1. The Welfare State:

• planned during II World War,

• the Labour Government passed laws in 1945-1950.

2. Welfare – health, comfort (freedom, what we need, without worrying about money):

• WELFARE STATE – system by which the government provides the economic and social security through its organization of health services, pensions, other facilities.

3. The cost of Welfare State (money for it are taken from):

• taxes,

• insurance payments,

• health payments,

• every employer and employee has to pay weekly contributions,

• the government pays a certain amount.

4. Welfare services provide:

• allowances (when something happens),

• pensions (for elderly people),

• advice (people can receive social workers’ hel: in pathological families they take care of children).

5. 1980s – reorganisation of Welfare State:

• National Insurance,

• National Health Service,

• supplementary benefits for people with low income,

• benefits for children,

• housing benefits (council houses which still exists but there is no many of them),

• charities (individual people think that they should help another people and they share money).

6. National Insurance:

• every employer and employee pays to National Insurance Fund,

• the government pays money from taxation,

• it is used for:

• retirement pension (moeny which elderly people get after being retired),

• unemployment benefit (for people who don’t have work, who don;t get any money),

• sickness benefit,

• maternity benefit (for mothers who work but have newborn baby – so they get money),

• widow’s benefit (if husbands die, wives get husbands’ money).

7. Benefits for children:

• child benefit (all children get money to 16 years),

• one parent benefit (additional benefit for parent who brings up his/her children on his/her own).

8. Supplementary benefits for people with low income:

• Department of Social Security:

• payment of all/part of rent of house/flat,

• extra payment to cover cost of heating,

• don’t pay some/all local taxes,

• get goods.

9. National Health Service:

• it originated in 1948 to give free medical treatment,

• now don’t pay only children at school, pensioners, people on low income, unemployed,

• G.P. (general practitioner), hospital – free of charge,

• others – fixed sum paid (optician, etc. – not full cost but a certain amount of money).

10. Housing benefits:

• local council houses (they are mostly private; people with low income get some money – grants – to pay for rent – but not all the cost, only certain amount of money),

• council housng grants.

11. Charities:

• Oxfam,

• Cancer Research Fund (it help in attempts to discover cures for cancer),

• Save the Children Fund,

• National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children,

• Royal Soiety for the Prevention of cruelty to Animals,

• Mencap (it deals with mentally ill people),

• Help the Aged (it helps elderly people):

• (they collect money form people who gives them goods which are sold then; they organise some sports events to share money).