F00574 019 f026
Enlargement of mucus-secreting glands and inerease in number of goblet cells, accompanied by an inflammatory celi infiltrate. result in inereased sputum production leading to chronię bronchitis _/
\
Pulmonary vascular remodelling and impaired cardiac perfomance
_/
Unopposed action of proteases and oxidants leading to destruction of alveoli and appearance of emphysema
Loss of elastic tissue, inflammation and fibrosis in airway wali result in premature airway closure, gas trapping and dynamie hyperinflation leading to changes in pulmonary and chest wali compliance
V_y
Muscular weakness reflecting deconditioning and cellular changes in skeletal muscles
Systemie
metabolism contributing ^ toweightloss ^
Impaired salt and water excretion leading to peripheral oedema
Inereased circulating inflammatory marfrers ^
T Prevalence of osteoporosis
© Elsevier. Boon et al.: DavidsorVs Principles and Practice of Medicine 20e - www.studentconsult.com
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