15. Weather and environment

4 seasons

Spring

• The snow after winter is melting. The sun begins shining and the nature is waking up

• Flowers blossom (are in bloom), the animals have babies, birds returns from Africa and they are nesting and laying eggs

• The morning frost could be found in early spring

• Temperature is increasing and stagnates between 10 and 18°C.

• The weather is mostly sunny, but also the rain isn't an exception. There could be floods because of melted snow.

• People: sleeping, leaning up (house, garden)

Summer

• Hot weather, sunny days (it can evokes fire dangerous), storms with rain shower

• Many people like this season because of sunbathing and wearing thin clothes and are looking forward to it.

• Fruits and vegetables are ripening and are very cheap to buy.

Autumn

• It is often overcast or rains, the wind blows and it's getting cold. Sometimes can hailing.

• Exception of it is The Indian summer (the time between hot summer and sad autumn) when everything is colourful, sun still shines and people are happy.

• We harvest our fruit and vegetable in the garden to make pickled vegetable, marmalades, jams…

• Trees are shedding their leaves and become absolutely bare.

• Animals are searching for food for the winter. Birds fly to the south.

• People often have depressive moods.

Winter

• Freezy, the snow is everywhere, temperature beneath zero

• People have to dress warmly, in order not to be ill.

Clear	Jasno	Rainy	Deštivo	Fug	Dusno
Thundery	Zamračeno	Drizzly	Sychravo	Scorcher	Vedro
Cloudy	Oblačno	Chilly	Chladný	Wet	Vlhko
Overcast	Zataženo	Foggy	Mlhavo	Arid	Vyprahlý
Inclement	Pošmourno	Breeze	Vánek	Freezing	Mrzne

Natural calamities and disasters

Floods

• It is a result of long rains. Rivers raise and spills from their watershads.

Drughts

• They happen in many days without rains, the fires can come after. States which are in danger are Australia, Calirornia or Spain.

Fires

Tornado and huricanes

Snow stream

Avelanche

Earthquake

• Can be connected with tsunami

Types of climate and various landscape

icescape			země ledu
wild sceneries			divoká krajina
			pristine forests
			untouched by human
			admire natural beauties
			beauty spot
lowlands/lowland area			nížina
highlands			vysočina
flat country			rovinatá
rolling land			zvlněný terén
hilly			kopcovitý
			forested, bare hills
mountainous			hornatý
rocky			skalnatý
woodland area			lesnatý
bushy			křovinatý
wasteland			neúrodná zem
vegetation zones
frozen tundra
dry desert
savannah
prairie
bush
jungle
tropical (rain) forests

Pollution

Today society causes that our enviroment air and water and landscape pollution. Air-pollution is caused mainly by car exhausts and smog (smoke and fog). Water-pollution is caused by toxic substances from factories and from powerplants, industrial waste and household waste. And what about oil spills….it is really weighty problem for plants and animals in the water. Rubbish dump harm the environment, too. Chemicals used in agriculture can be harmful for inland waters which are important sources of drinking water.

The main environment issues

Global warming, greenhouse effect

Thanks to big industry production is made layer of greenhouse gases in atmosphere. They prevent solar radiation escaping the Earth, so our planet gets warmer. Average temperature rises and icebergs are melting down. After some time it could happen that water floods areas near the sea level.

Ozone hole

Ozone layer in athmosphere protect the Earth from ultraviolet rays. Because of CFCs production the ozone holes came into being and are still increasing nowadays. It means the dangerous for people because UV rays can get in our atmosphere in extensive measure.

Rain forests

Rain forests are the lung of the Eatrh. The green trees produce oxygen. However people cut down tropical forests for firewood (topivo) or use exploiting wood as a building material. There can be place for farming or for building-up. Landslide can happen there.

Animal protection

Many animals nowaday face (thanks to human) extantion. (are doomed to extintion) People so much weigh in their natural living condition that they have big problems. They almost wipe out some species. For example: whale hunting or killing animals for skin, fur or elephants for ivory.

People should restrict the hunting threatened animals and claim reservation to protect them…

Beeing green

Environment friendly behaviour

Our consumer society should realize how we harm our environment and change lifestyle. We shoul begin to think green, produce environment-friendly products, which are possible to recycle and cut down using disposable products. We should save energy, for example reduce using electric consumer and using cars and so on, seperate waste to bottle, paper and plastic bins. We should use washin powders and liquids enviroment friendly…

Green peace

It is association of environmentalists (green extremists) which wants to protect our environment. They organize marches, criticize the goverment for they resolutions threatening environment. They persuade people to change their attitude toward nature protection, their affect public opinion….

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