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->    10000-7000 BC Britain separated from Europę

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-»    3000 BC People settled - l^st migration (from Iberian peninsula and northern coast of Africa)

2400 BC - 2^nd migration

People who settled were known as Beaker (Southern England), they brought barley /jęczmień/ and ability to produce bronze tools and weapons 1300 BC-Bronze Age

; Henge --1    astronomical calendar (sun showed the nrst day of season) Meeting place for chiefs; religion rituals; Stone

^L    Iienge has been built for 1000 years, villages started growing around henges ->• 700 BC ^; CELTS INYASION I

Peaceful invasion came from central Europę, continued culture fiom bronze people, advanced ploughińg methods, and continued building henges. Women worked; matriarchy.

700 BC-iron age

HIELFORTS-kind of villages to protect from attacks /Druids j priests of Celts, historians, remembered the most important facts

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Bodicea^ Celtic queen fighting with Roman invaders

Celtic language is still in Ireland (ancient was in Wales and Scotland)

55-54 BC | ROMAN INYASION^

Interested in conąuering, because of:    mild climate,

good soils,

tin (they needed them for caps barrows).

Roman Emperor was fighting with Gauls, Celts supported Gauls with food & weapons and gave them safe places in England to the refugees. Julius Cesar also needed to strengthen his political position in Romę and best way to do it was to conąuer the new land.

They Gave Name Britain from Pretani ->Britannia -> Britain,

Romans brought to Britain system of roads

They trade with Celts, Celts started speaking Latin, Roman titles were on Celtic columns Established capitol Verulam (later -Colchester-London), left main roads, tumiels, formal Latin language, camps (castrum) turned into towns or cities,(Manchester, Chester, Winchester etc.)

55-54 BC - Julius Cesar He wanted to be the first conąueror of Britain but political difficulties madę him returns

122-128 -

Aulus Plautius He invaded Britain with no resistance, stopped on Scottish border - a Hadriafrs wali (built to protected from Scottish)

140 - Antoninious Wall - Another wali build by Romans when they wanted to move north 200 - St. Alban - English Martyr - Roman soldiers brought Christianity, started talking about it to local people. People started

establish jMonasteries](kind of communities, self-sufficient) along coast.

Ireland - St. Patrick Scotland - St. Andrew Britain - St. George

In 430 St. Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland.

SAXONINYASION Lbout 430 AD

(German origins)

Juts - settled along south coast Saxons - settled in the N and E Anslos - settled between them

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