhpbf]

adj.

living, alive, lively

62

jiunu

lhpgÚ

v.i.

to live

jivajantu

hLjhGt"

n.

living being, animal

jivan

hLjg

n.

life, existence, animation

jivani

hLjgL

n.

life-story, biography

jivanshaili

hLjgz}nL

n.

way of life, habits, lifestyle

jivjantu

hLjhGt"

n.

animal, living being

joban

hf]ag

n.

youth, puberty, flower of
youth

jod

hf]*

n.

power, strength; join,
addition, total, the sum total

jodi

hf]*L

n.

couple

jodnu

hf]*\gÚ

v.t.

to add, to join

joi

hf]O{

n.

wife [rural]

jokhnu

hf]VgÚ

v.t.

to weigh

jotnu

hf]TgÚ

v.t.

to plow, to harness

juhar

h"xf/

n.

jewel, jewellery, gem

juka

h"sf

n.

leeches, tapeworms

juktanu

h"QmgÚ

v.i.

to be forthcoming, to be
collected, to be united, to
be entangled

julus

h"n";

n.

procession, marching

jumra

h"d|f

n.

lice

jun

h'g

n.

moon

jun

h"g

pron.

which, whichever

junaph

h"gfkm

n.

presence

junar

hÚgf/

n.

orange

junelo

hÚg]nf]

n.

large millet

junga

hÚuf

n.

moustache

junkiri

h'gsL/L

n.

firefly

junsukai

hÚg;Ús}

pron.

whichever, whatsoever

juramuraunu

hÚ/dÚ/fpgÚ

v.i.

to be active, to be alert

jut

hÚ^

adj.

group, party

jutaunu

hÚ^fpgÚ

v.t.

to collect, to gather

juthyaunu

hÚ&ØfpgÚ

v.t.

to get dirty, so soil

jutnu

hÚ^\gÚ

v.i.

to be collected, to be united

63

jutta

hÚQf

n.

shoe, slipper, boot

juva

hÚjf

n.

game, gamble

juva khelnu

hÚjf v]NgÚ

to gamble

jvain

HjfO

n.

daughter's husband, son-
in-law

jyada

Hofbf

adj.

too much, in excess,
excessive

jyadai

Hjfb}

adj.

extremely

jyestha

Ho]i&

n.

second month of the Nepali
year (May-June)

jyotirvidya

Hof]ltlj{B

n.

astronomy, astrology

jyotis

Hof]ltif

n.

astronomy, astrology

jyotisi

Hof]ltifL

n.

astrologer, astronomer

kabja

sAhf

n.

possession, occupation

kacauro

srf}/f]

n.

cup

kachuva

s%Újf

n.

turtle, tortoise

kacinggal

slr+un

n.

quarrel

kada

s*f

adj.

hard, harsh, cruel, unkind

kadam

sbd

n.

step, footstep

kadar

sb/

n.

respect, value, appreciation

kag

sfu

n.

crow, raven

kagati

sfutL

n.

lime

kahalaunu

sxnfpgÚ

v.i.

to be called, to be famous

kahan

sxf

pron.

where? in what place?

kahan pani

sxf klg

adv.

nowhere, not anywhere

kahani

sxfgL

n.

saying, proverb, story

kahile

slxn]

pron.

when? at what time?

kahile kahin

slxn] sxL+

adv.

sometimes, from time to
time

kahin

sxL+

adv.

wherever

kahin kahin

sxL+ sxL+

adv.

at some places, in many a
place

kahinlo

sflx+nf]

n.

fourth eldest [of brothers]

kaid

s}b

n.

imprisonment, jail

kaid garnu

s}b ugÚ{

v.t.

to arrest

kaidi

s}bL

n.

prisoner, captive, convict

kaidkhana

s}bvfgf

n.

prison, jail

64

kailo

s}nf]

adj.

light-brown [hair]

kainyo

sfOof]

n.

comb

kaiphat

s}kmt

n.

statement, remark,
description

kaiphiyat

s}lkmot

n.

statement, remark,
description

kaiyaun

s}of}+

adj.

innumerable, many, several

kaiyun

s}o"

adj.

innumerable, many, several

kaj

sfh

n.

work, duty, job, occupation

kaju

sfh'

n.

cashew nut

kaka

sfsf

n.

father's brother

kakh

sfv

n.

position formed while sitting
cross-legged on the floor,
side of the body above the
hip, lap

kakhi

sfvL

n.

arm-pit

kaki

sfsL

n.

father's brother's wife

kakrinu

slqmgÚ

v.i.

to become stiff by cold, to
be numbed

kakryaunu

sqmØfpgÚ

v.t.

to make numbed

kal

sfn

n.

time, period, era, age,
season, death

kala

snf

n.

art, craft, technics

kalaha

snx

n.

quarrel, scramble, dispute,
fray

kalakar

snfsf/

n.

artist, technician

kalakaushal

snfsf}zn

n.

state of being skilful

kale

sfn]

n.

a dark skinned human
being

kaleji

sn]hL

adj.

dark-red

kalejo

sn]hf]

n.

liver

kaligad

sflnu*

n.

artisan

kalij

sflnh

n.

pheasant

kalilo

slnnf]

adj.

ender, soft, delicate, young

kalo

sfnf]

adj.

black

kalo dal

sfnf] bfn

n.

black lentils

kalo mas

sfnf] df;

n.

black lentils

kalpa

sNk

n.

era

kalpana

sNkgf

n.

imagination, fiction,

65

supposition, assumption

kalpanashakti

sNkgfzlQm

n.

powers of imagination

kalyan

sNof)f

n.

welfare, good

kalyanakari

sNof)fsf/L

adj.

propitious, auspicious,
beneficial, good

kam

sfd

n.

work, duty, job, occupation

kam

sd

adj.

little, less, small

kam garnu

sfd ugÚ{

v.t.

to work

kamai

sdfO

n.

income, returns, mode of
earning

kamaunu

sdfpgÚ

v.t.

to earn, to acquire wealth,
to cultivate

kamdar

sfdbf/

n.

worker, labourer, porter,
helper

kamej

sd]h

n.

shirt

kamero

sd]/f]

n.

white clay used in painting
walls

kamilo

sldnf]

n.

ant

kamjori

sdhf]/L

n.

weakness, debility,
deficiency

kamkaj

sfdsfh

n.

business, occupation, work

kammal

sDdn

n.

blanket

kammar

sDd/

n.

waist

kamnu

sfdgÚ

v.i.

to tremble, to shiver

kamta

sDtf

adj.

less, insufficient, short

kamti

sDtL

adj.

less, insufficient, short

kan

sfg

n.

ear

kancat

sGr&

n.

temple

kanchi

sfG%L

n.

last born female child, nice
young girl

kancho

sfG%f]

n.

youngest [of brothers]

kanco

sfrf]

adj.

raw, unripe, immature

kand

sf)*

n.

chapter, branch, incident

kandha

sfw

shoulder

kandhinu

sflwgÚ

v.i.

to be fatt [with eating]

kando

sf*f]

n.

thorn

kanggal

séfn

adj.

poor, penniless, penurious

kanka loti

sfGsf nf]tL

n.

ear lobes

66

kankro

sfqmf]

n.

cucumber

kano

sfgf]

adj.

blind in one eye, one-eyed

kanparo

sGkf/f]

n.

temple

kanso

sf;f]

n.

bronze

kanta

sf^f

n.

fork

kantipur

sflGtkÚ/

Kantipur [an old name for
Kathmandu]

kanun

sfg'g

n.

law, regulation

kanun bamojit

sfg'g adf]lht

according to the law, in
conformity with the law

kapada

sk*f

n.

cloth, clothing, apparel,
wear

kapal

skfn

n.

hair of the head, head

kapal kornu

skfn sf]gÚ{

v.t.

to comb the hair

kapal nuhaunu

skfn gÚxfpgÚ

v.t.

rinse hair

kaphal

sfkmn

n.

a fruit like strawberry but
with a hard pit

kaphi

skmL

n.

coffee

kapnu

sKgÚ

v.t.

to carve, to chisel

kar

sf/

n.

car

kar

s/

n.

tax

kara

sf/f

n.

imprisonment, confinement

karadanda

sf/fb)*

n.

prison sentence

karagar

sf/fuf/

n.

prison, jail

karagriha

sf/fu[x

n.

prison, jail

karai

s/fO{

n.

cooking pot [with a wide
mouth]

karamat

s/fdt

n.

miracle

karan

sf/)f

n.

cause, motive, purpose,
reason, occasion, origin

karaunu

s/fpgÚ

v.i.

to shout

karavas

sf/fjf;

n.

prison sentence

kardata

s/bftf

n.

tributory, tax-paying, tax-
payer

karelo

s/]nf]

n.

a bitter vegetable, bitter
gourd

karib

s/La

adv.

almost, aproximately

karigar

sf/Lu/

n.

artisan

karkhana

sf/vfgf

n.

workshop, factory,

67

manufactory

karma

sd{

n.

deed, act, work

karmacari

sdf{rf/L

n.

employee, officer

karod

s/f]*

num.

crore, 10 million,
10.000.000

kartavya

st{Jo

n.

duty, task

kartik

sflt{s

n.

seventh month of the
Nepali year (October-
November)

karuva

s?jf

n.

brass pot with a spout

karya

sfo{

n.

action, act, duty,
occupation, profession,
function, role

karya samiti

sfo{ ;ldlt

n.

working committee

karyakarini

sfo{sfl/)fL

adj.

executive

karyakram

sfo{qmd

n.

programme, schedule

karyalaya

sfof{no

n.

workshop, office

karyanvayan

sfof{Gjog

n.

execution, implementation

karyapalika

sfo{kflnsf

n.

executive

karyashala

sfo{zfnf

n.

workshop

kasari

s;/L

pron.

how? in what way?

kasaundi

s;f}+*L

n.

cooking pot [with a narrow
mouth]

kasle lagyo?

s:n] nfUof] <

comp.

who has taken it?

kasnu

s:gÚ

v.t.

to tighten, to pull firmly

kast

si^

n.

pain, distress, trouble,
hardship

kasturi

s:t'/L

n.

muskdeer

katahar

s^x/

n.

jack fruit

kataunu

s^fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to be cut, to cause
to be beheaded

katauro

s^f}/f]

n.

cup

katha

syf

n.

story, tale, fable, narrative

katha halnu

syf xfNgÚ

comp.

to tell a story

kathan

syg

n.

utterance, narration,
statement

kathin

sl&gÚ

adj.

difficult, hard, arduous, not
easy

kathinai

sl&gfO{

n.

difficulty

kathit

slyt

adj.

said, narrated, told

68

kathor

s&f]/

adj.

hard, harsh, rigid, unkind,
cruel

kati

slt

pron.

how much? how many?

kati baje ?

slt ah] <

comp.

at which time?

kati bajyo?

slt aHof] <

comp.

what's the time?

kati bhayo?

slt eof] <

comp.

how much is it?

katima?

sltdf <

comp.

for how much?

katinu

sfl^gÚ

v.i.

to be cut

katipaya

sltko

adj.

some, few

katnu

sf^\gÚ

v.t.

to cut, to chop, to cancel

kattar

s§/

adj.

diehard, orthodox

kauli

sfpnL

n.

cauliflower

kavi

slj

n.

poet

kavita

sljtf

n.

poem

kayam

sfod

adj.

fixed, settled, firm, steady

kayam garnu

sfod ugÚ{

comp.

to fix a date

ke

s] <

pron.

what?

kehi

s]xL

adj.

something

kehi kurako anurodh
garnu

s]xL s'/fsf] cgÚ/f]w ugÚ{

comp.

to ask for, to request

kehi kurako mato
milnu

s]xL sÚ/fsf] dtf] ldNgÚ

comp.

to agree upon, to arrange

kehi kurama anurodh
garnu

s]xL sÚ/fdf cgÚ/f]w ugÚ{

comp.

to ask for, to request

kehi kurama mato
milnu

s]xL sÚ/fdf dtf] ldNgÚ

comp.

to agree upon, to arrange

kelaunu

s]nfpgÚ

v.t.

to sift, to remove impurities

kendrit

s]lGb|t

adj.

centered

kera

s]/f

n.

banana

kerau

s]/fp

n.

pea

kesari

s];/L

adj.

saffron-coloured

kesh

s]z

n.

hair of the head

ketaketima

s]^fs]^Ldf

comp.

in childhood

keti

s]^L

n.

girl

keto

s]^f]

n.

boy

keval

s]jn

adv.

only, mere, all, whole

69

khabar

va/

n.

message

khabarkagat

va/sfut

n.

newspaper

khacar

vRr/

n.

mule

khada

v*f

adj.

erect, upright

khadkundo

v*\sÚ*f]

n.

a very large cooking vessel
with rings on two sides to
hold

khadukunlo

v*ÚsÚnf]

n.

a very large cooking vessel
with rings on two sides to
hold

khadyanna

vfBfGg

n.

food grains

khagat

vfut

n.

paper

khairo

v}/f]

adj.

brown

khaja

vfhf

n.

snack

khajasaja

vfhf;fhf

n.

snack

khajur

vhÚ/

n.

date

khala

vfnf

n.

the outer layer of skin

khaldo

vfN*f]

n.

valley, ditch, trench, pit,
hole

khali

vfnL

adj.

only, mere, merely, alone

khamba

vDaf

n.

pillar, pole, post

khanaunu

vgfpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to be dug

khanci

vfrL

n.

Khanchi [one of the former
mini stets of western Nepal]

khanco

vfrf]

n.

requirement, need,
necessity

khand

v)*

n.

part, section, chapter,
division, piece, canto

khandan

v)*g

n.

refutation, rebuttal,
repudiation, denial

khandit

vl)*t

adj.

broken into pieces, split

khanekura

vfg] sÚ/f

n.

food

khani

vflg

n.

mine

khanij

vlgh

n.

minerals

khanij padartha

vlgh kbfy{

n.

mineral product

khaninu

vlggÚ

v.i.

to be poured out

khannu

vGgÚ

v.t.

to dig

khanu

vfgÚ

v.t.

to eat

khanyaunu

vGofpgÚ

v.t.

to pour out

70

khapat

vkt

n.

consumption, sale, demand

khappar

vKk/

n.

skull

kharab

v/fa

adj.

bad, wicked, spoiled,
naughty

kharab

v/a

num.

100 billion,
1.00.00.00.00.000

kharani

v/fgL

ashes, ash-coloured

kharau

v/fp

n.

wooden sandal, wooden
slipper

kharaunu

v/fpgÚ

v.t.

to fry hard, to overparch

kharayo

v/fof]

n.

hare

kharca

vr{

n.

expense, expenditure,
disbursement, oulay

kharidnu

vl/*\gÚ

v.t.

to buy, to purchase

kharij

vfl/h

adj.

dismissed, rejected,
discharged

khas

vf;

adj.

real, true, particular, proper

khasaunu

v;fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to fall

khasi

v;L

n.

castrated he-goat

khasnu

v:gÚ

v.i.

to fall, to die

khasro

v;|f]

adj.

rough, coarse, frank

khat

vf^

n.

bed stead

khatam

vtd

n.

end, finish, conclusion,
death

khednu

v]b\gÚ

v.t.

to chase

khel

v]n

n.

play, game

kheladi

v]nf*L

n.

player

khelaunu

v]nfpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to play

khelnu

v]NgÚ

v.t.

to play, to act

kher

v]/

n.

time, length of time,
destruction, loss, waste

kheri

v]l/

postp.

during

kheti

v]tL

n.

agriculture, cultivation

kheti garnu

v]tL ugÚ{

v.t.

to till the ground, to carry
out agriculture

khetikamai

v]tLsdfO

n.

agricultural income

kheti-pati

v]tLkftL

n.

agriculture, cultivation

khicadi

lvr*L

n.

a mixture of rice and lentils
cooked together

71

khicalo

lvrnf]

n.

interference, meddling;
disturbance, quarrel,
turmoil

khicolo

lvrf]nf]

n.

meddling, quarrel,
interference

khir

vL/

n.

rice pudding

khoi

vf]O

pron.

where (is it) ?

khoj

vf]h

n.

search, quest, pursuit

khoji

vf]hL

n.

inquiry

khojkhabar

vf]hva/

n.

trace, quest, search,
enquiry

khojnu

vf]HgÚ

v.t.

to search

kholnu

vf]NgÚ

v.i./v.t.

to open, to unfasten, to
explain, to annotate

kholo

vf]nf]

n.

small river

khopo

vf]kf]

n.

a small hole in the wall for
keeping things

khoriya

vf]l/of

n.

uncultivated land, nature
reserve

khorsani

vf];f{gL

n.

chilli, hot pepper

khosuva

vf];Újf

n.

thieve, one who snatches

khudkila

vÚ*\lsnf

n.

steps

khukuri

vÚsÚ/L

n.

a Nepalesed curved knife

khumcinu

vÚlDrgÚ

v.i.

to shrink

khunda

vÚ*f

n.

a kind of sword, a kind of
scimitar

khushi

vÚzL

pleasure, delight,
cheerfulness, glad, happy

khusi

vÚ;L

adj.

happy

khutrukka

vÚqÚSs

n.

the sound produced by little
articles when dropped

khutto

vÚ§f]

n.

leg

khuvaunu

vÚjfpgÚ

v.t.

to feed

ki

ls

conj.

or, either; word to denote
interrogation or doubt

kilakile

lsnlsn]

n.

uvula

kimbu

lsDaÚ

n.

mulberry

kina

lsg

pron.

why?

kinabhane

lsgeg]

conj.

because

kinamel garnu

lsgd]n ugÚ{

v.t.

to go shopping, to buy

72

kinnu

lsGgÚ

v.t.

to buy

kintu

lsGtÚ

conj.

but, only, without

kinvadanti

ls+jbGtL

n.

rumour, hearsay, false
report, popular talk, vague
talk, tradition

kira

sL/f

n.

worm

kiraya

ls/fof

n.

hire, rent

kiro

sL/f]

n.

insect, worm

kirtiman

sLlt{dfg

adj.

renowned, famous,
celebrated

kisam

ls;d

n.

kind, sort, class, species

kisan

ls;fg

n.

farmer, peasant

kisim

lsl;d

n.

kind, sort, class, species

kismis

ls;ld;

n.

raisins

kisti

ls:tL

n.

tray

kitli

lsTnL

n.

kettle

kitnu

ls^\gÚ

v.t.

to grind teeth, to gnash, to
decide, to fix, to specify, to
resolve

kodali

sf]bfnL

n.

spade (with short handle)

kodalo

sf]bfnf]

n.

spade (with long handle)

kodo

sf]bf]

n.

a kind of millet

kohi

sf]xL

adj.

anybody, anyone, someone

koila

sf]Onf

n.

coal

koili

sf]OnL

n.

cuckoo

kop

sf]k

n.

anger, wrath

kop-bhajan

sf]kefhg

n.

victim of anger

kopila

sf]lknf

n.

bud

koriya

sf]l/of

n.

Korea

kornu

sf]gÚ{

v.t.

to scratch

kos

sf];

n.

a measure of length
(distance of about 2 miles)

koshish

sf]lzz

n.

endeavour, attempt,
exertion, effort

koshish garnu

sf]lzz ugÚ{

v.t.

to try

kot

sf]^

n.

coat

kotha

sf]^f

n.

room

kotparva

sf]tkj{

n.

(a histsorical event: Jang

73

Bahadur's coup of 1846
that brought the Rana
family into power)

kotparva pashcat

sf]tkj{ kZrft

after the coup of 1846

kotyaunu

sf]^ØfpgÚ

v.t.

to prick, to scratch

kram

qmd

n.

series, chain, order,
method

kramashah

qmdzM

adj.

step by step, by degree,
serially, successively

krambodhak

qmdaf]ws

n.

ordinal number

kramjor

qmdhf]/

adj.

weak, ineffective

kranti

qmflGt

n.

revolution, pace,
movement, declination,
invading, surpassing

krishna paksha

s[i)f kIf

comp.

dark fortnight, the phase of
the waning moon

krisi

s[lif

n.

agriculture

krisi utpadan

s[lif pTkfbg

n.

agricultural production

kritagya

s[t!

adj.

thankful, grateful

kriyakalap

lqmofsnfk

n.

functions, rites, ceremonies

kriyapad

lqmofkb

n.

verb

kriyayogi

lqmofof]uL

n.

adverb

kshamata

Ifdtf

n.

ability, capacity, might,
power

kshetra

If]q

n.

file, plot of land, area

kshetraphal

If]qkmn

n.

products of the land, field
crops, area

kucakra

sÚrqm

n.

intrigue, a secret plot

kuco

sÚrf]

n.

broom

kucyaunu

sÚRofpgÚ

v.t.

to crush

kudnu

sÚb\gÚ

v.i.

to run

kuhino

s'Úlxgf]

n.

elbow

kuhuno

sÚxÚgf]

n.

elbow

kuhunu

sÚxÚgÚ

v.i.

to rot

kukhurako bhale

sÚvÚ/fsf] efn]

n.

cock, rooster

kukhurako pothi

sÚvÚ/fsf] kf]yL

n.

hen

kukhuri

sÚvÚ/L

n.

hen

kukhuro

sÚvÚ/f]

n.

chicken

kukur

sÚsÚ/

n.

dog

74

kul

sÚn

n.

race, generation, family,
clan, dynasty, parentage

kumari

sÚdf/L

n.

princess, unmarried women

kun

sÚg

adj.

which, what

kuncahin

sÚgrflx+

adj.

which one?

kund

sÚ)*

n.

pond, tank

kundnu

sÚb\gÚ

v.t.

to hew, to carve

kunni

sÚlGg

adv.

I don't know, perhaps,
maybe

kuposan

sÚkf]if)f

n.

malnutrition

kura

sÚ/f

n.

word, matter, affair, talk

kurakani

sÚ/fsfgL

n.

conversation, talk, chat

kurauni

sÚ/fpgL

n.

milk boiled down till nearly
solid

kurnu

sÚgÚ{

v.t.

to wait,to attend

kursi

sÚ;L{

n.

chair

kushal

sÚzn

n./adj.

happiness, wellbeing;
skilful, proficient, expert

kushasan

sÚzf;g

n.

bad government,
maladministration

kusti

sÚ:tL

n.

wrestling

kusti khelnu

sÚ:tL v]NgÚ

to wrestle

kutapita

sÚ^lk^

n.

beating, exchange of blows

kutnaitik kshetra

sÚ^g}lts If]q

n.

strategical area

kutnu

sÚ^\gÚ

v.t.

to beat, to hit

kuva

sÚjf

n.

well

kvartj

Sjf^\{h

n.

quartz

kyare

Sof/]

I suppose

labh

nfe

n.

value, profit, gain, earning,
advantage

lacar

nfrf/

adj.

unable, helpless, obliged

ladain

n*fO{+

n.

war, battle, fighting, strife

ladnu

n*\gÚ

v.i./v.t.

to fight, to struggle, to fall
down

lagabhaga

nueu

adv.

about, nearly,
approximately, almost

lagaeko

nufPsf]

adj.

used

lagani

nufgL

n.

investment

lagaunu

nufpgÚ

v.t.

to use, to put on, to wear,

75

to set up, to cause to work

lagayat

nufot

postp.

including, together with

laghukatha

n#Úsyf

n.

short story

laghu-katha

n#Úsyf

n.

short story

lagnu

nfUgÚ

v.i.

to appear, to begin, to start,
to join

lagu

nfuÚ

adj.

intoxicating, exciting

lahad

nx*

n.

entertainment, diversion of
mind, amusement, joke

lahad aunu

nx* cfpgÚ

to wish

lahar

nx/

n.

ripple, small wave, surge,
undulation

lahari

nx/fL

n.

ripple, small wave, surge,
undulation

laihernu

nfOx]gÚ{

v.t.

to try on [clothes]

laijanu

n}hfgÚ

v.t.

to carry, to take away

laj

nfh

n.

shame, shyness, modesty

lajja

nHhf

n.

shame, shyness,
dishonour, ignominy,
scandal, disgrace

lakh

nfv

num.

one hundred thousand,
1.00.000

lakkhan

nSvg

adj.

one hundred thousand,
1.00.000

laksha

nIf

adj.

one hundred thousand,
1.00.000

lakshmiprasad
devkota

nIdfLk|;fb b]jsf]^f

n.

Lakshmi Prasad Devkota [a
famous Nepali poet]

lakshya

nIo

n.

aim, target, goal

lalitpur

nlntkÚ/

n.

Lalitpur, Patan [a
neighbouring town of
Kathmandu]

lam

nfd

n.

a long line, a queue

lamai

ndfO

n.

length

lamba

nDaf

adj.

long

lamkanu

nDsgÚ

v.i.

to walk with long steps, to
stride

lamkhutte

nfDvÚ§]

n.

mosquito

lamo

nfdf]

adj.

long

lampasar

nDk;f/

adj.

prostrate, stretched out

lamtann

ndtGg

adj.

prostrate, stretched out

76

lanchana

nfG%gf

n.

stigma, blame, slander

lanu

nfgÚ

v.t.

to take away, to remove

lapakka

nkSs

adv.

adhering, attaching,
stricking

lapsi

nK;L

n.

a kind of sour fruit

larbarinu

na{l/gÚ

v.i.

to reel, to stagger, to sway

lash

nfz

n.

carcass, dead body

lasun

n;Úg

n.

garlic

latanpatan

n^gk^g

n.

deceit, fraud

lataramma

n^/Dd

adj.

in bunches, in clusters

lato

nf^f]

adj.

dumb

latti

nfQL

n.

kick

launu

nfpgÚ

v.t.

to put on (clothes), to ware

lauro

nf}/f]

n.

stick

lek

n]s

n.

hilly region, the higher
slope of a mountain

lekha

n]v

n.

prose composition, writing,
essay, article

lekhak

n]vs

n.

author, writer

lekhinu

n]lvgÚ

v.i.

to be written

lekhnath paudyal

n]vgfy kf}*Øfn

n.

Lekh Nath Paudyal [a
famous Nepali poet]

lekhpadh

n]vk(

n.

reading and writing, study

leninvad

n]lggjfb

n.

Leninism

licchavi

lnR%lj

n.

Licchavi [an early ruling
dynasty of the Kathmandu
valley]

licchavikal

lnR%ljsfn

n.

Licchavi era

ligalige

lnulnu]

n.

uvula

likhat

lnvt

adj.

written

likhit

lnlvt

adj.

written

lila

nLnf

n.

a play, amusement,
diversion

lilam

lnnd

n.

auction

limbu

lnDa'

n.

Limbu [a Nepali nationality]

ling

lné

n.

gender [gram.]

linu

lngÚ

v.t.

to take, to acquire, to
accept

lipi

lnlk

n.

script, writing, handwriting

77

lobh

nf]e

n.

greed, covetousness,
temptation

lobhi

nf]eL

adj.

greedy, stingy, covetous

logne

nf]Ug]

n.

husband [common]

lognemanche

nf]Ug]dfG%]

n.

man, male person

lognemanis

nf]Ug]dflg;

n.

man, male person

lohota

nf]xf]&f

n.

a small metal water-pot

lok

nf]s

n.

world, the three worlds
[heaven, earth, hell],
people

loktantra

nf]stGq

n.

democracy

luga

nÚuf

n.

clothes, clothing

luga dhunu

nÚuf w'gÚ

v.t.

wash clothes

luga lagaunu

nÚuf nufpgÚ

v.t.

put on clothes

luga launu

nÚuf nfpgÚ

v.t.

put on clothes

luga phernu

nÚuf km]gÚ{

v.t.

change clothes

luga phukalnu

nÚuf kmÚsfNgÚ

v.t.

take off clothes

luga phukaunu

nÚuf kmÚsfpgÚ

v.t.

take off clothes

luknu

nÚSgÚ

v.i.

to hide

lvang

Njfª

n.

clove

lyaunu

NofpgÚ

v.t.

to bring, to fetch

ma

df

postp.

in, at, on, among

macan

drfg

n.

stage

maccinu

dlRrgÚ

v.i.

to swing

macha

df%f

n.

fish

macha marnu

df%f dfgÚ{

v.t.

to fish

madat dinu

dbt lbgÚ

v.t.

to help, to assist

madhes

dw];

n.

the Tarai (the southern flat
land along the Indian
border)

madhya-din

dWo lbg

–

n.

noon

madhyakalin

dWosfnLg

adj.

mediaeval

madhyam

dfWod

n.

medium

madhyamik yug

dfWolds oÚu

n.

middle ages

madhyanha

dWofGx

n.

noon

madhyarat

dWo/ft

n.

midnight

78

madhyavadhi nirvacan dWofjlw lgjf{rg

n.

mid-term elections

madhye

dWo]

postp.

amongin the middle, at the
centre, in between, within,
inside

mag

dfu

n.

demand, claim

magaj

duh

n.

brain

magar

du/

n.

Magar [a Nepali nationality]

magh

df#

n.

tenth month of the Nepali
year [January/February]

magne

dfUg]

n.

beggar

magnu

dfUgÚ

v.t.

to ask for

maha

dx

n.

honey

mahadhiveshan

dxflwj]zg

n.

general assembly, general
meeting

mahajan

dxfhg

n.

moneylender, rich man,
virtuous man

mahakavi

dxfslj

n.

great poet [a title for
Bhanubhakta Acharya]

mahal

dxn

n.

palace

mahango

dxuf]

adj.

expensive

mahasul

dx;'n

n.

cess, tax, rate, custom,
octroi

mahasus

dx;';

n./adj.

feeling, experience,
understanding

mahatta

dxQf

n.

greatness, magnitude,
gravity, glory, importance

mahattva

dxj

n.

greatness, magnitude,
gravity, glory, importance

mahattvakanksha

dxjsf+Iff

n.

high ambition, great desire

mahattvakankshi

dxjsf+IfL

adj.

ambitious

mahattvapurna

dxjk')f{

adj.

superb, royal, regal, palmy,
magnanimous, generous

mahila

dlxnf

n.

woman

mahilo

dflxnf]

n.

second eldest [of brothers]

mahima

dlxdf

n.

exaltation

mahina

dxLgf

n.

month

mahina

dlxgf

n.

month

maida

d}bf

n.

fine flour

maidan

d}bfg

n.

an open field

maiju

dfOh'

n.

mother's brother's wife

79

mailo

d}nf]

adj.

dirty

mailo

dfOnf]

n.

second eldest [of brothers]

main batti

d}g aQL

n.

candle

maina

d}gf

n.

a name applied to several
different sturnoid passerine
birds of India and countries
further east, belonging to
the genera Acridotheres
and Eulabes

maiyan

d}of

n.

princess; a word used
affectionately for
addressing a daughter

maja

dhf

n.

happiness, enjoyment,
rejoicing

majako

dhfsf]

adj.

pleased, funny

majha

df´

n.

middle, centre

majhi

df´L

n.

Majhi [a Nepali nationality]

majhnu

df´\gÚ

v.t.

to clean

makai

ds}

n.

corn, maize

makal

dsn

n.

a small moveable
earthenware stove used for
heating

malai man parcha

dnfO{ dg k%{

comp.

I like

malai man pardaina

dnfO{ dg kb{}g

comp.

I don't like

malai thah chaina

dnfO{ yfxf %}g

comp.

I don't know

malesiya

dn]l;of

n.

Malaysia

malilo

dlnnf]

adj.

fertile, manured

maltal

dfntfn

n.

article, goods

mama

dfdf

n.

mother's brother

man

dg

n.

mind, thought, mental
state, heart, feeling

man aunu

dg cfpgÚ

to long, to wish

manadeva

dfgb]j

n.

Manadeva [name of
several kings of the
Licchavi era]

manahi

dgfxL

n.

prohibition, control

manai

dgfO{

n.

prohibition, control

mananiya

dfggLo

adj.

honorable, respectable,
venerable

manasib

dgfl;a

adj.

right, just, proper,
reasonable, fit

80

manaunu

dgfpgÚ

v.t.

to celebrate

manav

dfgj

n.

mankind, man, human
being

manavshastra

dfgjzf:q

n.

anthropology

manbodhak

dfgaf]ws

adj.

honorific [grammar]

manc

d~r

n.

dais, raised platform, stage

mancari

d~r/L

n.

cluster of buds and flowers,
flower bud

manche

dfG%]

n.

man, person

mandro

dfGb|f]

n.

large bamboo or cane mat

mangal

d+un

n.

the planet Mars

mangalvar

d+unjf/

n.

Tuesday

mangga

dfu

n.

demand, requirement,
requisition

manglavar

d+Unjf/

n.

Tuesday

mangoliya

d+uf]lnof

Mongolei

mangsir

d+u;L/

n.

eighth month of the Nepali
year [November/December]

mani

dfgL

adj.

respectable, respectful

manis

dflg;

n.

man, person

mannu

dfGgÚ

v.t.

to respect, to worship, to
accept, to observe

manoranjan

dgf]/~hg

n.

amusement, entertainment,
recreation

manovigyan

dgf]lj!fg

n.

psychology

manovigyanik

dgf]lj!flgs

adj.

psychological

manparaunu

dgk/fpgÚ

v.t.

to like, to approve, to prefer

mansthiti

dgl:ylt

n.

mental state

mantavya

dGtJo

n.

view, opinion, remark, note,
comment

mantralaya

dGqfno

n.

ministery

mantri

dGqL

n.

minister

manyata

dfGotf

n.

recognition, validity,
accredition

mapdanda

dfkb)*

n.

touchstone, standard

maramar

df/fdf/

n.

fight

marathi

d/f&L

n.

Marathi

marg

dfu{

n.

eighth month of the Nepali
year [November/December]

81

maric

dl/r

n.

black pepper

marka

dsf{

n.

loss, harm, damage

marnu

dfgÚ{

v.t.

to kill, to slaughter

masala

d;nf

n.

spices

masauda

d;f}bf

n.

draft, rough copy

masi

d;L

n.

ink

masino

dl;gf]

adj.

fine, thin, mild, gentle,
delicate

mast

d:t

adj.

drunk, intoxicated

mastira

dfl:t/

n./adv.

above, up

masu

df;Ú

n.

meat

mat

dt

n.

vote, opinion, voice,
dogma, belief

matabhed

dte]b

n.

difference of opinion

matako

df^fsf]

adj.

earthen

matganana

dtu)fgf

n.

counting of votes

mathi

dfly

postp.

above

mathlo tala

dfYnf] tnf

n.

upper floor

matnu

dfTgÚ

v.i.

to get drunk

mato

dtf]

n.

consultation, counsel,
opinion

mato

df^f]

n.

earth, clay, soil

matoko sarvekshan

df^f]sf] ;j]{If)f

n.

soil survey

matribhakta

dfq[eQm

n.

a devotee of one's mother

matribhasa

dfq[efiff

n.

mother tongue

matriprem

dfq[k|]d

n.

mother love

maulik

df}lns

adj.

original

mauna

df}g

n.

silence, taciturnity, mum

mauri

df}/L

n.

bee, honeybee

mausam

df};d

n.

weather, season, monsoon

mausimi

df}l;dL

adj.

seasonal

mausuph

df};'km

pron.

personal address towards
the king [royal honorific
pronoun]

maya

dfof

n.

love

maya garnu

dfof ugÚ{

v.t.

to love

mece

d]r]

n.

Meche [a Nepali nationality]

82

meghalaya

d]#fno

n.

Meghalaya [a Northeast
Indian state]

mehanat

d]xgt

n.

industry, labour, hard work

mehel

d]x]n

n.

a fruit

mel

d]n

n.

meeting, unity, concord,
harmony, intimacy,
friendship, union, alliance

meva

d]jf

n.

melon

midiya

ldl*of

n.

media

mihi

ldxL

adj.

fine, fine spun, finely
pulverized; soft, tender,
smooth

mihinet

ldlxg]t

n.

labour, industry, work, toil

mihineti

ldlxg]tL

adj.

industrious, hardworking,
busy, active

milaunu

ldnfpgÚ

v.t.

to reconcile, to resolve, to
arbitrate, to bring about an
agreement, to cause to
join, to mix, to adjust, to
solve, to balance

milnu

ldNgÚ

v.i.

to agree, to fit in, to mingle
to mix up, to befit

mirg

ldu{

n.

deer

misaunu

ld;fpgÚ

v.t.

to mingle, to mix up
together

misri

ld;|L

n.

sugar candy, rockcandy

mit

dLt

n.

friend (ritually concluded)

mit lagaunu

dLt nufpgÚ

v.t.

to make friends (ritually)

mithai

ld&fO{

n.

sweets

mitho

dL&f]

adj.

delicious, tasteful, tasty

miti

ldlt

n.

date, day, limit, time

mohani

df]xgL

n.

charm, enchantment

mohi

df]xL

n.

buttermilk

mohi parnu

df]xL kfgÚ{

v.t.

to make buttermilk

moja

df]hf

n.

socks, stocking, hose

moren

df]/]g

n.

moraine

mosam

df];d

n.

orange

motamoti

df]^fdf]&L

adj.

near about, approximately

motar

df]^/

n.

car

motar haknu

df]t/ xfSgÚ

v.t.

to drive a car

83

motaunu

df]^fpgÚ

v.i.

to get fat

moto

df]^f]

adj.

fat

mrig

d[u

n.

deer

mrityu

d[ToÚ

n.

death

mrityuko danda

d[ToÚsf] b)*

n.

death penalty

mudda

dÚ@f

n.

law-suite, case

mudki

dÚ*\sL

n.

blow of a fist

mudra

dÚb|f

n.

seal, coin, gesture

mudrak

dÚb|s

n.

printer

mudrakshar

dÚb|fIf/

n.

printing type

mudralaya

dÚb|fno

n.

press, printing place

mudran

dÚb||)f

n.

act of printing

muhan

dÚxfg

n.

source of a river or an
irrigation canal

muhar

dÚxf/

n.

facade

muhurta

dÚx't{

n.

a division of time (48
minutes), auspicious
moment, a moment, a
while, a very short time

mukam

dÚsfd

n.

halting place, halt, dwelling,
place of residence,
camping place

mukh

dÚv

n.

mouth, face

mukh dhunu

dÚv wÚgÚ

v.t.

wash and clean the face

mukhyat

dÚVot

adv.

chiefly, mainly, principally,
primarily

mukta

dÚQm

adj.

liberated, released

mukta garnu

dÚQm ugÚ{

v.t.

to free

mul

d'n

n.

root, source, origin

mula

d'nf

n.

radish

mulak

d'ns

postp.

based on, depending on,
growing from, emanating
from, originating from

mulatah

d'ntM

adv.

basically, fundamentally,
primarily, essentially

mulayat

dÚnfot

adj.

soft

mulsadak

d'n;*s

n.

main road

muluk

dÚnÚs

n.

country, realm, kingdom

mulvasi

d'njf;L

n.

native, original inhabitant

84

mulya

d'No

n.

cost, price, worth, value

mulyangkan

d'Nofég

n.

valuation, estimation

muma

dÚdf

n.

mother [used by upper
class only]

munal

dÚgfn

n.

a kind of bird from the
mountains

mung

dÚª

n.

a kind of Lentils, mung
bean

muni

dÚlg

postp.

below, under

muntira

dÚlGt/

postp.

downwards, below, under

musaldhare

sÚ;nwf/]

adj.

torrential, heavy

muskaunu

dÚ:sfpgÚ

v.i.

to smile

muskuraunu

dÚ:sÚ/fpgÚ

v.t.

to smile

muso

d';f]

n.

mouse, rat

musoko dulo

d';f]sf] bÚnf]

n.

mousehole

musuro

dÚ;Ú/f]

n.

a kind of lentils

muthi

dÚ&L

n.

fist

mutu

dÚ^Ú

n.

heart

mvain

DjfO

n.

kiss

mvain khanu

DjfO vfgÚ

to kiss

myaun garnu

dofp ugÚ{

v.t.

to mew

na

g

conj.

neither, nor

nabbe

gAa]

num.

ninety, 90

nac

gfr

n.

dance

nacnu

gfRgÚ

v.i.

to dance

nadi

gbL

n.

river

nagar

gu/

n.

town, city

nagarik

gful/s

adj.

civil, urban, metropolitan

nagarik shastra

gful/s zf:q

n.

civics, civic studies

nagarpalika

gu/kflnsf

n.

municipality, municipal
committee

nai

g}

part.

a particle used after the
word to give emphasis

nain

gfO{+

interj.

no, negation

naitikta

g}ltstf

n.

morals, morality, ethics

naito

gfO^f]

n.

navel

najar

gh/

n.

eye, vision, sight, look,
glance

85

najarana

gh/fgf

n.

gift, present

najarana

gh/fgf

n.

gift, present, presentation

najayaj

gfhfoh

adj.

improper

najik

ghLs

adj.

near, close to, next to

najitnu

glhTgÚ

v.t.

not to win

nak

gfs

n.

nose

nakka pora

gfs\sf kf]/f

n.

nostrils

nakkal

gSsn

n.

copy, fashion

naksha

gSzf

n.

pattern, map, plan, chart

nalikhutto

glnvÚ§f]

n.

shin-bone

nam

gfd

n.

name, noun

namak

gfds

adj.

named, bearing the name
of

namasthanik

gfd:yflgs

adj.

independent from a noun

namdar

gfdbf/

adj.

famous well known

namkaran

gfds/)f

n.

naming ceremony, baptism

namkarma

gfdsd{

n.

naming ceremony, baptism

nam-namasi

gfdgfdf;L

n.

name and address

namnishan

gfdlgzfg

adj.

name, trace, mark; name
and address

namyogi

gfdof]uL

n.

postposition

nanda

gGb

n.

husband's younger sister

nandebhai

gGb]efO

n.

husband's younger sister's
husband

nang

gª

n.

nail

nangge

gfé]

adj.

naked, uncovered

nanggo

gféf]

adj.

naked, uncovered

nani

gfgL

n.

baby

napunsakling

gkÚ+;slnª

n.

neuter [grammar]

nara

gf/f

n.

slogan, striking word,
phrase

naram

g/d

adj.

soft, delicate, kind, gentle

naramro

g/fd|f]

adj.

bad, not good

nardan

gb{g

n.

neck

narendra

g/]Gb|

n.

king

naresh

g/]z

n.

king

nari

gf/L

n.

wrist, pulse

86

narival

gl/jn

n.

coconut

naso

g;f]

n.

vein

naspati

g:kftL

n.

pear

nata

gftf

n.

relationship, alliance

natadar

gftfbf/

n.

relative

nati

gflt

n.

grandson

natija

glthf

n.

result, consequence

natini

gfltgL

n.

granddaughter

natishitosna

gfltzLtf]i)f

adj.

temperate, moderate

nau

g}

num.

nine, 9

naun

gfp

n.

name

naun caleka

gfp rn]sf

adj.

well known, famous

nauni

gf}gL

n.

butter

navaun

gjf}+

adj.

ninth

nayakatva

gfosTj

n.

leadership, hegemony

nayan

gof

adj.

new

nebharo

g]ef/f]

n.

fig

nepalganj

g]kfnuGh

n.

Nepalganj [a town in the
western Tarai]

nera

g]/

adj.

near, near by, close by, not
far

neri

g]l/

adj.

near, near by, close by, not
far

neta

g]tf

n.

leader, guide, chief

netritva

g]t[Tj

n.

leadership, guidance, lead

nevar

g]jf/

n.

Newar [a Nepali nationality]

nibandha

lgaGw

n.

article, essay, dissertation,
thesis, bond, fixation

nibhnu

lgEgÚ

v.i.

to go out, to be
extinguished

nibuva

lgaÚjf

n.

lemon

nico

gLrf]

adj.

low, inferior, mean,
worthless

nidaunu

lgbfpgÚ

v.i.

to go to sleep, to become
numb

nidhan

lgwfg

n./adj.

destruction, death, poor

nidhar

lgwf/

n.

forehead

nidho

lgwf]

n.

confirmation, settlement,
decision, final word,

87

resolution

nihsantan

lgM;Gtfg

adj.

childless, without offspring

nihun

lgxÚ

n.

excuse, pretence, pretext

niji kshetra

lghL If]q

n.

private sector

nikai

lgs}

adj.

much

nikat

lgs^

adj.

near, near by, close by, not
far

nikaya

lgsfo

n.

body, system

niko

lgsf]

adj.

cured, well

nilo

gLnf]

adj.

blue

nimitta

lgldQ

n./postp. for, for the sake of, for the

cause of, cause, motive,
account, reason

nimnalikhit

lgDglnlvt

adj.

undermentioned, following,
mentioned below

nimti

lglDt

postp.

for, for the sake of

ninda

lgGbf

n.

reflection, condemnation,
slander, calumny,
vilification, censure, blame

nindan

lgGbg

n.

vilification

niptara

lgk^f/f

n.

disposal, settlement,
reconciliation, conclusion

nipun

lgkÚ)f

adj.

dexterous, skilful, clever

nir

gL/

adj.

indigo

nira

lg/

adj.

near, near by, close by, not
far

nirakaran

lg/fs/)f

n.

abrogation, annulment,
removal

nirakshar

lg/If/

adj.

illiterate

nirantar

lg/Gt/

adj.

continuous, constant,
incessant, ceaseless

nirantarta

lg/Gt/tf

n.

continuity, continuation

niraparadh

lg/k/fw

adj.

innocent, faultless, guiltless

nirarthak

lg/y{s

n.

meaningless, vain, useless,
fruitless, insignificant,
worthless, futile

nirdaya

lgb{o

adj.

cruel, brutal, merciless,
unkind

nirdayata

lgb{otf

n.

cruelty, unkindness,
severity, brutality

nirdesh

lgb]{z

n.

instruction, order, indication

88

nirdeshak

lgb]{zs

n.

director (of an institute or
center)

nirdeshan

lgb]{zg

n.

instruction, order, indication

nirman

lgdf{)f

n.

construction, creation,
manufacture, formation,
framing, act of building or
making

nirmata

lgdf{tf

n.

maker, producer,
manufacturer, builder,
creator

nirmit

lgld{t

adj.

made, formed, built,
created

nirnaya

lg)f{o

n.

decision, resolution,
discernment,
ascertainment,
determination

nirogi

lg/f]uL

adj.

healthy, in good health, not
ill

nirvacan

lgjf{rg

n.

election

nis

lg;

n.

gneiss

nisedh bhumi

lgif]w e'ld

n.

forbidden land

nishcal

lgZrn

adj.

fixed, still, firm, motionless,
immovable

nishcaya

lgZro

n.

sure knowledge, resolution,
determination, confidence

nishcit

lglZrt

adj.

sure, unfailing, without
doubt

nishcit
sankhyabodhak

lglZrt ;+Vofaf]ws

n.

definitive numeral

niskantak

lgis)^s

adj.

thornless, free from
troubles

niskanu

lg:sgÚ

v.i.

to come out, to appear

nisto

lg:tf]

adj.

plain, bland

nitamba

lgtDa

n.

hip

niti

gLlt

n.

policy, morality, manners

niun

lgp

n.

pretext, excuse

nivaran

lgjf/)f

n.

prevention, preclusion,
redress, deterrence,
determent

nivas

lgjf;

n.

home, residence, abode,
dwelling

nivasi

lgjf;L

n.

inhabitant, resident, inmate,
native

niyam

lgod

n.

rule, usage, regulation,

89

practice

niyantran

lgoGq)f

n.

control, restraint

niyati

lgolt

n.

fate, luck, fortune, destiny,
predestination

niyukta

lgoÚQm

adj.

appointed, wmployed,
posted

niyukti

lgoÚlQm

n.

appointment, employment

niyutta

lgoÚQ

adj.

appointed, engaged,
employed, devoted,
nominated, assigned

nokar

gf]s/

n.

servant

nuhaune kotha

gÚxfpg] sf]&f

n.

bathroom

nuhaunu

gÚxfpgÚ

v.t.

take a bath

nun

g'g

n.

salt

nunilo

gÚlgnf]

adj.

salty

nyauri

Gofp/L

n.

mongoose

nyaya

Gofo

n.

justice, equity, logic, reason

nyayadhish

GofofwLz

n.

judge, justice

nyayadhish

GofofwLz

n.

judge, justice

nyayalaya

Gofofno

n.

court of justice

nyayapalika

Gofokflnsf

n.

judiciary

nyuntam

Go'gtd

adj.

minimum, minimal

ochyan

cf]%Øfg

n.

bed, bedding,sleeping-mat,
quilt

ochyaunu

cf]%\ØfpgÚ

v.t.

to spread bedding, to
spread a rug,to spread a
mat

odhan

cf]wfg

n.

three-legged iron stand for
putting a cooking vessel
over a fire

odhaunu

cf](fpgÚ

v.t.

to cover up sombody else

odhne

cf](\g]

n.

blanket, bedcover, bedroll

odhnu

cf](\gÚ

v.i./v.t.

to cover oneself up; to
wrap, to cover

ogatnu

cf]u^\gÚ

v.t.

to occupy, to reserve, to
hinder

ohar dohar

cf]x/ bf]x/

n.

the act of coming and going

ohor dohor

cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/

n.

the act of coming and going

ohralnu

cf]x|fNgÚ

v.t.

to cause to descend

oilaunu

cf]OnfpgÚ

v.i.

to wither, to fade

90

oilinu

cf]OlngÚ

v.t.

to be withered

oiranu

cf]O/gÚ

v.i.

to drop, to fall headlong

oiraunu

cf]O/fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to drop, to cause
to fall [in large quantity]

oirini

cf]Ol/gÚ

v.i.

to drop, to fall [in large
quantity]

oirinu

cf]Ol/gÚ

v.i.

to flow continually

ojhel

cf]´]n

adj.

hidden, screened off

okatnu

cf]s^\gÚ

v.t.

to occupy, to reserve, to
hinder

okhar

cf]v/

n.

walnut

okhati

cf]vtL

n.

medicine

orlanu

cf]n{gÚ

v.i.

to comedown, to descend

orlinu

cf]ln{gÚ

v.i.

to comedown, to descend

osarinu

cf];fl/gÚ

v.i.

to be moved from one
place to another

osarnu

cf];fgÚ{

v.t.

to move something from
one place to another

oth

cf]&

n.

lip, lips

pacadi

krfl*

postp.

behind

pacas

krf;

num.

fifty, 50

pacasi

krf;L

num.

eighty-five, 85

pacchim

klR%d

n.

west

paccis

kRrL;

num.

twenty-five, 25

pachadi

k%fl*

postp.

behind, later, in the back

pachattar

krxQ/

num.

seventy-five, 75

pachaute

k%f}^]

adj.

late, hinder, backward

pachi

kl%

postp.

behind, later, in the back

pachi hatnu

kl% x^\gÚ

v.i.

to move back

pachi janu

kl% hfgÚ

v.i.

to follow

pachi sarnu

kl% ;gÚ{

v.i.

to step back, to step down

pachillo

kl%Nnf]

adj.

last, hindermost, back, rear

pachipachi

kl%kl%

adv.

immediately after, next

pacpanna

kRkGg

num.

fifty-five, 55

pad

kb

n.

foot, step, foot-step, word

padadhikari

kbflwsf/L

n.

official, officer, authority

padartha

kbfy{

n.

meaning of a word, matter

91

padarthavacak nam

kbfy{jfrs gfd

n.

objective term

padavi

kbjL

n.

title, designation; post, rank

padhai

k(fO

n.

study, method of reading or
teaching

padhaunu

k(fpgÚ

v.t.

to teach

padhelekheka

k(]n]v]sf

adj.

educated, able to read and
write

padhnu

k(\gÚ

v.t.

to lear, to read, to study

padina

klbgf

n.

mint

pagal

kfun

n.

a mad man

pagalkhana

kfunvfgf

n.

mad-house

pagalnu

kufNgÚ

v.t.

to melt

paglanu

kUngÚ

v.i.

to melt

pahad

kxf*

n.

mountain, hill

pahadi pradesh

kxf*L k|b]z

n.

hilly region

pahenlo

kx]+nf]

adj.

yellow

pahican

klxrfg

n.

recognition, acquaintance,
identity

pahilo

klxnf]

adj.

first

pahiran

klx/g

n.

costume, suit, dress,
clothes, garments

pahuna

kfxÚgf

n.

visitor, guest

painsatthi

k}+;^\&L

num.

sixty-five, 65

paintalis

k}+tfnL;

num.

forty-five, 45

paintis

k}+tL;

num.

thirty-five, 35

paitalo

k}tfnf]

n.

sole

pajani

khgL

n.

arrangement, setting in
order, overhauling [the
annual festival during which
appointments of
government officials were
renewed for the ensuing
year]

pakaunu

ksfpgÚ

v.t.

to cook

pakeko

kfs]sf]

adj.

ripe, cooked, mature

paket

ks]^

n.

pocket

pakhala

kvfnf

n.

diarrhoea

pakhalnu

kvfNgÚ

v.t.

to rinse

pakheta

kv]^f

n.

wing

92

pakhura

kfvÚ/f

n.

arm

pakka

kSsf

adj.

1. certain, sure, true; durable,

strong; careful

pakka garnu

kSsf ugÚ{

v.t.

to confirm to make sure

pakku

kSsÚ

n.

meat fried in butter

paknu

kfSgÚ

v.i.

to be ripe, to ripen, to be
cooked

pako

kfsf]

adj.

aged, experienced

pakranu

kqmgÚ

v.t.

to catch, to hold, to arrest,
to capture, to seize, to
catch on, to understand

pakrau

kqmfp

n.

capture, arrest, seizure

paksha

kIf

n.

wing, part, party

palnu

kfNgÚ

v.t.

to take care of, to raise, to
bring up, to nourish, to
keep, to tame

palpa

kfNkf

n.

Palpa [former mini-state,
currently a district of Nepal]

paltan

kN^g

n.

regiment, batallion

palunggo

kfn'¨f]

n.

spinach

pan

kfg

n.

the leaf of the betal nut
eaten with areca nut and
lime

pana

kfgf

n.

leaf (of a book)

panati

kgftL

n.

great-grandson

panc

kfr

num.

five, 5

panc patra

kfr kq

adj.

fivefold

pancanabbe

kGrfgAa]

num.

ninety-five, 95

pancangga

k~rfé

n.

almanac (of Hindu
astrology)

pancaun

kfrf}+

adj.

fifth

pancayat

kGrfot

n.

village assembly to decide
disputes, an assembly of
elected representatives

panchaunu

kG%fpgÚ

v.t.

to evade, to push aside

pandhra

kGw|

num.

fifteen, 15

pani

klg

adv.

also, too, even

pani

kfgL

n.

water, rain

pani ... pani

klg » klg

adv.

as well as

pani pareka vela

kfgL k/]sf] j]nf

comp.

when it rains

93

pani parnu

kfgL kgÚ{

v.t.

to rain

paniun

klgp

n.

a flat spoon used for ladling
out rice

panjaa

kGhf

n.

a combination of five
fingers, gloves, covering of
the hands

panjika

kl~hsf

n.

register, list, calender

pankha

k+vf

n.

wing, feather; fan

pantha

kGy

n.

path, sect, religious order

panthi

kGyL

n.

traveller, sectarian

pap

kfk

n.

sin

papi

kfkL

adj.

sinful, profligate, criminal

par

kf/

n.

end, other side, limit,
accomplishment,
renunciation, release, relief,
deliverance, liberation

para

k/

adv.

aside, separate, beyond,
further

paraghaun

k/f#f}+

adv.

after two years

parajaya

k/fho

n.

defeat

parajit

k/flht

adj.

defeated, vanquished,
overthrown

parajit

k/flht

adj.

defeated, overthrown

parakram

k/fqmd

n.

power, strength, valour,
prowess

parakrami

k/fqmdL

adj.

heroic, gallant, valiant,
brave

param

k/d

adj.

best, supreme, uttermost,
extreme

paramdham

k/dwfd

n.

heaven, paradise, the next
world; death, demise

paramgati

k/dult

n.

liberation, salvation

parampad

k/dkb

n.

liberation, salvation

parampara

k/Dk/f

n.

sequence, succession,
order

paramparagat

k/Dk/fut

adj.

tradional

paramparik

kf/Dkfl/s

adj.

traditional, hereditary

parampita

k/dlktf

n.

the creator of all, God

parantu

k/GtÚ

n./adv.

but, inspite, however, still,
the remaining life, end

parapacuke

kf/kfrÚs]

n.

divorce, dissolution of
marriage

94

parar

k/f/

adv.

two years ago

pararastra

k//fi^«

n.

foreign county, another
country

pararastra mantralaya k//fi^« dGqfno

n.

foreign ministry

pararastra mantri

k//fi^« dGqL

n.

foreign minister

pararastriya

k//fi^«Lo

adj.

foreign, alien, related to
another nation

paraspar

k/:k/

adj.

mutually, reciprocal, one
another

parca

krf{

n.

leaflet, settlement record

parda

kbf{

n.

curtain, screen, veil,
partition

pardabhitrai

kbf{leq}

comp.

secretly

pardesh

k/b]z

adv.

abroad

pardesh lagnu

k/b]z nfUgÚ

to go abroad

parela

k/]nf

n.

eyelash

pareva

k/]jf

n.

pigeon, young dove

pari

kfl/

n.

the other side [of the shore
or boundary]

pari

kf/L

n.

the other side [of the shore
or boundary]

paribhasa

kl/efiff

n.

definition, terminology

paricalan

kl/rfng

n.

mobilization

paricaya

kl/ro

n.

acquaintance, intimacy,
familiarity

paricched

kl/R%]b

n.

part, division, section of a
book, chapter, paragraph

pariksha

k/LIff

n.

examination, investigation

parikshan

k/LIf)f

n.

examination, investigation

parimanbodhak

kl/df)faf]ws

adj.

quantitative [grammar]

parinam

kl/)ffd

n.

result, consequence

parinamsvarup

kl/)ffd:j¿k

conj.

as a result of, with the
result of, consequently

parinati

kl/)flt

n.

transformation, culmination,
form

paripati

kl/kf^L

n.

tradition, method, mode,
arrangement, order

paripurti

kl/kÚlt{

n.

perfection, completion

parisad

kl/ifb

n.

assembly, council, senate,
committee

parishist

kl/lzi^

n.

appendix, supplement

95

parishrami

kl/>dL

adj.

laborious, industrious,
painstaking, hardworking,
diligent

paristhiti

kl/l:ylt

n.

circumstances, situation,
condition, surrounding,
environment

parit

kfl/t

adj.

resolved, decided,
concluded, passed (of a
motion, bill, etc.)

parityag

kl/Tofu

n.

abandonment, abdication

parivar

kl/jf/

n.

family

parivartan

kl/jt{g

n.

change, exchange

pariyojana

kl/of]hgf

n.

project

parkhal

kvf{n

n.

wall

parkhanu

kv{gÚ

v.t.

to wait, to have patience

parkhinu

klv{gÚ

v.t.

to wait, to have patience

parnu

kgÚ{

v.i.

to happen, to occur, to fall,
to ignite

parnu

kfgÚ{

v.t.

to put in, to lay, to ignite, to
cause, to make

paro

kf/f]

n.

mercury

parsi

kl;{

adv.

the day after tomorrow

parti

kf^L{

n.

party

parti kendriya kamiti

kf^L{ s]Gb|Lo sldlt

n.

central committee of a
party

parva

kj{

n.

festival, holiday, fête,
chapter, section, portion,
canto

parvat

kj{t

n.

hill, mountain, rock

paryanta

ko{Gt

postp.

till, until, unto, up to

paryatak

ko{^s

n.

traveller, wanderer, tourist

paryatakharuko svarg ko{^s¿sf] :ju{

n.

tourist paradise

paryatan

ko{^g

n.

touring, tourism

pasal

k;n

n.

shop, warehouse, booth

pasale

k;n]

n.

shopkeeper, merchant,
vendor

pashcim

klZrd

n.

west

pashupalan

kzÚkfng

n.

animal husbandry

pashupati

kzÚklt

n.

Pashupati

pasina

k;Lgf

n.

sweat

96

paskanu

k:sgÚ

v.t.

to serve [food]

pasnu

k:gÚ

v.t.

to enter, to go in, to come
in

pata

kf^

n.

jute, hessian, silk, silk
threat

patak

k^s

n.

times, occasion

patalo

kf^nf]

adj.

thin

patan

k^g

n.

packing, package

patan

ktg

n.

fall, downfall, degradation

patan

kf^g

n.

Lalitpur, Patan [a
neighbouring town of
Kathmandu]

patani

k^gL

n.

irrigation

path

kf^

n.

lesson, reading, recital

path

ky

n.

path, course

pathaunu

k&fpgÚ

v.t.

to send, to despatch

pathi

kf&L

n.

lamb [female]

patho

kf&f]

n.

lamb [male]

pathshala

kf&zfnf

n.

school, seminary

pathshalaya

kf&zfnfof

n.

school, college, academy,
seminary

pati

klt

n.

husband

patit

kltt

adj.

fallen, degraded, outcaste

patni

kTgL

n.

wife, better half, married
woman

patra

kq

n.

page

patrakar

kqsf/

n.

journalist

patre cattan

kq] r§fg

n.

sedimentary rock

patrika

klqsf

n.

magazine, journal

patta

kQf

n.

leaf, foliage, address

patthar

kTy/

n.

stone

patti

k§L

n.

bandage

patti

kl§

n.

side

pattyaunu

k§\ofpgÚ

v.t.

to plait, to fold

pau

kfp

n.

a quarter

paune

kf}g]

adj.

a quarter to

paunu

kfpgÚ

v.t.

to get, to obtain, to receive,
to bear, to beget, to

97

produce

pauranik

kf}/flgs

adj.

legendary

pauranu

kf}/gÚ

v.i.

swim

pauri

kf}/L

n.

swimming

pauri khelnu

kf}/L v]NgÚ

v.t.

swim

pauroti

kfp/f]^L

n.

bread

paus

kf}if

n.

ninth month of the Nepali
year (December/January)

paustik

kf}li^s

n.

nutrition

pesh

k]z

postp.

in front of, before

pesha

k]zf

n.

occupation

pesta

k]:tf

n.

pestachio nut

pet

k]^

n.

stomach

peti

k]^L

n.

belt, casket, small box,
small chest, girdle

phagun

kmfuÚg

n.

eleventh month of the
Nepali year
(February/March)

phaida

kmfO{bf

n.

advantage

phailanu

km}ngÚ

v.i.

to spread, to be scattered

phailanu

km}ngÚ

v.i.

to spread, to be scattered

phailinu

km}lngÚ

v.i.

to spread, to be scattered

phaisala

km};nf

n.

decision, judgement,
settlement, adjudication

phalam

kmnfd

n.

iron

phalgun

kmNuÚ)f

n.

eleventh month of the
Nepali year
(February/March)

phalnu

kmfNgÚ

v.t.

to throw away

phalnu

kmNgÚ

v.i.

to bear fruits; to cleanse, to
husk

phalphul

kmnkm'n

n.

fruits and flowers

phalphul kheti

kmnkm'n v]tL

n.

horticulture

phalsvarup

kmn:j¿k

postp.

as a result of

phansi

kmf;L

n.

execution by hanging,
noose

phapar

kmfk/

n.

buckwheat

pharak

km/s

n.

difference, separation,
being apart

pharakilo

km/flsnf]

adj.

spacious, roomy, extensive

98

pharar

km/f/

n.

absconding, fled

pharkanu

kms{gÚ

v.i.

to return, to come back

pharsi

km;L{

n.

large yellow pumpkin

phastaunu

km:^fpgÚ

v.t.

to develop, to become fat

phatyangro

km^Øféf]

n.

cricket, grasshopper

pherabadal

km]/abn

n.

change, modification

pheri

km]l/

adv.

again, once more, once
again

phesan

km];g

n.

facion

phijinu

lkmlhgÚ

v.i.

to spread

phikri garnu

lkmqmL ugÚ{

v.t.

to be worried

phila

lkmnf

n.

thigh

philipins

lkmlnlkG;

n.

Philippinen

phohor

kmf]xf]/

adj.

dirty, foul, filthy, obscene

phokso

kmf]S;f]

n.

lungs

phranseli

k|mfG;]nL

adj.

French

phul

km'n

n.

flower

phul

kmÚn

n.

egg

phulbari

km'naf/L

n.

flower garden

phuleko kesh

kmÚn]sf] s]z

grey hair

phulkopi

km'nsf]kL

n.

cauliflower

phupaju

kmÚkfhÚ

n.

father's sister's husband

phupu

kmÚk'

n.

father's sister

phurtilo

kmÚlt{nf]

adj.

smart

phusro

kmÚ;|f]

adj.

grey, grizzled

phutbal khelnu

kmÚ^an v]NgÚ

v.t.

to play football

phyanknu

km\ofSgÚ

v.t.

to throw away

phyauro

km\ofp/f]

n.

fox

pidit

kLl*t

adj.

afflicted, tortured,
distressed, oppressed

pindalu

lk+*fnÚ

n.

a kind of root

pindulo

lk+*Únf]

n.

calf of the leg

ping

kLª

n.

swing

pir

kL/

n.

worry, anxiety, distress,
mental trouble, punishment

99

pira

lk/f

n.

floor seat [of straw or wood]

piralnu

lk/NgÚ

v.i./v.t.

to torment, to afflict, to
distress, to tease

piro

lk/f]

adj.

hot [in taste]

pirolnu

lk/f]NgÚ

v.t.

to torment, to afflict, to
distress, to tease

pita

lktf

n.

father [Sanskritized]

pithiun

lkl&p

n.

back

pitho

kL&f]

n.

flour, powder

pitho

kL&f]

n.

flour

pittal

lkQn

n.

brass

pohor

kf]xf]/

adv.

last year

poi

kf]O

n.

husband [rural]

poila

kf]On

n.

running away with a man
without formal marriage

poila janu

kf]On hfgÚ

comp.

run away with a man

pokhari

kf]v/L

n.

pond, lake, reservoir

poleko masu

kf]n]sf] df;Ú

n.

barbecued meat

pothi mujur

kf]yL dÚhÚ/

n.

peahen

potnu

kf]TgÚ

v.t.

smear with red clay, paint
the floor wall, whitewash

poto

kf]tf]

n.

a smearing rag

prabandhak

k|aGws

n.

manager, writer of an
essay

prabhat

k|eft

n.

daybreak, dawn

prabhav

k|efj

n.

influence, effect, power,
strength, authority,
dominance

prabhavashali

k|efjzfnL

adj.

powerful, strong, radiant

pracalan

k|rng

n.

prevalence, custom, usage,
currency, movement

pracalit

k|rlnt

adj.

prevalent, current,
customary, in practice, , in
vogue, recognised

pracar

k|rf/

n.

publicity, publication,
usage, advertisement,
announcement

pracarit

k|rfl/t

adj.

propagated, publicised,
circulated, made current,
made prevalent, given
currency

100

pracin

k|frLg

adj.

ancient, old, antique, aged

pracinta

k|frLgtf

n.

antiquity, ancientness

pradesh

k|b]z

n.

province, region, realm,
country, territory, state

pradeshik

kf|b]lzs

adj.

regional

pradhanmantri

k|wfgdGqL

n.

Prime Minister

pradhannyayadhish

k|wfgGofofwLz

n.

Chief Justice

pradhyapak

k|fWofks

n.

college teacher, lecturer,
professor

pradurbhav

k|fb"ef{j

n.

appearance, manifestation;
serious or terrible outbreak;
birth, prevalence

pradusan

kb"if)f

n.

pollution

pragati

k|ult

n.

progress, advancement

pragatishil

k|ultzLn

adj.

progressive, modern

prahari

k|x/L

n.

police

praja

k|hf

n.

subject, tenant, people,
progeny

prajatantra

k|hftGq

n.

democracy

prajatantrik

k|hftflGqs

adj.

democratic

prakar

k|sf/

n.

kind, way, sort

prakash

k|sfz

n.

light, manifestation,
publication

prakashak

k|sfzs

n.

publisher

prakashan

k|sfzg

n.

publication, publishing

prakashit

k|sflzt

adj.

published

prakashkiya

k|sfzsLo

adj.

related to the publisher

prakhyat

k|Voft

adj.

renowned, famous,
celebrated, noted

prakriti

k|fs[lt

n.

nature, talent

prakritik

k|fs[lts

adj.

natural, physical, material

prakritik gyas

k|fs[lts Uof;

n.

natural gas

prakritik vanaspati

k|fs[lts jg:klt

n.

natural vegetation

prakriya

k|lqmof

n.

process, procedure,
manner, method, technique

praman

k|df)f

n.

proof, testimony, evidence,
attestation, ascertainment

pramanik

k|dfl)fs

adj.

factual, true, genuine,
authoritative

pramanik

k|fdfl)fs

adj.

factual, true, genuine,

101

authoritative

pramanit

k|dfl)ft

adj.

certified

pramanpatra

k|df)fkq

n.

certificate, testimonial,
permit

pramukh

k|dÚv

n.

principal, chief, head

pranali

k|)ffnL

n.

method, mode, way

pranta

k|fGt

n.

border, end, extremity,
province

prapta

k|fKt

adj.

obtained, received,
acquired

prapti

k|flKt

n.

receipt, procuration,
acquisition, income, profit

prarambha

k|f/De

n.

beginning, commencement,
inception, initiation, starting
point

prarthana

k|fy{gf

n.

prayer, petition, request

prarthana garnu

k|fy{gf ugÚ{

v.t.

tp pray, to request

prasanga

k|;é

n.

relation, connection,
association, discussion,
narration, context

prasar

k|;f/

n.

width, expansion, extent,
spreading, spread, diffusion

prashangsa

k|z+;f

n.

praise, appreciation,
applause, laudation, eulogy

prashasan

k|zf;g

n.

administration

prashasta

k|z:t

adj.

abundant, sufficient,
enough

prashna

k|Zg

n.

question

prashnarthak
sarvanam

k|Zgfy{s ;j{gfd

n.

interrogative pronoun

prashnavali

k|ZgfjnL

n.

questionnaire

prasiddha

k|l;$

adj.

famous, renowned,
glorious, illustrious,
celebrated

prastav

k|:tfj

n.

proposal, suggestion;
preface, foreword,
preamble

prastavana

k|:tfjgf

n.

introduction, prologue,
preface, foreword

prastut

k|:tÚt

adj.

presented, submitted

pratam purusvacak

k|td kÚ?ifjfrs

n.

first person [grammar]

pratha

k|yf

n.

usage, practice, custom,
rule, fashion, method,

102

system

pratham

k|yd

adj.

first, best, primitive

pratham purus

k|yd kÚ?if

n.

first person [ling.]

prathamikta

k|fyldstf

n.

priority, precedence

prati

k|lt

postp.

towards, near to, against, in
opposition to

pratibaddha

k|lta$

adj.

restricted, banned,
conditioned, committed

pratibaddhata

k|lta$tf

n.

commitment

pratibandhit

k|ltalGwt

adj.

restricted, banned,
conditioned

pratibha

k|ltef

n.

genius, intellect, wit,
intelligence, brilliance

pratibimba

k|ltlaDa

n.

reflection, image, shadow

pratibimbit

k|ltlalDat

adj.

reflected

pratigama

k|ltufdf

adj.

retrogressive

pratik

k|tLs

n.

symbol, fetish

pratikar

k|ltsf/

n.

retaliation, revenge

pratikatmak

k|tLsfTds

adj.

symbolic, allegorical

pratikriya

k|ltlqmof

n.

reaction

pratiksha

k|tLIff

n.

expectation

pratinidhi

k|ltlglw

n.

representative, substitute

pratinidhitva

k|ltlglwTj

n.

representation, deputation,
delegacy

pratipaksha

k|ltkIf

n.

opposition, rival side,
hostile camp, contesting
party

pratipakshi

k|ltkIfL

n.

opponent, rival, contestant,
contralateral

pratishat

k|ltzft

n.

percent percentage

pratishodh

k|ltzf]w

n.

revenge, vengeance,
retaliation, vendetta, blood
feud

pratisparddha

k|lt:k${

n.

rivalry, contest, competition

prativedan

k|ltj]bg

n.

report, representation

pratiyogita

k|ltof]lutf

n.

rivalry, competition, hostility

pratyek

k|To]s

adj.

every, everyone

pravacan

k|jrg

n.

commentary, elucidation,
explanation

pravesh

k|j]z

n.

entry, admission, access,

103

entrance

pravidhi

k|ljlw

n.

technique

pravidhigya

k|ljlw!

n.

technician

pravriti

k|j[lt

n.

trend

pravritti

k|j[lQ

n.

inclination of mind,
tendency

prayah

k|foM

adv.

almost, nearly, often,
generally

prayas

k|of;

n.

effort, attempt, endeavour

prayatna

k|oTg

n.

effort, attempt, endeavour

prayog

k|oF]u

n.

use, application, action,
effort, usage, example,
performance

pret

k|]t

n.

dead, deceased, spirit of
the dead, evil spirit, ghost;
a very greedy person

pristhabhumi

k[i&e'ld

n.

basis

prithvi

k[YjL

n.

earth

priya

lk|o

adj.

dear, lovely, beloved

pucchar

kÚR%/

n.

tail

pugnu

kÚUgÚ

v.i.

to arrive at, to reach, to be
fulfilled, to be sufficient

puja garnu

k'hf ugÚ{

v.t.

to worship, to adore

puja kotha

k'hf sf]&f

n.

prayer room, worshipping
room

punargathan

kÚgu{&g

n.

reorganization, recasting

punarjivit

kÚghL{ljt

adj.

revived, risen from the
dead

punarnirman

kÚglg{df{)f

reconstruction

punarvalikan

kÚg/jnLsg

n.

revision, retrospect, review

punarvas

kÚgjf{;

n.

rehabilitation

puniun

kÚlgp

n.

a flat spoon used for ladling
out rice

punling

kÚ+lné

n.

male [grammar]

pura

k'/f

adj.

full, complete, entire, gross,
whole

purano

kÚ/fgf]

adj.

old, ancient

purashcaran

kÚ/Zr/)f

n.

repeating the name of a
deity

purashcarya

kÚ/Zrof{

n.

repeating the name of a
deity

104

puratatva

kÚ/ftTj

n.

archaeology

puri

kÚ/L

n.

bread cooked in butter

purkha

kÚv{f

n.

ancestor, forefather

purna

k')f{

adj.

perfect, full, complete,
whole, accomplished,
sufficient, detailed

purnatah

k')f{tM

adv.

completely, fully, perfectly,
totally

purnataya

k')f{tof

adj.

completely, totally, fully,
entirely

purnima

k'l)f{df

n.

full moon day

purohit

kÚ/f]lxt

n.

family priest

purusartha

kÚ?iffy{

n.

manly achievement,
energy, vigour, valour

purusvacak sarvanam kÚ?ijfrs ;j{gfd

n.

personal pronoun

purvadhar

k'jf{wf/

n.

infrastructure

purvagraha

k'jf{u|x

n.

prejudice

purvak

k'j{s

suff.

together, with

purvi

k'jL{

adj.

eastern, eastern quarter

purviya

k'jL{of

adj.

eastern

purviya

k'jL{o

adj.

eastern

puryaunu

kÚof{pgÚ

v.t.

to exort, to lead, to fulfil a
wish

pus

kÚ;

n.

ninth month of the Nepali
year (December/January)

pusta

kÚ:tf

n.

generation, succession

pustakalaya

kÚ:tsfno

n.

library

pusti

kÚli&

n.

nourishment, nutrition

putali

kÚtnL

n.

butterfly

pval

Kjfn

n.

hole, opening

pyaj

Kofh

n.

onion

pyaro

Kof/f]

adj.

loving, dear, beloved,
lovely, pleasant

pyau

Kofp

n.

mushroom

racak

/rs

n.

author, writer, maker

racana

/rgf

n.

composition, production,
creation, formation

racanatmak

/rgfTds

adj.

creative, constructive

racayita

/rlotf

n.

composer, writer, author,

105

maker

racit

/lrt

adj.

composed, made, formed,
manufactured, compiled,
constructed, built, invented,
fabricated

radhi

/f(L

n.

coarse wollen rug

ragat

/ut

n.

blood

ragat aunu

/ut cfpgÚ

to bleed

rahanu

/xgÚ

v.i.

to remain, to dwell, to
inhabit

rahar

/x/

n.

a kind of lentils

rahasyamaya

/x:odo

adj.

mysterious, secret, hidden

rahasyamaya
dhangabata

/x:odo (éaf&

adv.

in a mysterious way

rahat

/fxt

n.

comfort, relief

rai

/fO{

n.

Rai [a Nepali nationality]

raithane

/}yfg]

n.

local inhabitant, aboriginee

raiti

/}tL

n.

tenant, leaseholder, farmer

raja

/fhf

n.

king, ruler, sovereign

rajaharuma

/fhfx¿df

comp.

among kings

rajasva

/fh:j

n.

revenue, royalty

rajdarbar

/fhb/af/

n.

the king's palace

rajdhani

/fhwfgL

n.

capital

rajdut

/fhb't

n.

ambassador

rajdutavas

/fhb'tfjf;

n.

embassy

rajhans

/hxf;

n.

swan

rajhans

/fhxf;

n.

swan

raji

/fhL

adj.

willing, pleased, desirous,
content, complacent

rajikhushi

/fhLvÚzL

n.

willingness, acceptance
with much pleasure

rajinama

/fhLgfdf

n.

agreement, compromise

rajkaj

/fhsfh

n.

government work,
administration

rajkaji

/fhsfhL

adj.

relating to government,
relating to administration

rajkanya

/fhsGof

n.

princess

rajkarya

/fhsfo{

n.

public affair, affairs of state,
governance

rajkumar

/fhsÚdf/

n.

prince

106

rajkumari

/fhsÚdf/L

n.

princess

rajnaitik

/fhg}lts

adj.

political

rajnaitik gatividhi

/fhg}lts ultljlw

political movement

rajniti

/fhgLlt

n.

politics, political science

rajnitigya

/fhgLlt!

n.

politician

rajnitik

/fhgLlts

adj.

political

rajnitik labh

/fhgLlts nfe

n.

political importance

rajparisad

/fhkl/ifb

n.

council of state

rajprasad

/fhk|;fb

n.

palace

rajtantra

/fhtGq

n.

monarchy, monarchical
system of government

rajvanshi

/fhj+zL

n.

Rajvanshi [a Nepali
nationality]

rajya

/fHo

n.

kingdom, state, territory

rajyadhikar

/fHolwsf/

n.

power of the state, jura
regia

rajyavati

/fHojtL

n.

Rajyavati [mother of
Licchavi king Manadeva I]

rakhnu

/fVgÚ

v.t.

to keep, to protect, to hold

raksha

/Iff

n.

defence, protection, guard

raksi

/S;L

n.

alcoholic drink

raktapatpurna

/Stkftk")f{

adj.

bloody

rakumari

/fhsÚdf/L

n.

princess

ramailo

/dfOnf]

adj.

pleasant

ramaunu

/dfpgÚ

v.i.

to be pleased, to feel
happy, to feel delighted, to
be glad

ramnu

/DgÚ

v.i.

to be pleased, to feel
happy, to feel delighted, to
be glad

ramro

/fd|f]

adj.

good, beautiful

rang

/é

n.

colour

rangamanc

/éd~r

n.

stage

rangaunu

/+ufpgÚ

v.t.

to colour, to paint, to dye,
to tint

rangicangi

/+uLr+uL

adj.

multi-coloured

rangin

/+uLg

adj.

coloured

rango

/fuf]

n.

water buffalo [male]

107

rani

/fgL

n.

queen

ranniti

/)fgLlt

n.

strategy

rap

/fk

n.

heat of the sun, heat of the
fire

ras

/;

n.

juice, broth

rasiya

/;Lof

n.

Russia

rastra

/fi^«

n.

nation

rastrabhasa

/fi^«efiff

n.

national language,
language of the nation

rastranayak

/fi^«gfos

n.

head of state

rastravad

/fi^«jfb

n.

nationalism

rastravadi

/fi^«jfbL

n./adj.

a nationalist, nationalistic

rastriya

/fli^«o

adj.

national

rastriya jagaran

/fli^«o hfu/)f

national awakening

rastriya rastra

/fli^«o /fi^«

nation-state

rastriyata

/fli^«otf

n.

nationality, nationalism

rat

/t

postp.

engaged in, employed in,
devoted to, absorbed in,
addicted to

rat

/ft

n.

night

rat parcha

/ft k%{

it's getting dark

rati

/flt

adv.

at night

rato

/ftf]

adj.

red

rato mato

/ftf] df^f]

n.

red clay to paint the wall

raun

/f}+

n.

hair of the body

ravivar

/ljjf/

n.

Sunday

rayako sag

/fofsf] ;fu

n.

mustard greens [large]

rel

/]n

n.

rail

rica

Crf

n.

verse, hymn

rihai

l/xfO{

n.

release, acquittal,
deliverance, discharge,
setting free

rijha

l/´

n.

gladness, happiness,
contentment

rina

C)f

n.

debt, loan, due, obligation

rini

C)fL

n./adj.

debtor, indebted

ris

l/;

n.

anger, wrath, irritation

risaeko

l/;fPsf]

adj.

angry

108

risaunu

l/;fpgÚ

v.i.

to be angry, to get irritated

risi

Clif

n.

sage, saint, wise ascetic

riti-thiti

/Lltlylt

n.

social customs

rittinu

l/lQgÚ

v.i.

to be emptied

ritto

l/Qf]

adj.

empty, hollow

ritu

CtÚ

n.

season of the year

rodh

/f]w

n.

onbstruction, obstacle,
hindrance

rog

/f]u

n.

sickness, disease, illness,
ailment

rogi

/f]uL

n.

sick person

rojgar

/f]huf/

n.

business, trade,
employment, profession,
occupation

rok

/f]s

n.

prohibition, restriction,
interdict

rokinu

/f]lsgÚ

v.i.

to be stopped, to be
hindered

roknu

/f]SgÚ

v.t.

to prohibit, to obstruct, to
hinder, to prevent, to stop

roti

/f]^L

n.

bread [made of flour and
water without yeast]

ruci

¿lr

n.

interest, liking, taste

rugha

?#f

n.

cold, catarrh, chill

rugna

?U)f

adj.

ill, sick, unwell, indisposed,
motbid, diseased

runa man lagnu

?g dg nfUgÚ

to feel like to wep

runu

?gÚ

v.i.

to weep, to cry

rup

¿k

n.

countenance, look, form,
shape, aspect, beauty,
guise, semblance,
appearance

rupantar

¿kfGt/

n.

transformation, transition,
change of form,
metamorphosis, translation,
conversion

rupi

¿kL

postp.

having the form of, having
the shape of

rupiyan

?lkof

n.

Rupee

ruvanda

?jf)*f

n.

Ruanda

ruvaunu

?jfpgÚ

v.i.

to cause to weep

saba

;a

adj.

all, everything

109

sabai bhanda

;a} eGbf

of all

sabaijaso

;a}h;f]

pron.

almost all

saber

;a]/

adj.

early

saberai

;a]/}

adv.

early

sabha

;ef

n.

assembly, meeting,
gathering

sabhapati

;efklt

n.

chairman [of a meeting,
organization or party]

sabhyata

;Eotf

n.

civilization, civility,
politeness, courtesy, good
manner

sabik

;flas

adj.

former, previous

sabun

;faÚg

n.

soap

sabunko gaj

;faÚgsf] ufh

n.

soap foam

sabunko phinja

;faÚgsf] lkm+h

n.

soap foam

sabut

;a't

n.

proof, evidence, testimony,
demonstration

sacetak

;r]ts

n.

whip

saciv

;rLj

n.

secretary, advisor,
companion

sacivalaya

;lrjfno

n.

secretariat

sadak

;*s

n.

road [metalled]

sadan

;bg

n.

residence, house,
assembly hall

sadar

;b/

n.

acceptance, approval,
sanction

sadar upatyaka

;b/ pkTosf

n.

central valley

sadashya

;bZo

n.

member

sadashyaharuprati
daman-niti

;bZox¿k|lt bdggLlt

n.

politics of oppression
towards members

sadasya

;b:o

n.

member

sadasyata

;b:otf

n.

membership

sadbhavana

;b\efjgf

n.

friendship

sadhain

;w}+

adv.

always

sadhan

;fwg

n.

material, resource,
medium, means,
equipment

sadhana

;fwgf

n.

devotes labour or striving,
object of devotion;
controlling spirit or ghost by
reciting sacred verses;

110

penance, propitiation

sadharan

;fwf/)f

adj.

common, simple, general

sadharan sabha

;fwf/)f ;ef

n.

general assembly

sadhe

;f(]

adj.

half past

sadiccha

;lbR%f

n.

good wishes, good will

sadupayog

;bÚkof]u

n.

utilization

sadyantra

if*\oGq

n.

conspiracy, plot, intrigue

sagapat

;fukft

n.

(leafy) vegetables

sagar

;fu/

n.

ocean, sea

sagar

;u/

n.

sky, heaven

sagarkhand

;u/vG*

n.

sweet potato

sagarmatha

;u/dfyf

n.

Sagarmatha,
Chomolungma, Mount
Everest

sagaunu

;ufpgÚ

v.t.

to help, to assist, to aid

saghaunu

;#fpgÚ

v.t.

to help, to assist, to aid

saglo

;Unf]

adj.

whole, complete, undivided

sagsabji

;fu;AjL

n.

vegetables

sahabhagi

;xefuL

n.

partner, accomplice

sahabhagita

;xeflutf

n.

participation

sahalekhak

;xn]vs

n.

co-author

sahamat

;xdt

n./adv.

agreement, of one and the
same mind or opinion

sahamati

;xdlt

n.

agreement, concurrence,
content

sahan

;xg

n.

endurance, enduring,
bearing

sahanu

;xgÚ

v.t.

to forbear, to endure, to
brook, to sustain, to
withstand

sahara

;xf/f

n.

help, assistance, support

sahasrabdi

;x;|fAbL

n.

millennium

sahaya

;xfo

n.

help, assistance, support

sahayak

;xfos

n.

assistant, helper, colleague

sahayak nadi

;xfos gbL

n.

tributary (river)

sahayata

;xfotf

n.

help, assistance, support

sahayog

;xof]u

n.

cooperation

sahayog samiti

;xof]u ;ldlt

n.

cooperative society

111

sahayogi

;xof]uL

n.

colleague, supporter,
assistant, friend

sahinlo

;flx+nf]

n.

third eldest [of brothers]

sahitya

;flxTo

n.

literature

sahityakar

;flxTosf/

n.

writer, author

sahityashastra

;flxTozf:q

n.

poetics, rhetoric, literature

sahityik

;flxlTos

adj.

literary

sahu

;fxÚ

n.

merchant, trader, money-
lender, banker

sahu

;fx'

n.

shopkeeper, merchant,
trader, businessman,
moneylender

sahuni

;fxÚgL

n.

shopkeeper (female)

saiddhantik

;}$flGts

adj.

according top principle,
theoretical

sainik

;}lgs

adj.

military

sainik viman

;}lgs ljdfg

n.

military plane

saintis

;}+tL;

num.

thirty-seven, 37

saja

;hf

n.

punishment, confinement,
penalty

sajaya

;hfo

n.

punishment, confinement,
penalty

sajha

;f´f

n.

cooperative, joint enterprise

sajilo

;lhnf]

adj.

easy, simple

sakali

;snL

adj.

original, true, pure, good,
genuine

sakbhar

;se/

adv.

as much as possible

sakesamma cando

;s];Dd rf*f]

comp.

as fast as possible, as soon
as possible

saknu

;SgÚ

v.t.

to be able; to finish, to
complete

saksham

;Ifd

adj.

capable, competent

sakshar

;fIf/

adj.

literate

saksharta

;fIf/tf

n.

literacy

sal

;fn

n.

year [of vikram samvat]

salabalaunu

;nanfpgÚ

v.i.

to move restlessly

salah

;nx

n.

locust

salai

;nfO{

n.

matches

salaiko batta

;nfO{ a§f

n.

match-box

salakhala

;fnfvfnf

adj.

on the average

112

salana

;fnfgf

adj.

annually, every year, yearly

sali

;fnL

n.

wife's younger sister

salig

;flnu

n.

statue, effigy, idol, image

salik

;flns

n.

statue, effigy, idol, image

salinda

;flnGbf

adj.

annually, every year

sallaha

;Nnfx

n.

consultation, advice,
counsel, conference,
deliberation

sallahakar

;Nnfxsf/

advisor, consultant

salo

;fnf]

n.

wif's younger brother

samacar

;dfrf/

n.

news, information

samadhan

;dfwfg

n.

solving the problem,
cracking the nuts, removel
of doubts

samagra

;du|

adj.

whole, all, entire, complete

samaj

;dfh

n.

society

samaj shastra

;dfh zf:q

n.

sociology

samajik

;fdflhs

adj.

social

samajvad

;fdfHjfb

n.

socialism

samajvadi

;fdfHjfbL

n./adj.

socialist

samajvadi rajya

;fdfHjfbL /fHo

n.

socialist state

samaksha

;dIf

postp.

before, in front of,

samalocana

;dfnf]rgf

n.

review

saman

;fdfg

n.

things, materials,
apparatus, tools,
belongings, appliances

saman

;dfg

adj.

similar, equal, alike,
uniform, equivalent,
identical, tantamount

samanta

;dfgtf

n.

equality, equivalence,
parity, similarity, likeness

samanti

;fdGtL

adj.

feudal, feudatory

samanvaya

;dGjo

n.

combination, union,
uniformity, harmony,
natural succession

samanya

;fdfGo

adj.

ordinary, general, common,
usual, trivial, insignificant

samanya ling

;fdfGo lné

n.

double gender

samanya nam

;fdfGo gfd

n.

generic term

113

samapta

;dfKt

adj.

finished, completed,
accomplished

samarpan

;dk{)f

n.

offering, dedication,
surrender, deliverynce,
disposal, assignment

samartha

;dy{

adj.

mighty, powerful, strong,
able

samarthak

;dy{s

n./adj.

supporter, vindicator;
supporting

samarthan

;dy{g

n.

support, ratification,
corroboration

samarthata

;dy{tf

n.

capability, competence

samasta

;d:t

adj.

whole, entire, all

samasti

;dli^

n.

collectiveness, totality,
aggregate

samastigat

;dli^ut

adv.

collectively

samasya

;d:o

n.

problem, dilemma

samasyagrasta

;d:ofu|:t

adj.

problematic

samata

;dtf

n.

equalness, similarity,
evenness

samatal

;dtn

adj.

plain, level, smooth, even,
flat; moderate

samay

;do

n.

time, period, season,
opportunity, leisure,
occasion

sambal

;Dan

n.

support

sambandha

;DaGw

n.

relation, relationship,
connection, association,
affinity

sambandhi

;DaGwL

suff.

related with, pertaining to

sambandhi sarvanam ;DaGwL ;j{gfd

n.

relative pronoun

sambhavana

;Defjgf

n.

possibility, probability

sambhavatah

;DejtM

adv.

possible, in all probability

sambhranta

;De|fGt

adj.

perplexed, confused,
bewildered

sambodhan

;Daf]wg

n.

address, calling aloud;
vocative case

samcar

;Drf/

n.

news, information

samdhi

;DwL

n.

son's father-in-law,
daughter's father-in-law

samdhini

;lDwgL

n.

son's mother-in-law,
daughter's mother-in-law

samet

;d]t

postp.

with, together with,

114

including, included

saminya

;fdLGo

adj.

simple, common

samiti

;ldlt

n.

committee

samjhana

;D´gf

n.

remembrance,
reminiscence, memory

samma

;Dd

postp.

upto, as far as

sammat

;Ddt

adv.

unanimous, agreeing,
agreed to, approved,
sanctioned, permitted

sammati

;Ddlt

n.

opinion, consent, approval,
permission, acceptance,
assent

sammelan

;Dd]ng

n.

meating, conference

sammilit

;DdLlnt

adj.

with eyes shut, with eyes
closed, covered

sammyaunu

;DDofpgÚ

v.t.

to level, to make plain

sampadak

;Dkfbs

n.

editor

sampadakiya

;DkfbsLo

adj.

editorial

sampadakiya sahayak ;DkfbsLo ;xfos

n.

assistant editor

sampadakiya vibhag

;DkfbsLo ljefu

n.

editorial department

sampanna

;DkGg

adj.

rich, well-off, prosperous,
wealthy, well-to-do

samparka

;Dks{

n.

company, association,
union

sampradaya

;Dk|bfo

n.

sect, religious society,
mode, tradition, usage,
custom

sampurna

;Dk')f{

adj.

complete, whole, entire, all,
total, perfect, finished

samrat

;d|f^\

n.

emperor, sovereign, king of
the kings

samriddha

;d[$

adj.

important

samu

;fdÚ

postp.

before, in front of, opposite,
facing

samuccaya

;dÚRro

n.

assemblage, mass,
collection

samudaya

;dÚbfo

n.

collection, assemblage,
group

samudayavacak nam

;dÚfojfrs gfd

n.

collective noun, generic
term

samudayik

;fdÚbflos

adj.

collective, pertaining to
community

samudra

;dÚb|

n.

sea, ocean

115

samudra sataha

;dÚb| ;tx

–

n.

sea level

samuha

;d'x

n.

collection, assemblage,
group

samuhik

;d'lxs

adj.

collective

samunnati

;dÚGglt

n.

progress, development,
elevation, rise

samyatantra

;fDotGq

n.

communism

samyavad

;fDojfb

n.

communism

samyavadi

;fDojfbL

n./adj.

communist

san

;g

n.

jute

sana buva

;fgf aÚjf

n.

mother's younger sister's
husband

sancalan

;+rfng

n.

managing, directing

sancalan

;~rng

n.

movement

sancalit

;~rflnt

adj.

managed, conducted,
directed

sancar

;~rf/

n.

movement, motion

sancaran

;~r/)f

n.

movement, motion

sanco

;frf]

n./adj. 1. key; true, sincere, genuine,

real

sandarbha

;Gbe{

n.

treatise, a collection of
anthology, formation,
construction; context,
appendage, expansion

sandarbha-suci

;Gbe{;"rL

n.

bibliography

sandesh

;Gb]z

n.

information, news,
message; command; gift
present

sandhe

;f(]

n.

bull

sanga

;ª

postp.

with, along with

sangai lanu

;ª} nfgÚ

v.t.

to take along, to take away

sangasangai

;ª;ª}

adj.

together

sanggathan

;é&g

n.

organization, union, league

sanggathanatmak

;+u&gfTds

adj.

organizational

sanggathanik

;é&lgs

adj.

organizational

sanggharsa

;+#if{

n.

struggle, conflict, strife,
friction

sangh

;+#

n.

assembly, association,
multitude, monastery

sanghu

;f#Ú

n.

wooden bridge (of a log or
planks), small bridge

116

(usually made of bamboos
or planks of wood)

sangkalan

;°ng

n.

collection, compilation

sangkalpa

;°Nk

n.

solemn promise, resolve,
solution, determination

sangkat

;+s&

n.

distress, peril, caöamity,
agony

sangkat

;°^

n.

hint, symbol, gesture, sign

sangketik

;fª\s]lts

adj.

token, nominal, symbolic,
indicative

sanglo

;fª\nf]

n.

roach

sanguro

;fuÚ/f]

adj.

narrow

sangyojik

;+of]lhs

n.

conjunction

sangyukta rastra
sangh

;+oÚQm /fi^« ;+#

United Nations
Organization

sani ama

;fgL cfdf

n.

mother's younger sister

sanishcavar

;lgZrjf/

n.

Saturday

sanivar

;lgjf/

n.

Saturday

sanjha

;f´

adv.

in the evening

sanjha paryo

;f´ k¥oF]

it became evening

sankhyabodhak

;+Voaf]ws

adj.

numerical [grammar]

sankhyamatrabodhak ;+Vofdfqaf]ws

n.

cardinal number

sankramankal

;+qmd)fsfn

n.

transitional period

sano

;fgf]

adj.

small, little, inferior

sanp

;fk

n.

snake

sanracana

;+/rgf

n.

structure, composition,
anatomy

sanrakshak

;+/Ifs

n.

keeper, preserver, guardian

sanrakshan

;+/If)f

n.

guardianship, patronage,
protection, conservation,
tutelage

sansad

;+;b

n.

parliament

sansadiya

;;bLo

adj.

parliamentary

sansadiya vyavastha

;;bLo Joj:yf

n.

parliamentary affairs

sanshodhan

;+zf]wg

n.

correction, purification,
refinement, revision,
amendment

sanshodhit

;+zf]lwt

adj.

corrected, amended,
revised

sanskar

;+:sf/

n.

reformation, initiation,

117

purification

sanskaran

;+:s/)f

n.

correction, act of refining;
edition

sanskrit

;+:s[t

n.

Sanskrit

sanskriti

;+:s[lt

n.

culture, customs, tradition

sanskritik

;+:s[lts

adj.

cultural

sanskritmaya

;+:s[tdo

adj.

sanskritized, full of Sanskrit

sansmaran

;+:d/)f

n.

recollection, memory,
remembrance

sanstha

;+:yf

n.

institution, establishment

sansthagat

;+:yfut

adj.

institutional

sansthan

;+:yfg

n.

institution, establishment,
corporation

sansthapan

;+:yfkg

n.

establishment, founding,
initiation, inauguration,
foundation

santa

;Gt

n.

mendicant, ascetic, pious
person, devotee

santa-mahanta

;GtdxGt

n.

holy men

santan

;Gtfg

n.

family, extended family,
lineage, genealogy,
offsoring, children,
breeding

santanabbe

;GtfgAa]

num.

ninety-seven, 97

santan-nigraha

;Gtfglgu|x

n.

birth control, family
planning

santan-nirodh

;Gtfglg/f]w

n.

birth control, family
planning

santaunna

;GtfpGg

num.

fifty-seven, 57

santulan

;GtÚng

n.

equalization, making equal

sanu

;fgÚ

adj.

small, little, inferior

sanu

;fg'

adj.

small, little, inferior

sanvaidhanik

;+j]wflgs

adj.

constitutional

sanvarddhan

;+j${g

n.

rearing, breeding, fostering

sanvedanshil

;+j]bgzLn

adj.

sensitive, sensible, feeling

sanvidhan

;+ljwfg

n.

constitution

saph

;fkm

adj.

clear, fair, pure,
unadulterated, obvious,
bright

sapha

;kmf

adj.

clean, clear, pure,
transparent

118

saphal

;kmn

adj.

successful, effective, fruitful

saphalibhut

;kmnLe't

adj.

successful

saphalta

;kmntf

n.

success, achievement

sar

;f/

n.

substance, essence,
kernel, purport, chief part,
vigour, spirit

sara

;f/f

adj.

all, whole, entire, complete

saraha

;/x

adj.

similar, like, resembling, on
equal footing

saral

;/n

adj.

easy, simple, plain,
straightforward, upright,
sincere

saranggi

;f/éL

n.

Sarangi, a kind of violin

sarapnu

;/fKgÚ

v.t.

to curse

saripha

;l/kmf

n.

custard-apple

sarkar

;/sf/

n.

government, administration

sarkari

;/sf/L

adj.

governmental, public,
official, administrative

sarkari bhasa

;/sf/L efiff

n.

official language

sarnu

;fgÚ{

v.t.

to move, to remove, to
shift, to copy, to infect

sarnu

;gÚ{

v.i.

to move, to spread

sarp

;k{

n.

snake

sarva

;j{

adj.

all, entire, whole, complete

sarvahara

;j{xf/f

n.

proletariat

sarvajan

;j{hg

pron.

everybody

sarvajanik

;fj{hlgs

adj.

public

sarvanam

;j{gfd

n.

pronoun

sarvanamik

;fj{gflds

adj.

pronominal

sarvapracin

;j{k|frLg

adj.

oldest

sarvashrestha

;j{>]i&

adj.

best of all, preeminent,
highest, supreme,
paramount

sarvasva

;j{:j

n.

entire property, everything

sarvatomukhi

;j{tf]dÚlv

adj.

universal, all pervading

sarvekshan

;j]{If)f

n.

survey

sarvesarva

;j]{;jf{

adj.

all-in-all, supreme, chied of
all

sasana

;f;gf

n.

punishment, suppression

119

sashakta

;zQm

adj.

potential, powerful, strong,
forceful

sashastra

;z:q

adj.

armed, equipped with arms

sasto

;:tf]

adj.

cheap

sasu

;f;'

n.

mother-in-law

sasura

;;Ú/f

n.

father-in-law

sasuro

;;Ú/f]

n.

father-in-law

sat

;t\

n.

existence, essence,
substance, goodness

sat

;ft

num.

seven

sata

;ftf

n.

week, period of seven days

sataha

;tx

n.

surface, level

satahi

;^xL

n.

exchange of currency

satani

;^gL

n.

change, exhange,
interchange

satasi

;tf;L

num.

eighty-seven, 87

sataun

;ftf}+

adj.

seventh

satcalis

;TrfnL;

num.

forty-seven

sath

;fy

postp.

with, including

sathattar

;txQ/

num.

seventy-seven, 77

sathi

;fyL

n.

friend, companion

sathi

;f&L

num.

sixty, 60

sati

;tL

n.

Sati, virtuous wife, chaste
woman, faithful woman

satopuglo

;ftf]kÚUnf]

n.

spirit, presence of mind

satra

;q

num.

seventeen, 17

satsatthi

;T;^\&L

num.

sixty-seven, 67

satta

;§f

n.

change, exhange,
interchange

satta

;§f

n.

speculation

sattais

;QfO{;

num.

twenty-seven, 27

sattari

;Q/L

num.

seventy, 70

sattarudh

;Qf?(

adj.

ruling, wielding power

satu

;ftÚ

n.

flour of dryfried corn

satya

;To

adj.

true, real, right, veritable,
correct, honest

saun

;fpg

n.

fourth month of the Nepali
year [July-August]

120

saundarya

;f}Gbo{

beauty, charm, pretiness

saunvar

;fpñjf/

n.

Monday

saurya

;f}o{

adj.

solar

sauta

;f}tf

n.

co-wife

sava

;jf

adj.

a quarter past

saval

;jfn

n.

question, plumb, a laden
weight on a line

saya

;o

num.

hundred, 100

sekaunu

;]sfpgÚ

v.t.

to roast, to warm up

sekuva

;]sÚjf

n.

roasted meat

selaunu

;]nfpgÚ

v.t.

to cool

selroti

;]n/f]^L

n.

Nepalese doughnut made
of rice flour

sepilo

;]lknf]

adj.

shaded, dark

seto

;]tf]

adj.

white

seva

;]jf

n.

service, attendance,
worship

sevan

;]jg

n.

service, attendance,
worship

shabda

zAb

n.

word

shabdakos

zAbsf]if

n.

dictionary

shahar

zx/

n.

town

shaharikaran

zx/Ls/)f

n.

urbanization

shahi

zfxL

adj.

royal

shahid

zfxLb

n.

martyr

shakta

zQm

adj.

able, capable, strong,
vigorous, energetic, hard,
firm

shakti

zlQm

n.

strength, power, prowess,
capability, calibre, vigour,
energy

shaktihina

zlQmxLg

adj.

powerless, impotent,
enervated

shaktiman

zlQmdfg

adj.

powerful, capable, mighty,
vigorous

shaktiparikshan

zlQmk/LIf)f

n.

trial of strength

shaktishali

zlQmzfnL

adj.

powerful, strong

shamel

zfd]n

adj.

assembled, gathered
together, united together

shamil

zfldn

adj.

assembled, gathered

121

together, united together

shangka

z°f

n.

doubt, suspicion,
apprehension

shankalu

z+sfnÚ

adj.

suspicious, questionable,
prone to suspicion, vague

shankaradeva

z+s/b]j

n.

Shankaradeva [a Licchavi
king, grandfather of
Manadeva I]

shanta

zfGt

adj.

calm, quiet, mild, serene,
pacific, grave, silent

sharad

z/b

n.

early autumn

sharan

z/)f

n.

protection, shelter

sharanarthi

z/)ffyL{

n.

refugee, shelter-seeker

sharat

z/t

n.

early autumn

sharir

z/L/

n.

body

shasak

zf;s

n.

administrator, ruler,
governor

shasakiya

zf;sLo

adj.

governmental,
administrative, public

shasan

zf;g

n.

command, authority,
governance, reign

shasan parivartan

zf;g kl/jt{g

n.

coup, putsch

shasana

zf;gf

n.

punishment, suppression

shasankal

zf;gsfn

n.

term of office, reign

shasankarta

zf;gstf{

n.

administrator, ruler,
governor

shasanpaddhati

zf;gk$lt

n.

polity, system of
government

shasan-pranali

zf;gk|)ffnL

n.

government, constitution

shasantantra

zf;gktGq

n.

government, constituion

shasit

zfl;t

adj.

ruled, administered,
governed; punished

shastra

z:q

n.

weapon, arms, tool,
instrument

shatabda

ztfAb

n.

century

shatabdi

ztfAbL

n.

century

shatak

zts

adj.

hundred, 100

shatru

zqÚ

n.

enemy

shatruta

zqÚtf

n.

enmity, hostility

shaucalaya

zf}rfno

n.

rest room, toilet

shav

zj

n.

corpse

122

shayad

zfob

adv.

perhaps, maybe

sherpa

z]kf{

n.

Sherpa [a Nepali
nationality]

shikariko svarg

lzsf/Lsf] :ju{

n.

hunting paradise

shiksha

lzIff

n.

education

shikshak

lzIfs

n.

teacher

shikshan

lzIf)f

n.

teaching, instruction,
education

shir

lz/

n.

head, crest, noddle,
summit, top of anything

Shista

lzi^

adj.

gentle, polite, mannerly,
civil, wellbred, refined,
trained

shisya

lzio

n.

student, pupil, disciple

shithilta

lzlyntf

n.

feebleness, weakness,
looseness, laxity

shlok

Zn]]s

n.

verse, stanza, poetry,
couplet

shobha

zf]ef

n.

beauty, handsomeness,
magnificence, elegance,
lustre, replendence

shos

zf]if

n.

suction, drying up,
withering, dryness,
absorption, sucking

shosak

zf]ifs

adj.

absorbent, withering

shosan

zf]if)f

n.

suction, drying up,
withering, dryness,
absorption, sucking,
exploitation

shosit

zf]lift

adj.

exploited

shram

>d

n.

hard labour, toil, exertion

shravan

>fj)f

n.

fourth month of the Nepali
year [July-August]

shri

>L

n.

Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss

shrilangka

>Lnéf

n.

Sri Lanka

shriman

>Ldfg

n.

husband

shrimati

>LdtL

n.

wife

shuddha

zÚ$

adj.

pure, genuine, chaste,
uncontaminated, clear,
uncorrupted, unadulterated

shukavar

zÚsjf/

n.

Friday

shukla paksha

zÚSn kIf

comp.

the moonlit half of a lunar
month

123

shukravar

zÚqmjf/

n.

Friday

shunya

z'Go

n./adj.

empty, nill, zero

shur

z'/

adj.

hero, warrior, champion

shuru

zÚ¿

n.

start, beginning

shuru garnu

zÚ¿ ugÚ{

to start, to begin

shyarpa

Zofkf{

n.

Sherpa [a Nepali
nationality]

siddhanta

l;$fGt

n.

doctrine, tenet, established
truth

siddhi

l;l$

n.

perfection,
accomplishment, maturity,
fulfilment, victory

siddhyaunu

l;$ØfpgÚ

v.t.

to finish, to complete, to kill

sikkim

l;lSsd

n.

Sikkim

siknu

l;SgÚ

v.t.

to learn

silbar

l;Na/

n.

aluminium

siling

l;lnª

n.

ceiling

sima

;Ldf

n.

boundary, border, limit,
landmark

simana

l;dfgf

n.

boundary, border, limit,
landmark

simi

l;dL

n.

bean

simit

;Lldt

adj.

limited, restricted

sinbi

l;+aL

n.

bean

sincai

l;+rfO

n.

watering, irrigation

sincit

l;l~rt

adj.

irrigated, drenched

sindur

l;+b'/

n.

vermilion, lead powder

sindure

l;+b'/]

adj.

scarlet, vermilion-coloured

singgapur

l;+ufkÚ/

Singapur

sinha

l;+x

n.

lion

sinhasan

l;+xf;g

n.

throne, lion's seat

sinki

l;GsL

n.

soured raddish, fermented
raddish

sip

;Lk

n.

handicraft, handiwork, art,
craft, arts and crafts, skill

sipahi

l;kfxL

n.

soldier

sipalu

l;kfnÚ

adj.

skilful, experienced, clever,
skilled

sipharish

l;kmfl/z

n.

recommendation, letter of

124

support; intercession

sirak

l;/s

n.

quilt

sirani

l;/fgL

n.

pillow

sirjana

l;h{gf

n.

creation, formation,
construction

sisa

;L;f

n.

lead

sita

l;t

postp.

with, along with

siune kal

l;pg] sn

n.

sewing machine

siunu

l;pgÚ

v.i.

to sew, to stitch

siyo

l;of]

n.

needle

skulma padhnu

:s'ndf k(\gÚ

comp.

to go to school

smaran-patra

:d/)f kq

–

n.

reminder, memorandum

smarika

:dfl/sf

n.

monument, memorial;
commemorative volume

smriti

:d[lt

n.

memory, remembrance,
memento

smriti-patra

:d[lt kq

–

n.

reminder, memorandum

snan

:gfg

n.

bath

snankotha

:gfgsf]&f

n.

bathroom

so

;f

adj.

that, that one, he, she

sobhita

;f]letf

n.

cobalt

socnu

;f]RgÚ

v.t.

to think, to ponder, to
consider

sodhakhoj

;f]wvf]h

n.

research program,
research project

sohra

;f]x|

num.

sixteen, 16

sojho

;f]´f]

adj.

straigt, straigtforward,
honest

somvar

;f]djf/

n.

Monday

sopan

;f]kfg

n.

steps, ladder, staircase

spast

:ki^

adj.

distinct, clear, intelligible,
lucid, apparent, evident

sresta

;|:tf

n.

book-keeping, account,
register book

srot

;|f]t

n.

current, stream, channel,
water course, source of
income

srot ra sadhan

>f]t / ;fwg

n.

resources

stambha

:tDe

n.

column

stan

:tg

n.

breast

125

stava

:tj

n.

praise, admiration; prayer,
hymn

steshan

:^]zg

n.

station

sthagit

:ylut

adj.

postpones, adjourned

sthan

:yfg

n.

place, spot, site, position,
house

sthaniya

:yfgLo

adj.

local, territorial, regional,
topical

sthapan

:yfkg

n.

establishment, foundation,
setting up, creation,
planting, placing

sthapana

:yfkgf

n.

establishment, foundation,
setting up, creation,
planting, placing

sthapit

:yflkt

adj.

propounded, founded,
established, instituted, set
up, fixed, placed, erected,
installed

sthayi

:yfoL

adj.

pßermanent, stationary,
fast, durable, lasting,
stable, steady

sthayitva

:yfloTj

n.

permanence, durability,
sustainment

sthira

l:y/

adj.

stable, firm, fixed,
permanent, constant,
steadfast, immovable,
determined, patient

sthirata

l:y/tf

n.

immobility, steadiness,
stability, constancy,
immutability, patience

sthiratva

l:y/Tjf

n.

immobility, steadiness,
stability, constancy,
immutability, patience

sthiti

l:ylt

n.

place, position,
circumstance, condition,
phase, equilibrium

striling

:qLlné

n.

female [grammar]

stuti

:t"lt

n.

praise, glorification, eulogy,
admiration; hymn of praise,
invocation, solemn prayer

subista

;Úla:tf

n.

easiness, comfort

subistako

;Úla:tfsf]

adj.

comfortable, easy

sucana

;'rgf

n.

notice, notification,
information, advertisement,
indication, hint

sucanapatra

;'rgfkq

n.

advertisement, notice

126

suci

;'lr

n.

needle, a pointed piece of
iron, goad, prong

suci

;'rL

n.

liste, table, index,
catalogue

sudhar

;Úwf/

n.

improvement, reform,
reformation, correction,
amendment, renovationr

sudharak

;Úwf/s

n.

reformer, improver,
disciplinarian

sudharnu

;ÚwfgÚ{

v.t.

to correct, to reform, to
amend, to make better

sudridha

;Úb[(

adv.

very strong, very firm, very
rigid

suga

;'uf

n.

parrot

sujhau

;'´fp

n.

suggestion, advice, counsel

sujhav

;'´fj

n.

suggestion, advice, counsel

sukhi

;"vL

adj.

happy, pleased, delighted

sukhiya

;"lvof

adj.

pleasure loving, pleasant,
happy

sukti

;"lQm

n.

good saying, beautiful
sentence

sukul

;ÚsÚn

n.

a kind of straw mat, a
person of high or
respectable family

sukumvasi

;ÚsÚdjf;L

n./adj.

a homeless person,
homeless

sukuti

;ÚsÚ^L

n.

dried meat, jerk

sun

;Úg

n.

gold

sunaulo

;Úgf}nf]

adj.

golden

sunaunu

;ÚgfpgÚ

v.t.

to make others hear, to tell

sundar

;ÚGb/

adj.

beautiful, nice, pretty,
charming

sundha

;Ú(

n.

trunk (of an elephant) snout

sungur

;ÚuÚ/

n.

pig, hog

suntala

;ÚGtnf

n.

tangerine

suntale

;ÚGtn]

adj.

orange-coloured

sunuvar

;ÚgÚjf/

n.

Sunuwar [a Nepali
nationality]

supari

;Úkf/L

n.

areca nut, betel nut

suraksha

;Ú/Iff

protection, security

surakshit

;Ú/lIft

adj.

well protected, in safety

127

surti

;ÚtL{

n.

tobacco

suruva

;Ú?jf

n.

meat broth, meat soup

surya

;'o{

n.

sun

susajjit

;Ú;lHht

adj.

well adorned, well prepared

susangat

;Ú;+ut

well associated, well
accompanied; reasonable

susangata

;Ú;+utf

n.

good association, good
companionship

susangati

;Ú;+ult

n.

good companionship

suselnu

;Ú;]NgÚ

v.t.

to whistle

suselo

;Ú;]nf]

n.

whistling, sighing; whistling
sound made by the wind,
sound produced by water
while flowing

sushasan

;Úzf;g

n.

good government, good
rule, good administration

sushri

;Ú>L

n.

Miss

susta

;Ú:t

adj.

lazy, slow, idle, tardy,
inactive

sutne kotha

;ÚTg] sf]&f

n.

bed room

sutnu

;ÚTgÚ

v.i.

to sleep, to go to sleep, to
go to bed, to lie down

sutrapat

;'qkft

n.

beginning, commencement

suvidha

;Úljwf

n.

facility, convenience

suvista

;Úlj:tf

n.

easiness, comfort

svabhav

:jefj

n.

habit, nature, temperament,
character

svabhavatah

:jefjtM

adv.

naturally, by nature

svabhavik

:jefljs

adj.

natural, by nature

svaccha

:jR%

adj.

clean, clear, pure,
transparent

svad

:jfb

n.

taste

svadhin

:jfwLg

adj.

independent, free, self-
governing, autonomous

svadhinata

:jfwLgtf

n.

independence, freedom,
autonomy

svami

:jfdL

n.

master, owner, lord,
proprietor, husband

svar

:j/

n.

voice, sound, tune, tone,
vowel

svarg

:ju{

n.

heaven, paradise, sky,
heavens; a beautiful place,

128

a pleasant site

svargavas

:ju{jf;

n.

death, passing away

svarup

:j¿k

n.

shape, form, apperarance

svasni

:jf:gL

n.

wife [common]

svasnimanche

:jf:gLdfG%]

n.

woman

svasth

:j:y

adj.

healthy

svasthya

:jf:Yo

n.

health

svatah

:jtM

adj.

voluntarily, spontaneous, of
one's own accord

svatantra

:jtGq

adj.

free

svatantrata

:jtGqtf

n.

freedom, independence

svatantrata divas

:jtGqtf lbj;

n.

independence day

svayam

:jod

adv.

personally, self

svayambhunath

:jfoDe'gfy

n.

Swayambhunath

svayamev

:jod]j

adv.

personally, self

svayamsevak

:jod;]js

n.

volunteer

svayang

:jo+

adj.

personally, self

svayatta

:jfoQ

adj.

autonomous, under one's
control

svayatta shasan

:jfoQ zf;g

n.

autonomy, self-government

svayattashasi

:jfoQzf;L

adj.

autonomous

svayattata

:jfoQtf

n.

autonomy

svikar

:jLsf/

n.

acceptance, confession,
assent, agreement

svikrit

:jLs[t

adj.

accepted, agreed,
consented, conferred

svikriti

:jLs[lt

n.

acceptance, sanction,
approbation,
acknowledgement, consent

syal

:ofn

n.

jackal

syau

:ofp

n.

apple

tadha

^f(f

adj.

far (away)

tadkanu

t*\sgÚ

v.i.

to walk speedily, to shout,
to cry

tadkinu

t*\lsgÚ

v.i.

to walk speedily, to shout,
to cry

tai

tfO{

n.

flat iron pan

taipani

t}klg

conj.

though, notwithstanding

taja

tfhf

adj.

fresh, not stale; green,

129

unfaded; recent

tak

tfs

n.

time, hour, opportunity,
chance

tak

^s

n.

reflection, light; gazing,
staring; looking at the
things with closing the eyes

takaliph

tsnLkm

n.

trouble, pain, affliction

takiya

tlsof

n.

pillow

takuro

^fsÚ/f]

n.

summit, top, peak, apex

tal

tfn

n.

lake

tala

tfnf

n.

lock

tala

tn

postp.

down, below

tala

tnf

n.

floor

talak

tns

postp.

upto, as long as

talca

tfNrf

n.

lock

talika

tflnsf

n.

list, key, table, schedule

talim

tfnLd

n.

training, teaching

talkanu

^NsgÚ

v.i.

to shine, to glitter, to
sparkle

talkinu

^lNsgÚ

v.i.

to shine, to glitter, to
sparkle

talmel

tfnd]n

n.

co-ordination,
concordance, harmony,
agreement

talu

tfnÚ

n.

palate

tama

tfdf

n.

copper

tamakhu

tdfvÚ

n.

tobacco

tamang

tfdfª

n.

Tamang [a Nepali
nationality]

tamsanu

tD;gÚ

v.i.

to be forward, to be active

tamu

tdÚ

n.

Tamu, Gurung [a Nepali
nationality]

tanahun

tgxÚ

n.

Tanahun [former mini-state;
today district in western
Nepal]

tanav

tgfj

n.

tension, tenseness, strain,
tautness

tanba

tfaf

n.

copper

tanda

tGbf

n.

bed-sheet

tannu

tfGgÚ

v.t.

to draw, to pull, to drag

130

tansnu

^f:gÚ

v.t.

to stick, to fasten, to join

tap

tk

n.

penance, practice, heat,
warmth

tap

tfk

n.

heat, warmth; mental
sorrow, anxiety, regret

tapani

tfklg

conj.

although, nevertheless

tapari

^k/L

n.

a plate made of leaves,
leaf-plate

tapke

tfKs]

n.

frying pan

tar

t/

n.

cream

tara

tf/f

n.

star

tara

t/

conj.

but

taranga

t/é

n.

wave, whim, caprice;
emotion, vibration

taraph

t/km

n.

direction, side

taraph

t/km

conj.

towards

tarbuja

taÚ{hf

n.

watermelon

tari khet

^f/L v]t

n.

terraced field

tarika

t/Lsf

n.

method, manner, way,
means

tarikh

tf/Lv

n.

date [according to the
western calendar]

tariko sag

tf/Lsf] ;fu

n.

mustard greens [small]

tark

ts{

n.

debate, discussion,
argument

tarkari

tsf{gL

n.

vegetable curry

tarnu

tfgÚ{

v.t.

to deep fry

tarph

tkm{

conj.

towards

tarph

tkm{

n.

direction, side

tarphbata

tkm{af&

postp.

on the part of, from

tarul

t?n

n.

yam

tarun

t?)f

n.

young man, youth, juvenile

taruno

t?gf]

n.

young man, youth, juvenile

tasartha

t;y{

int.

on account of that, from
that reason, therefore

taskar

t:s/

n.

smuggler

taskari

t:s/L

n.

smuggling

tat

t^

n.

shore, bank, beach, coast

tatastha

t^:y

adj.

neutral, objective,

131

indifferent

tataunu

ttfpgÚ

v.t.

to heat, to warm up

tatha

tyf

conj.

and

tathya

tYo

n.

truth, reality, substance

tato

^f^f]

n.

mark, spot, scar, stain

tato

tftf]

adj.

warm, hot

tato pani

tftf] kfgL

n.

hot water, warm water

tattva

tQj

n.

truth; true state, essence,
substance, the real factor
of bringing things into
existence

tau

tfp

n.

sheet of paper

tauko

^fpsf]

n.

head

taulanu

tf}ngÚ

v.t.

to weigh, to compare

tauliya

tf}lnof

n.

towel

tavar

tj/

n.

manner, way, mode,
method

tayar

tof/

adv.

ready

tayar garnu

tof/ ugÚ{

v.t.

to make ready

tayar hunu

tof/ xÚgÚ

v.i.

to be ready, to make ready

tayarima

tof/L

n.

readiness, preparation

tebbar

t]Aa/

adj.

thrice, threefold, three
times, triplicate

tehra

t]x|

num.

thirteen, 13

teis

t]O{;

num.

twenty-three, 23

tekne lauro

^]Sg] nf}/f]

n.

staff, walking stick

telbij

t]naLh

n.

oilseed

telhan

t]nxg

n.

oilseed

tenis

^]lg;

n.

tennis

ternu

^]gÚ{

v.t.

to obey, to respect; to pay
attention

tesro

t];|f]

adj.

third

tesro dhrava

t];|f] w|j

n.

third pole

tettis

t]QL;

num.

thirty-three, 33

thag

&u

n.

cheat, knave, swindler

thagaha

&ufxf

n.

cheat, knave, swindler

thagnu

&UgÚ

v.i.

to cheat, to deceive

thaha

yfxf

n.

knowledge, information

132

thakai

ysfO

n.

fatigue, weariness,
exhaustion

thakali

ysfnL

n.

Thakali [a Nepali
nationality]

thaknu

yfSgÚ

v.i.

to get tired, to become
tired, to be exhausted

thal

yfn

n.

plate

thali

yfnL

n.

small plate

thalni

yfNgL

n.

beginning, commencement

thalnu

yfNgÚ

v.t.

to begin, to start, to
commence

thalo

ynf]

n.

place, land; levelled high
place, table land

thamaunu

&dfpgÚ

v.t.

to recognize, to know

thami

yfdL

n.

Thami [a Nepali nationality]

thamyaunu

&DofpgÚ

v.t.

to recognise, to know

thana

yfgf

n.

police station. police post

thana

&fgf

n.

police station. police post

thanda

&G*f

adj.

cold, chilly

thanda marubhumi

&)*f d?e"ld

n.

tundra

thannu

&fGgÚ

v.t.

to think, to determine

thapnu

yfKgÚ

v.t.

to establish, to erect, to
place

thar

y/

n.

clan, tribe, subcaste

tharkaunu

ysf{pgÚ

v.t.

to frighten, to shake

tharu

yf?

n.

Tharu [a Nepali nationality]

thati

yfgL

n.

pawn, stake, postponement

thaun

&fpñ

n.

place, spot, opportunity

thegnu

y]UgÚ

v.i.

to last, to persist, to endure

theknu

&]SgÚ

v.t.

to fix, to sum up, to appoint,
to post

thicnu

lyRgÚ

v.t.

to press, to crush, to
squeeze

thik

&Ls

adj.

right, correct

thiti

l&^L

n.

lass, girl, young women

thiti

lylt

n.

arrangement, order,
custom, regulation, usage

thiti-riti

lyltl/lt

n.

arrangement, order,
custom, regulation, usage

133

thito

l&^f]

n.

lad, boy, young man

thople

yf]Kn]

adj.

spotted

thopo

yf]kf]

n.

drop, speck

thor

yf]/

adj.

less

thorai

yf]/}

adj.

a little, few

thuli ama

&'nL cfdf

n.

father's elder brother's wife,
mother's elder sister

thulo

&'nf]

adj.

big

thulo ba

&'nf] af

n.

father's elder brother,
mother's elder sister's
husband

thulo buva

&'nf] aÚjf

n.

father's elder brother,
mother's elder sister's
husband

thunse

yÚG;]

n.

a large close-meshed
basket

thunuva

yÚgÚjf

adj.

imprisoned, arrested

thuprai aunu

yÚk|} cfpgÚ

v.i.

to pour in, to swarm in

thupro

yÚk|f]

n.

heap, mound, pile, crowd

ti

tL

pron.

those

tibbat

ltAat

n.

Tibet

tighra

lt#|f

n.

thigh

tihun

ltxÚg

n.

vegetable stew

tikho

tLvf]

adj.

sharp, pointed

tiknu

l^SgÚ

v.i.

to last, to remain, to endure

til

tLn

n.

sesame

tin

l^g

n.

tin

tin

tLg

num.

three, 3

tinma

ltgdf

under it, under them, under
there

tinma adhi bhanda
kehi badhi

ltgdf cf#L eGbf s]xL
a(L

a little bit more than half of
them

tippani

l^Kk)fL

n.

note, annotation, comment,
commentary, observation,
critical remark

tippanikar

l^Kk)fLsf/

n.

commentator

tira

lt/

postp.

towards, in direction to

tirnu

ltgÚ{

v.t.

tp pay

tirsana

lt;{gf

n.

desire for drink and food,

134

thirst; desire, wish,
ambition

tis

tL;

num.

thirty, 30

tithi

ltly

n.

date [according to the
astrological calendar]

titri

ltqL

n.

a sour fruit [relished for
pickle], tamarind

toknu

tf]SgÚ

v.t.

to fix, to determine, to
appoint, to decide

toli

^f]nL

n.

small group, btch, party,
team

topalnu

^f]kNgÚ

v.t.

to pretend, to make a
pretext

tori

tf]/L

n.

mustard

torika phul dekhnu

tf]/Lsf kmn b]VgÚ

to be astonished

tran

qf)f

n.

protection, defence, safety

tribhuj

lqeÚh

n.

triangle

tricalis

lqrfnL;

num.

forty-three, 43

trihattar

lqxQ/

num.

seventy-three, 73

tripanna

lqkGg

num.

fifty-three, 53

trisatthi

lq;^\&L

num.

sixty-three, 63

tritiya purus

t[tLo kÚ?if

n.

third person [ling.]

tritiyapurusvacak

t[tLo kÚ?ifjfrs

n.

third person [grammar]

triyakalap

lqofsnfk

n.

function, task

triyanabbe

lqofgAa]

num.

ninety-three, 93

triyasi

lqof;L

num.

eighty-three, 83

tukra

^Úqmf

n.

a small piece,

tukrinu

^ÚlqmgÚ

v.i.

to be divided to pieces

tulana

tÚngf

n.

comparison, similarity

tunginu

^Ú+lugÚ

v.i.

to come to an end, to be
finished, to be completed

tupi

^ÚkL

n.

pig-tail

turunta

tÚ?Gt

adj.

immediate

tyag

Tofu

n.

desertion, abandonment

tyahan

Toxf

adv.

there

tyas tak

To; tfs

adv.

at that time

tyasai

To;}

adv.

in that way, without any
reason; free, vain

tyasaile

To;}n]

conj.

therefore, so

135

tyaso hunale

To;f] xÚgfn]

conj.

so, thus

tyasprati

To;k|lt

adv.

in this connection,
concerning this

tyasto

To:tf]

pron.

such, that kind of, like that

tyatiko

Toltsf]

adj.

that much, that big

ubhayaling

peoln¨

n.

double gender

ubhinu

plegÚ

v.i.

to stand up, to stand, to get
up

ubhyaunu

pEofpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to stand, to raise
up

ubjani

pAhgL

n.

production, productivity

ubjanu

pAhgÚ

v.i.

to grow, to grow up, to be
produced

ubjaunu

pAhfpgÚ

v.t.

to produce, to cause to
grow

ubranu

pa|gÚ

v.i.

to be left over

ucalnu

prfNgÚ

v.t.

to lift up

ucca

pRr

adj.

high, lofty, upper, superior

ucca parvatiya

pRr kj{tLo

adj.

alpine

udaharan

pbfx/)f

n.

instance, example,
illustration

udaharaniya

pbfx/)fLo

adj.

exemplary

udan

p*fg

n.

flight, act of flying or fleeing

udar

pbf/

adj.

high minded, munificent,
generous, open-hearted,
noble-minded

udarashaya

pbf/fzo

adj.

generous, high-minded,
magnanimous

udarta

pbf/tf

n.

generosity, liberality,
magnanimity, nobleness

udarvad

pbf/jfb

n.

liberalism

udarvadi

pbf/jfbL

n.

liberal, liberalist

udas

pbf;

adj.

sad

udasi

pbf;L

adj.

sad

udaunu

p*fpgÚ

v.t.

to cause to fly; to waste, to
squander, to gobble

udaunu

pbfpgÚ

v.i.

to rise (sun or moon)

udaya

pbo

n.

rising, ascent, dawning

uddesh

p@]z

n.

desire, wish, intention,
purpose

uddeshya

p@]Zo

n.

aim, objective

136

uddhar

p$f/

n.

kindness, charity

udgar

pb\uf/

n.

exclamation, emotional
statement

udharnu

pwfg{

v.t.

to rip up

udhinnu

plwÌGgÚ

v.t.

to dig up, to pick out, to find
out, to search, to select

udnu

p*\gÚ

v.i.

to fly

udus

p*Ú;

n.

bedbug

udyamashil

pBdzLn

adj.

industrial

udyat

pBt

adj.

ready, prepared, raised,
brought up

udyog

pBf]u

n.

industry, enterprise, effort,
diligence

udyogi

pBf]uL

adj.

industrious

ugharnu

p#fgÚ{

v.t.

to open, to unlock

ughranu

p#|gÚ

v.i.

to be opened

ugra

pu|

adj.

wrathful, angry, fierce

uhan

pxf

pron.

he, she [very polite]

uhile

plxn]

adv.

then, at that time, many
years ago, long ago

ujad

phf*

adj.

deserted, isolated

ujyalo

pHofnf]

adj.

light

ukali

psfnL

n.

upward gradient

ukalnu

psfNgÚ

v.t.

to lift

ukalo

psfnf]

n./adj.

steepness, upward
gradient; steep

ukasnu

psf:gÚ

v.t.

ro raise, to rouse

ukelnu

ps]NgÚ

v.t.

to vomit, to spew out

ukhan

pvfg

n.

proverb, saying, aphorism

ukhelnu

pv]NgÚ

v.t.

to uproot, to remove

ukhu

pvÚ

n.

sugar cane

ukkaunu

pSsfpgÚ

v.t.

to break open, to initiate

ukkinu

plSsgÚ

v.i.

to be selected, to be picked
out

uklanu

pSngÚ

v.t.

to climb up, to ascend

ukta

pQm

adj.

mentioned, said

ukti

plQm

n.

statement, remark, a
saying

137

ukusmukusaunu

psÚ;dÚsÚ;fpgÚ

v.t.

to stifle, to cause
claustrophobia

ullangghan

pNn+#g

n.

violation, contravention

ullas

pNnf;

n.

joy, delight

ullekh

pNn]v

n.

mention, reference,
description

ullekhniya

pNn]vgLo

adj.

remarkable, worthy of
being mentioned

ullikhit

pNn]lvt

adj.

written, mentioned

ulto

pN^f]

adj.

opposite, upside-down

umalnu

pdfNgÚ

v.t.

to cause to boil

umarnu

pdfgÚ{

v.t.

to cause to sprout

umedvar

pd]bjf/

n.

candidate

umer

pd]/

n.

age, length of life

umkanu

pDsgÚ

v.i.

to escape, to get free, to
slip out

umlanu

pDngÚ

v.i.

to boil, to bubble up, to
simmer

ummedvar

pDd]bjf/

n.

candidate

umranu

pd|gÚ

v.i.

to sprout, to spring up, to
grow up

un

pmg

n.

wool

unancas

pgGrf;

num.

forty-nine, 49

unannabbe

pgfGgAa]

num.

eighty-nine

unansattari

pgfG;Q/L

num.

sixty-nine, 69

unansaya

pgfG;o

num.

ninety-nine, 99

unasi

pgf;L

num.

seventy-nine, 79

unca

pmrf

adj.

high, lofty

uncai

pmrfO

n.

height, tallness, summit

uncalis

pGrfnL;

num.

thirty-nine, 39

unco

pmrf]

adj.

high

unco

prf]

adj.

high

uni kammal

pmgL sDdn

n.

wollen blanket

unmulan

pGd'ng

n.

uprooting, destruction,
eradication

unnais

pGgfO{;

num.

nineteen, 19

unnat

pGgt

adj.

risen, progressed,
improved

unnati

pGglt

n.

progress, rise,

138

advancement,
improvement, prosperity,
elevation

unnatishil

pGgltzLn

adj.

progressive

unnayak

pGgfos

n.

uplifter, reformer, leader

unnayan

pGgog

n.

uplift, development

unnu

pÌGgÚ

v.t.

to wreath, to thread, to
string, to pass a thread
through a needle

unsathi

pG;f&L

num.

fifty-nine, 59

unta

pm^

n.

camel

untis

pGtL;

num.

twenty-nine, 29

upabhog

pkef]u

n.

enjoyment

upabhokta

pkef]Qm

n.

consumer, user

upacar

pkrf/

n.

remedy, medical treatment,
care

upadesh

pkb]z

n.

instruction, counsel, lesson

upadhi

pkflw

n.

title, attribute, designation,
status

upahar

pkxf/

n.

present, gift

upaj

pkh

n.

crop, produce, product

upakhyan

pkfVofg

n.

legend, tale, episode (of a
narration); proverb, sying

upakram

pkqmd

n.

plan, programme,
preparations, beginning,
preamble, preface

upalabdha

pknAw

adj.

gained, felt, acquired,
attained, available

upalabdhi

pknAwL

n.

achievement,
accomplishment

upalakshya

pknIo

n.

sign, implication, ourpose,
occasion

upama

pkdf

n.

comparison, simile,
likeness

upanisad

pklgifb\

n.

Upanishads (the
theological part of the
vedas)

upanisadvadi

pklgifb\jfnL

n.

(someone who is following
the teachings of the
Upanishads)

upansanhar

pk;+xf/

n.

conclusion, summary

upanyas

pkGof;

n.

novel

139

upar

pk/

postp.

above, over, for

uparastrapati

pk/fi^«klt

n.

vice-president

uparna

pkgf{

n.

scarf, shawl

upasabhapati

pk;efklt

n.

vice-chairman [of a
meeting, organization or
party]

upasthiti

pkl:ylt

n.

presence, attendance

upatya

pkTo

n.

valley

upa-usnakatibandhi

pk pi)fsl^aGwL

–

adj.

subtropical

upayog

pkof]u

n.

use, utilization, application

upayogita

pkof]lutf

n.

usefulness, utility

upayukta

pkoÚQm

adj.

proper, suitable,
appropriate

upeksha

pk]Iff

n.

slight, indignity, neglect,
disregard, contempt, scorn

upekshit

pk]lIft

adj.

neglected, ignored,
discarded, disregarded

uphranu

pk|mgÚ

v.i.

to jump, to leap

upiyan

plkofñ

n.

flea

uralnu

p/fNgÚ

v.t.

to instigate, to incite

urlanu

pn{gÚ

v.i.

to surge up, to rise up, to
come in waves; to become
angry

usa

piff

n.

dawn, daybreak

usinnu

pl;ÌGgÚ

v.t.

to boil while cooking

uso

p;f]

adj.

like that, such

uta

ptf

adv.

there, thither

utarnu

ptfgÚ{

v.t.

to cause to get off, to cause
to descend, to help to
descend, to take off
(clothes)

uthal-puthal

pyn kÚyn

–

n.

overturning, change

uthaunu

p&fpgÚ

v.t.

to wake up, to rouse, to
cause to rise

uthnu

p&\gÚ

v.i.

to get up, to stand up, to
stand

uti

plt

adv.

that much

utnikher

plTgv]/

adv.

meanwhile, at that time

utpadan

pTkfbg

n.

production

utpatti

pTklQ

n.

origin, production

140

utpidak

pTkL*s

n.

oppressor

utpidit

pTkLl*t

n.

oppression, persecution,
harassment

utpidit varga

pTkLl*t ju{

n.

oppressed class

utranu

pqgÚ

v.i.

to get off, to descend, to
float, to rise out of, to rise
above

utrinu

plqgÚ

v.i.

to get off, to come down, to
descend

utsaha

pT;fx

n.

enthusiasm, excitement

utsav

pT;j

n.

entertainment, festival,
celebration, festivity

utsukta

pT;Ústf

n.

enthusiasm, excitement

uttam

pQd

adj.

supreme, best

uttano

pQfgf]

adj.

flat on one's back

uttar

pQ/

n.

answer, reply; north

uttaradhikari

pQ/flwsf/L

n.

heir, successor, inheritor

uttardayi

pQ/bfoL

adj.

responsible, answerable,
accountable

uttejit

pQ]lht

adj.

excited, quickened

utthan

pTyfg

n.

upliftment; progress,
emancipation

vacan

jrg

n.

speech, utterance, talk

vad

jfb

n.

theory, dispute, controversy

vaicarik

j}rfl/s

adj.

ideological

vaidhanik

j}wflgs

adj.

constitutional, according to
the constitution

vaishakh

j}zfv

n.

first month of the Nepali
year [April-May]

vajracarya

jh|frfo{

n.

Vajracharya, Bajracharya,
a tantric guru, a Buddhist
priest

vaktavya

jQmJo

n.

speech, statement, topic

vampanthi

jfdkGyL

n./adj.

leftist

van biralo

jg la/fnf]

n.

wild cat

van upabhokta
samuha

jg pkef]Qmf ;d'x

n.

forest users group

vanbhoja

jfef]h

n.

picknick

vanijya

jfl)fHo

n.

trade, commerce, business

vanko dhan

jgsf] wfg

n.

forest resources

141

vansha

j+z

n.

clan, pedigree, dynasty,
lineage, birth, family, tribe,
generation

vardan

j/bfg

n.

boon

varga

ju{

n.

class, kind, series, row

varga mil

ju{ dLn

n.

square mile

vargahin

ju{xLg

adj.

classless

vargahin samaj

ju{xLg ;dfh

n.

classless society

varipari

jl/kl/

adv.

all round, round about, on
all sides

varnan

j)f{g

n.

description, narration,
encomium

varsa

jif{

n.

year

varsa

jiff{

n.

rains, rainy season,
monsoon

varta

jftf{

n.

discourse, account,
conversation, topic, talk,
dialogue

vartalap

jftf{nfk

n.

dialogue, conversation,
talk, discourse

vartaman

jt{dfg

adj.

current, existing, modern,
current time, present time

vasanta

j;Gt

n.

spring

vasi

jf;L

n.

inhabitant, dweller

vastavik

jf:tljs

adj.

in reality, essential,
genuine, true, virtual

vastavikta

jf:tljstf

n.

reality, truth

vastu

j:tÚ

n.

thing, item, substance,
article, property; cattle

vastutah

j:tÚtM

adv.

in reality

vatavaran

jftfj/)f

n.

condition, surrounding,
environment,
circumstances, situation

veda

j]b

n.

Veda

vela

j]nf

n.

time

veshya

j]Zof

n.

prostitute, whore, harlot

vibhag

ljefu

n.

section, part, department

vibhagiya

ljefuLo

adj.

departmental, related to the
department

vibhajan

ljefhg

n.

section, part, department

vibhinna

ljleÌ

adj.

various, diverse, different
kinds of

142

vicalan

ljrng

n.

departure, deviation,
moving about,
unsteadiness

vicar

ljrf/

n.

consideration, observation,
notion, idea, judgement

videsh

ljb]z

n.

foreign country

videshi

ljb]zL

n.

foreigner

videshi sahayata

ljb]zL ;xfotf

n.

foreign aid

vidhan

ljwfg

n.

legislation, act, law,
ordinance, regulation, rule

vidheyak

ljw]os

n.

bill [in a legislature]

vidhi

ljlw

n.

method, procedure, law,
rule, prescript

vidhipurvak

ljlwk'j{s

adv.

duly, methodically,
systematically

vidhivat

ljlwjt

adv.

duly, methodically,
systematically, in
conformity with rules, as
prescribed by law

vidit

ljlbt

adj.

known, understood,
acquainted

vidroha

ljb|f]x

n.

revolt, rebellion, mutiny,
treason

vidvan

ljåfg

n./adj.

scholar; learned, wise

vidya

ljBf

n.

knowledge, learning,
attainment

vidyabhyas

ljBfEof;

n.

study, habit of study,
practice of learning

vidyalaya

ljBfno

n.

school, college, academy,
seminary

vidyarambha

ljBf/De

n.

initiation into one's studies
with religious solemnities,
the beginning of reading an
writing

vidyarthi

ljBfyL{

n.

student

vidyarthi gatividhi

ljBfyL{ ultljlw

n.

student movement

vidyashram

ljBf>d

n.

boarding school

vidyut

ljBÚt

n.

electricity

vigat

ljut

adj.

past, gone away

vighatan

lj#^g

n.

break up, dissolution,
destruction

vigyan

lj!fg

n.

acquired knowledge,
conscience, wisdom,
understanding, science

143

vihina

ljxLg

postp.

devoid of, deprived of,
destitute of

vihinata

ljxLgtf

n.

missing, non-existence

vijaya

ljho

n.

victory, triumph, conquest

vijaya

ljhof

n.

the goddess Durga, the
Durga Puja festival

vijaya dashami

ljhof bzdL

n.

the Dashara festival, the
Dasain festival

vijayi

ljhoL

n./adj.

victor, conqueror,
vanquisher; victorious,
triumphant

vijeta

ljh]tf

n.

conqueror, victor, one who
has achieved victory

vikas

ljsf;

n.

development, expansion,
evolution

vikasit

ljsfl;t

adj.

developed

vikasit

ljsl;t

adj.

developed

vikat

ljs^

adj.

dreadful, difficult, hideous

vikendrikaran

ljs]Gb|Ls/)f

n.

decentralization

vikhandan

ljv)*g

n.

fission, breaking up,
splitting up, fragmentation

vikhandit

ljvl)*t

adj.

divided, separated, split up,
cut off, broken

vikriti

ljs[lt

n.

deformation, defilement,
mutilation, defect

vilas

ljnf;

n.

luxury, enjoyment,
luxurious life, sensuous
pleasure, pleasure with the
opposite sex

vilayat

ljnfot

n.

foreign land, foreign
country, Europe, England

viman

ljdfg

n.

airplane, airship

vimansthal

ljdfg:yn

n.

airfield, airstrip

vinash

ljgfz

n.

destruction, ruin, disaster,
loss

vipanna

ljkÌ

adj.

distressed, afflicted, fallen
into calamity, in a critical
state

viparit

ljk/Lt

adj.

opposit, contrary, reverse,
adverse, hostile

viphal

ljkmn

adj.

fruitless, useless,
unsuccessful

vir

jL/

adj.

brave, courageous, heroic,
gallant

144

viraha

lj/x

n.

separation, parting,
estrangement; loss

virodh

lj/f]w

n.

dissension, discrepancy,
hostility, discord, objection,
antagonism

viruddha

lj?$

postp.

against, opposed, opposite,
contrary, adverse, hostile

visakta

ljiffQm

adj.

toxic, poisonous,
venomous, vituperative

visalu

ljiffnÚ

adj.

toxic, poisonous,
venomous, vituperative

visaya

ljifo

n.

subject, topic, article

visaya-kram

ljifoqmd

n.

contents, table of contents

visayantar

ljifofGt/

n.

an outside subject, another
topic

visayapravesh

ljifok|j]z

n.

introduction, preface,
foreword, preliminary

visaya-pravesh

ljifo k|j]z

–

n.

introduction

visayavastu

ljifoj:tÚ

n.

subject matter, something
discussed

vishal

ljzfn

adj.

big, very big, gigantic,
extensive, large, palatiol,
huge, great

vishes

ljz]if

adv.

extraordinary, unusual,
special, distinguished,
famous

vishes adalat

ljz]if cbfnt

n.

special court

vishes nam

ljz]if gfd

n.

proper name

vishesagya

ljz]if!

n.

expert

vishesan

ljz]if)f

n.

adjective

vishesya

ljz]io

n.

substantive; a noun with an
adjective qualifying it

vishista

ljlzi^

adj.

conspicuous, remarkable,
important, distinguished,
extraordinary

vishva

ljZj

n.

universe, the whole world

vishvas

ljZjf;

n.

belief, trust, faith, reliance,
confidence, assurance

vishvasniya

ljZj;gLo

adj.

trustworthy, reliable,
creditable

vishvasniyata

ljZj;gLotf

n.

trustworthiness, reliability,
creditability

vishvaspatra

ljZjf;kfq

n.

reliable person, confidant

vishvavidyalaya

ljZjljBfno

n.

university

145

vishvayuddha

ljZjo'$

n.

world war

viskambhak

ljisDes

n.

interlude (in a drama)

vismayadibodhak

lj:doflbaf]ws

n.

interjection

visphot

lj:kmf]^

n.

outburst, explosion,
eruption; smallpox

visphotak

lj:kmf]^s

adj.

explosive

vistar

lj:tf/

n.

extension, expansion,
extent; spread

vistarit

lj:tfl/t

adj.

expanded, enlarged

vivad

ljjfb

n.

discussion, debate,
dispute, altercation,
quarrel, controvercy

vivaha

ljjfx

n.

marriage, wedding,
matrimony

vivaran

ljj/)f

n.

description, account,
statement

vivash

ljjz

adj.

dependent, helpless,
subjected

vividh

ljljw

adj.

different, diverse, various,
miscellaneous

vividhta

ljljwtf

n.

diversity, variety, variation

vriddha

j[$

adj.

old, aged, advanced in
years, mature; ancient

vriddhavastha

j[$fj:yf

n.

old age

vriddhi

j[l$

n.

progress, increase,
increment, rise, growth,
enlargement

vrihaspativar

j[x:kltjf/

n.

Thursday

vriksha

j[If

n.

tree

vriksharopan

j[Iff/f]k)f

n.

tree plantation

vrisadeva

j[ifb]j

n.

Vrishadeva [name of a
Licchavi king, great-
grandfather of Manadeva I]

vyakhya

JofVof

n.

explanation

vyakhyan

JofVofg

n.

speech, lecture,
explanation, exposition

vyakta

JoQm

adj.

clear, discernible,
expressed, stated,
mentioned

vyakti

JolQm

n.

person, individual,
manifestation

vyaktigat

JolQmut

adj.

personal, individual

vyaktitva

JolQmTj

n.

personality, individuality,

146

self

vyaktivacak nam

JolQmjfrs gfd

n.

proper name, proper noun

vyangya

JoéØ

n.

sarcasm, irony, innuendo

vyangya-citra

JoéØlrq

n.

cartoon

vyapar

Jofkf/

n.

business, trade, profession,
occupation, industry

vyapta

JofKt

adj.

diffused, pervaded,
occupied, overcast,
scattered, flush

vyatha

Joyf

n.

pain, suffering, misery,
distress, injury, ache

vyavahar

Jojxf/

n.

behaviour, conduct,
manner, treatement

vyavasay

Joj;fo

n.

undertaking, occupation,
employment; engagement,
business

vyavastha

Joj:yf

n.

system, method, regulation,
management, settlement,
systematization, form

vyavasthapan

Joj:yfkg

n.

organizing, systematizing

vyavasthapika

Joj:yflksf

n.

legislative

vyavasthapit

Joj:yflkt

adj.

established, systematized,
managed

vyavasthit

Jojl:yt

adj.

systematic, methodical, in
order

yadyapi

oBlk

conj.

although, though, even, if,
however, notwithstanding

yagya

o!

n.

religious sacrifice, oblation

yahan

oxf

adv.

here, at this place, hither

yahi

oxL

pron.

this very

yahi nai

oxL g}

pron.

this and no other

yas karan

o; sf/)f

so, because of this

yas kramma

o; qmDdf

for this reason, so

yasaigari

o;}u/L

adv.

consequently, therefor, so

yashasvi

oz:jL

adj.

renowned, reputed,
glorious

yashogan

ozf]ufg

n.

eulogy, singing of praises

yasmadhye

o;dWo]

adv.

by that, in this

yaso

o;f]

adj.

like this, such

yasogari

o;f]u/L

adv.

consequently, therefor, so

yasto

o:tf]

pron.

like this, of the same kind

147

yasto andhyaroma

o:tf] cWo/f]df

comp.

in such darkness

yata

otf

adv.

here, at this place, hither

yatauta

otfptf

adv.

hither an thither, here and
there, in all directions

yatayat

oftfoft

n.

transportation, traffic

yathavat

oyfjt

adv.

in situ, intact, as before

yati

olt

adv.

this much, thus much, so
much

yatiko

oltsf]

adv.

so much

yatra

ofqf

n.

trip, voyage

yatri

ofqL

n.

traveller, pilgrim, tourist

yatro

oqf]

pron.

so great, so big

yauvan

of}jg

n.

youth, adolescence,
manhood, puberty

yayavar

ofofj/

n.

nomad, wanderer

yog

of]u

n.

joining, junction,
combination, union,
coupling; relationship,
connection

yogadan

of]ubfg

n.

cooperation, help,
assistance, contribution

yogaphal

of]ukmn

n.

the sum total

yogyata

Of]Uotf

n.

power, strength, talent

yojana

of]hgf

n.

planning

yug

oÚu

n.

epoch, era, age

yugoslabhiya

oÚuf]:nfeLof

n.

Yugoslavia

yurop

o'/f]k

n.

Europe

yuropeli

o'/f]k]nL

adj.

European

yuva

oÚjf

n.

youth

yuvati

oÚjtL

n.

young woman, youthful
woman

148