Adolf Eichmann's Final Plea: "In His Own Words"






































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"I am not the monster that I am made out to be. I am the victim of an
error of judgment. I was assaulted in Buenos Aires, tied to a bed for a
week and then drugged by injections in my arms and brought to the airport
in Buenos Aires; from there I was flown out of Argentina. This can quite
obviously only be explained by the fact that I was considered to be the
person who was responsible for everything."
Adolf Eichmann
 

Eichmann's Final Plea:


Presiding Judge: Adolf Eichmann, you have heard your
Counsel's statement on the penalty. Do you wish to add anything concerning
the penalty which the Court should impose on you for the crimes of which
you have been found guilty?
Accused: I have heard the Court's severe verdict of
guilty. I see myself disappointed in my hopes for justice. I cannot
recognize the verdict of guilty. I understand the demand for atonement for
the crimes which were perpetrated against the Jews. The witnesses'
statements here in the Court made my limbs go numb once again, just as
they went numb when once, acting on orders, I had to look at the
atrocities. It was my misfortune to become entangled in these atrocities.
But these misdeeds did not happen according to my wishes. It was not my
wish to slay people. The guilt for the mass murder is solely that of the
political leaders.
  I did try to leave my position, to leave for the front, for
honest battle. But I was held fast in those dark duties. Once again I
would stress that I am guilty of having been obedient, having subordinated
myself to my official duties and the obligations of war service and my
oath of allegiance and my oath of office, and in addition, once the war
started, there was also martial law.
  This obedience was not easy. And again, anyone who has to
give orders and has to obey orders knows what one can demand of people. I
did not persecute Jews with avidity and passion. That is what the
government did. Nor could the persecution be carried out other than by a
government. But I never... I accuse the leaders of abusing my obedience.
At that time obedience was demanded, just as in the future it will also be
demanded of the subordinate. Obedience is commended as a virtue.
  May I therefore ask that consideration be given to the fact
that I obeyed, and not whom I obeyed.
  I have already said that the top echelons, to which I did
not belong, gave the orders, and they rightly, in my opinion, deserved
punishment for the atrocities which were perpetrated on the victims on
their orders. But the subordinates are now also victims. I am one of such
victims. This cannot be ignored. It is said that I could and should have
refused to be obedient. That is a consideration with hindsight. Under the
circumstances then prevailing such an attitude was not possible. Nor did
anyone behave in this fashion. From my experience I know that the
possibility, which was alleged only after the War, of opposing orders is a
self-protective fairy tale. An individual could secretly slip away. But I
was not one of those who thought that permissible.
  It is a major error to believe that I belonged to the
fanatics of the persecution of the Jews. In the entire post-War period I
have been tormented and incensed that all the guilt has been shifted from
my superiors and others onto me. I did not in fact make any statements
which could have shown my fanaticism, and no blood guilt lies on me. In
this connection the witnesses have told a great falsehood. The Court's
putting together of statements and documents initially makes a very
convincing impression, but it is a deceptive one. I shall try to clarify
these errors before the next legal instance.
  Nobody came to me and remonstrated with me because of my
official activities. Even the witness Pastor Grüber does not claim this.
He came to me and only wanted relaxations to be granted, without
criticizing my official activities themselves. He confirmed here in Court
that I did not reject him, but simply stated to him that I had to obtain
my superiors' decision, that I myself could not take a decision.
  Dr. Lösener, the ministerial director who was referred to
in the proceedings, was the expert in charge of Jewish affairs in the
Reich Ministry of the Interior. He has died. In his written statement of
justification, which has appeared only recently, he admitted that he knew
of the atrocities and that he also informed his superiors accordingly. It
must be assumed that everyone in the Ministry of the Interior was thus
made aware of what was going on. But no one opposed my superiors.
Ministerial Director Lösener continued silently in tacit opposition and
served his Führer as a well-paid judge in the Reich Administrative Court.
That is the form that the courage of one's convictions takes in the case
of a prominent person. In the report he wrote in 1950, Lösener expresses
views about me, according to which I am supposed to have been a primary
figure in the persecution of the Jews. But these are simply emotional
outbursts, without any indication of facts in which these speculations are
rooted. The same applies to other witnesses. I was asked by the judges
whether I wished to make an admission of guilt, like the Commandant of
Auschwitz, Höss, and the Governor General of Poland, Frank. These two had
every reason to make such an admission of guilt: Frank, as the person who
gave the orders, admitted his guilt for the orders which he gave, and
balked at delegating to inferiors. Höss was the one who actually carried
out the mass killings.
  My position is different. I never had the power and the
responsibility of a giver of orders. I never carried out killings, as Höss
did. If I had received the order to carry out these killings, I would not
have escaped by using a trumped up pretext; during my interrogation I
already stated: Since because of the compulsion exerted by an order there
was no way out, I would have put a bullet through my brain in order to
solve the conflict between conscience and duty.
  The Court believes that my current attitude is a result of
being on trial and is a fabrication. A whole list of items was given which
appear to confirm this. But the contradictions which exist were caused by
the fact that, at the beginning of my interrogation by the police,
naturally I could not remember details with precision. It was too much,
what I had experienced in recent years. Nor did I resist; this is shown by
the police record which is over 3,500 pages long. What I said was the
first unrestrained attempt to provide assistance in shedding light on
things. Mistakes did occur in this, but I had to be allowed to correct
them. After sixteen or twenty years have lapsed, I cannot be reproached
with such mistakes, nor should my willingness to provide assistance be
considered as a subterfuge and a lie.
  My life's principle, which I was taught very early on, was
to desire and to strive to achieve ethical values. From a particular
moment on, however, I was prevented by the State from living according to
this principle. I had to switch from the unity of ethics to one of
multiple morals. I had to yield to the inversion of values which was
prescribed by the State. I had to engage in introspective examination in
areas which concern my inner self alone. In this introspective examination
I have to ignore my sense of guiltlessness in the legal sense. And I would
now ask the Jewish People on a personal level for forgiveness, and I would
admit that I am overwhelmed by shame when I think about the evil committed
against the Jews and the acts that were perpetrated against them. But in
the light of the reasoning of the Judgment this would probably only be
interpreted as hypocrisy.
  I am not the monster that I am made out to be. I am the
victim of an error of judgment. I was assaulted in Buenos Aires, tied to a
bed for a week and then drugged by injections in my arms and brought to
the airport in Buenos Aires; from there I was flown out of Argentina. This
can quite obviously only be explained by the fact that I was considered to
be the person who was responsible for everything. The reason for this lies
in the fact that the National Socialists of the time and others have
spread untruths about me. They wanted to exonerate themselves at my
expense, or to create confusion for reasons unknown to me. Oddly enough,
some of the press coverage also reproduced the same untrue descriptions in
an extremely exaggerated fashion over fifteen years in a most suggestive
manner. This is the cause of the false inference. This is the reason why l
am here. I thank my Counsel, who has insisted on my rights. I am utterly
convinced that I must suffer here for others. I must bear what fate
imposes on me.
Presiding Judge: We shall announce the sentence on
Friday, the day after tomorrow, at 9 o'clock.


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