10
IV. Mcans and Methods of State Foreign Policy - Justyna Zając.............79
1. Undcrstanding of State Foreign Policy Means and Methods...............79
2. Typologies of Foreign Policy Mcans....................................................80
3. Analysis of Foreign Policy Means and Methods..................................82
3.1. Political Means.............................................................................82
3.1.1. Mcans of Pacific Settlement of Disputes.............................83
Ncgotialions.................................................................................83
Good Offices and Mediation.......................................................84
CommissionsofFnquiry..............................................................85
Conciliation..................................................................................85
3.2. Economic Means.........................................................................85
3.2.1. BconomicSanctions.............................................................86
3.2.2. EconomicAid.......................................................................87
3.3. Military Means.............................................................................88
3.3.1. Armamcnts and War............................................................88
3.3.2. Foreign Military Presencc....................................................89
3.3.3. Military Aid...........................................................................90
3.4. Cultural-Ideological Means..........................................................91
3.4.1. Cultureand Cultural Diplomacy...........................................91
3.4.2. Ideology................................................................................92
3.5. Other Means................................. 94
3.5.1. Intelligence...........................................................................94
3.5.2. Participation in Multilateral Peacckeeping Opcrations.........95
4. Conclusions..................................... 97
V. Dccision-Making Process in State Foreign Policy
-Renata Włoch...........................................................................................99
1. Speciiicity ofForeign Policy Decision-Making Process......................99
3. Phascs ofForeign Policy Decision-Making Process..........................104
4. Assumption of Rationality in Foreign Policy.......................................107
5. LimitationofRational Model ofForeign Policy Decision-Making..... 108
5.1.1. Cognitivei.imilation............................................................ 109
5.1.2. Emotional Limitation............................................................111
5.1.3. AffiliativeLimitations..........................................................111
5.2. Micro-sociai Level: Smali Group.................................................112
5.3. Organisalional Level....................................................................113
6. Is Foreign Policy Decision-Making Rational?.....................................114