S×l
" =
E×A
F "
à = = µ × E = E ×
A l
"
µ =
l
´
l"u ´ l"x
"u µ × "x = =µ ×
Ò!
0 0
R = - × "t × E × A
R
à =  × "t × E
A
´
r
Ms
Ä = rmax ×
max
Is
d
=
max
2
Is = I0 = I - Iy = 2 × Iy
Ms
Åš = ,
Is×G
My = M × cosÄ…, Mz = M × sinÄ…
My ×z
Mz ×y
Ãx +
Iy Iz
Ãx
N
Ãx = , µx =
F E
Ä„×d2
N N
d" R = d" F, F =
Ò!
F R 4
"i = µi × li
"i
= µi-
li
+, -.